Standard 10 Social Science
Virudhunagar District Schools - First Mid Term Test (July 2022) - Solved Paper
Question Paper
1) What is the Battle of Marne remembered for?
a) air warfare b) trench warfare c) submarine warfare d) ship warfare
2) Who were mainly persecuted by Hitler?
a) Russians b) Arabs c) Turks d) Jews
3) _________ plains are formed by the older alluviums.
a) Bhabar b) Tarai c) Bhangar d) Khadar
4) Which of the following committees / commissions made recommendations about the centre-state relations?
- Sarkaria commission
- Rajamannar committee
- M.N. Venkatachaliah commission
Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 2 c) 1 and 3 d) 2 and 3
5) Who granted the English the golden Firman in 1632?
a) Jahangir b) Sultan of Golconda c) Akbar d) Aurangzeb
6) The largest producer of sugarcane in the world is _________.
7) The secret state police in Nazi Germany was known as _________.
8) Locarno Treaty was signed in the year _________.
9) _________ is the Guardian of the constitution.
10) GDP is the indicator of the _________ economy.
11) Name the countries in the Triple Entente.
12) Define "Dollar Imperialism".
13) Describe the Pearl Harbor incident.
14) State the west-flowing rivers of India.
15) Name the four distinct seasons of India.
16) Distinguish between Alluvial soils and Black soils.
17) What is meant by citizenship?
18) How is the President of India elected?
19) What is per capita income?
20) Write any two positive impacts of Globalization.
21) Analyse the effects of World War II.
22) What are multipurpose projects and write about any two multipurpose projects of India?
23) Describe the Executive and Judicial powers of the President of India.
24) Write about the composition of GDP in India.
25) Write any five important events from the year 1910 - 1940.
26) Discuss the main causes of the First World War.
27) Write about the South West Monsoon.
28)
- Mt. K2
- Palk Strait
- River Mahanadi
- Panna biosphere reserve
- Regions of black soil
Solved Answers
1) b) trench warfare
2) d) Jews
3) c) Bhangar (Older alluvium). Khadar is the newer alluvium.
4) b) 1 and 2 (Sarkaria commission and Rajamannar committee specifically focused on centre-state relations).
5) b) Sultan of Golconda
6) Brazil
7) Gestapo
8) 1925
9) The Supreme Court
10) economic health/growth
11) Name the countries in the Triple Entente.
- Great Britain (United Kingdom)
- France
- Russia
12) Define "Dollar Imperialism".
13) Describe the Pearl Harbor incident.
14) State the west-flowing rivers of India.
- Narmada
- Tapti (or Tapi)
15) Name the four distinct seasons of India.
- Winter Season: January to February
- Summer Season: March to May
- South-West Monsoon Season (Rainy Season): June to September
- Retreating Monsoon Season (North-East Monsoon): October to December
16) Distinguish between Alluvial soils and Black soils. (Compulsory Question)
| Feature | Alluvial Soils | Black Soils |
|---|---|---|
| Formation | Formed by the deposition of silt, sand, and clay by rivers. | Formed from the weathering of volcanic rocks (basalt). |
| Location | Found in the Indo-Gangetic plains, deltas, and coastal plains. | Found in the Deccan Plateau region (Maharashtra, Gujarat, MP). |
| Crops | Ideal for rice, wheat, sugarcane, and jute. | Ideal for cotton (hence also called 'cotton soil'), sugarcane, and millets. |
| Properties | Highly fertile, light and porous. Rich in potash and lime. | Clayey, deep, and impermeable. High moisture retention. Rich in iron and lime. |
17) What is meant by citizenship?
18) How is the President of India elected?
- Elected members of the Lok Sabha (House of the People).
- Elected members of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
- Elected members of the Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabhas) of all States and the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry.
19) What is per capita income?
Formula: Per Capita Income = National Income / Total Population
20) Write any two positive impacts of Globalization.
- Increased Foreign Investment and Technology: Globalization allows multinational corporations (MNCs) to invest in India, bringing capital, technology, and jobs. This boosts industrial growth and infrastructure development.
- Greater Choice and Lower Prices for Consumers: It provides consumers with a wider variety of goods and services from around the world. Competition among global and local producers often leads to better quality products at more competitive prices.
21) Analyse the effects of World War II.
- Enormous Human Cost: The war resulted in an estimated 60 to 80 million deaths, including civilians and military personnel. The Holocaust, the systematic genocide of six million European Jews by Nazi Germany, remains one of history's greatest tragedies.
- Division of the World and Cold War: The war ended the supremacy of Western European powers and led to the rise of two new superpowers: the United States (USA) and the Soviet Union (USSR). Ideological differences between capitalism (USA) and communism (USSR) led to the Cold War, a period of geopolitical tension that lasted for over four decades.
- Formation of the United Nations (UN): To prevent future global conflicts, the United Nations was established in 1945. Its primary mission is to maintain international peace and security and foster cooperation among nations.
- Decolonization: The war weakened the colonial powers like Britain and France. This weakness, combined with the rise of nationalist movements, accelerated the process of decolonization across Asia and Africa, leading to the independence of many nations, including India.
- Economic Repercussions: European economies were devastated, while the US economy grew significantly. The Marshall Plan, a US aid program, was initiated to help rebuild Western European economies and prevent the spread of communism.
22) What are multipurpose projects and write about any two multipurpose projects of India?
