Points to Remember: Thermal Physics - Key Concepts & Definitions for Science Students

Thermal Physics

Key Points to Remember

Fundamental Concepts

1. The SI unit of heat energy absorbed or evolved is joule (J)
2. Heat always flows from a system at higher temperature to a system at lower temperature.
3. Temperature is defined as the degree of hotness of a body. The SI unit of temperature is kelvin (K).
4. All the substances will undergo one or more of the following changes when heated:
   1. Temperature of the substance rises.
   2. The substance may change state from solid to liquid or gas.
   3. The substance will expand when heated.
5. All forms of matter (solid, liquid and gas) undergo expansion on heating.
6. For a given rise in temperature, a liquid will have more expansion than a solid and a gaseous substance has the highest expansion than the other two.
7. If a liquid is heated directly without using any container, then the expansion that you observe is termed as real expansion of the liquid.
8. The expansion of a liquid apparently observed without considering the expansion of the container is called the apparent expansion of liquid.
9. For a given heat energy, the real expansion is always more than that of apparent expansion.
10. If the atoms or molecules of a gas do not interact with each other, then the gas is said to be an ideal gas or a perfect gas.
11. Ideal gas equation, also called as equation of state is \(PV = RT\). Here, R is known as universal gas constant whose value is 8.31 J mol^-1K^-1

Tags: Thermal Physics | Science, 10th Science : Chapter 3 : Thermal Physics
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Introduction to Thermal Physics | 10th Science Chapter 3 Explained

Thermal Physics - Introduction

THERMAL PHYSICS

INTRODUCTION

Sun is the primary source of thermal energy for all living organisms. Thermal energy is the cause and temperature is the effect. All living organisms need a particular temperature for their survival. In the kitchen, a container with a steel bottom is placed on the induction stove. Do you know why? All of us have a common man’s understanding of thermal energy and temperature. But, in this chapter, you shall learn about thermal energy and temperature in a scientific manner. We shall also discuss about how thermal energy is transferred and the effects of thermal energy.

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Tags : Introduction , 10th Science : Chapter 3 : Thermal Physics

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10th Science : Chapter 3 : Thermal Physics : Thermal Physics | Introduction