Multipurpose Projects: These are large-scale river valley projects designed to serve several purposes simultaneously. The primary goals often include irrigation for agriculture, generation of hydroelectricity, flood control, providing water for domestic and industrial use, navigation, and promoting tourism and fisheries.
Two major multipurpose projects in India are:
- Bhakra-Nangal Project:
- River: Built on the Sutlej River in Himachal Pradesh.
- Features: It is one of India's largest multipurpose projects. The Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam, one of the highest in the world. The Nangal Dam is a smaller dam downstream.
- Benefits: It provides irrigation to Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan. It is a major source of hydroelectric power. It also helps in flood control. The Gobind Sagar reservoir created by the dam supports fisheries.
- Hirakud Project:
- River: Built across the Mahanadi River in Odisha.
- Features: The main section of the Hirakud Dam is one of the longest dams in the world, stretching over 25 kilometers including dykes.
- Benefits: It was primarily built to control the devastating floods of the Mahanadi river. It irrigates a large area of agricultural land in Odisha and generates significant hydroelectric power.
25) Write any five important events from the year 1910 - 1940.
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1914 | Outbreak of World War I. |
| 1919 | Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar. |
| 1920 | Launch of the Non-Cooperation Movement by Mahatma Gandhi. |
| 1930 | The Dandi March (Salt March) begins, marking the start of the Civil Disobedience Movement. |
| 1939 | Outbreak of World War II. |
26) Discuss the main causes of the First World War.
- Militarism:
- This refers to the policy of building up a strong military to prepare for war. European powers engaged in a massive arms race in the early 20th century.
- Countries like Germany and Britain rapidly expanded their navies and armies. This created an atmosphere of fear, suspicion, and tension, making war more likely.
- Alliances:
- A web of military alliances developed in Europe, dividing the continent into two rival camps.
- The Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
- The Triple Entente: Great Britain, France, and Russia.
- These alliances meant that a conflict between two nations could quickly escalate into a full-scale European war, as allied nations were obligated to defend each other.
- Imperialism:
- Imperialism is the act of a country extending its power and influence over other territories. European powers competed fiercely for colonies in Africa and Asia.
- This competition for resources, markets, and strategic advantages led to rivalries and clashes between nations, particularly between Germany, Britain, and France.
- Nationalism:
- Nationalism is an intense form of patriotism or loyalty to one's country. While it could unite people, it also created fierce rivalries.
- Aggressive nationalism fueled desires to dominate other nations. In the Balkan region ("the powder keg of Europe"), various ethnic groups like the Serbs wanted independence from empires like Austria-Hungary, leading to instability.
- Immediate Cause: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- The spark that ignited the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie.
- They were killed in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914, by a Serbian nationalist named Gavrilo Princip.
- This event led Austria-Hungary to issue an ultimatum to Serbia. When Serbia did not fully comply, Austria-Hungary declared war, triggering the system of alliances and starting World War I.
27) Write about the South West Monsoon.
The South-West Monsoon is the primary rainy season for most of India, accounting for about 75% of the country's annual rainfall. It typically lasts from June to September.
Origin and Mechanism:
- During the summer months (March-May), the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau heat up intensely. This creates a strong low-pressure area over the landmass.
- Simultaneously, the seas and oceans around India (the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal) are relatively cooler, resulting in a high-pressure area over them.
- Winds always blow from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area. Thus, moisture-laden winds from the Indian Ocean are drawn towards the Indian subcontinent.
- Due to the Earth's rotation (Coriolis effect), these winds are deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and approach India from a south-westerly direction, hence the name "South-West Monsoon".
Branches of the South-West Monsoon:
As the monsoon winds approach the peninsular tip of India, they split into two main branches:
- The Arabian Sea Branch:
- This branch strikes the Western Ghats first, usually around the first week of June, beginning with the coast of Kerala.
- The windward side of the Western Ghats receives very heavy rainfall, while the leeward side (Deccan Plateau) remains a rain-shadow area with much less rain.
- This branch then moves northwards along the coast, bringing rain to Mumbai and Gujarat, and eventually reaches central India.
- The Bay of Bengal Branch:
- This branch moves towards the Bay of Bengal and is deflected by the Arakan Yoma mountains in Myanmar.
- It strikes West Bengal and Bangladesh, and then moves northwestward up the Gangetic plains, bringing rain to Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and beyond.
- A part of this branch also strikes the Khasi Hills in Meghalaya, where Mawsynram and Cherrapunji (the wettest places on Earth) are located.
The two branches eventually merge over the northern plains of India. The monsoon gradually begins to withdraw from the country in September, a process known as the Retreating Monsoon.
28) Mark the following places in the India outline map.
Since a map cannot be drawn here, the locations are described for marking on an outline map of India:
- (i) Mt. K2: Located in the extreme northern part of India, in the Karakoram mountain range. It lies on the border between Pakistan-occupied Kashmir and China.
- (ii) Palk Strait: The narrow channel of water located between the state of Tamil Nadu in southeastern India and the island nation of Sri Lanka.
- (iii) River Mahanadi: Originates in the highlands of Chhattisgarh. It flows eastward through the state of Odisha, forming a large delta before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
- (iv) Panna Biosphere Reserve: Located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, in the Vindhya mountain range in the northern part of the state.
- (v) Regions of black soil: This region covers the majority of the Deccan Plateau. It includes large parts of Maharashtra, western Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and northern parts of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. It is a vast, continuous area in the peninsular interior.