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Geography Model Set 2021-2022 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution.

Geography Model Set 2020-2021 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution.

SSC Geography Model Set 2021-2022

Marks: 40

Academic Year: 2021-2022

Date: March 2022

1) All the activities/questions are compulsory.

2) Figures to the right indicate full marks.

3) Use of stencil is allowed for drawing map

4) Draw neat diagrams and sketches wherever necessary

5) Answers should be written in Black and Blue ink only.

6) Use of pencil/colour pencil is allowed for diagrams, sketches and map work.

7) Answers written in pencils will not be considered.


[1] Multiple Choice Questions [MCQ]

Select the correct option and rewrite the sentence:

In areas which receive less than 500 mm of rainfall, ---------------- forests are found

OPTIONS

Thorny and bushy

Evergreen

Deciduous

Semi-evergreen


SOLUTION

In areas which receive less than 500 mm of rainfall, Thorny and

bushy forests  are found


MCQ

According to Census 2011, the average population density of India is ----------------------persons per sq.km.

OPTIONS


327

342

382

387

 

SOLUTION

According to Census 2011, the average population density of

India is 382 persons per sq.km. 


MCQ

In North-eastern part of Brazil, which types of settlements are found?

OPTIONS


Nucleated

Linear

Dispersed

star-shaped

 

SOLUTION

Dispersed

The settlements in the north-eastern parts of Brazil are scattered/dispersed settlements in which the habitation regions are isolated or located far away from each other. This is because of the occurrence of severe droughts and famines in the highlands because of the scarcity of water. Thus, agriculture practices will be lesser resulting in sparse settlements.


MCQ

Brazil’s economy is also of ---------------- type like that of India.

OPTIONS


Developed

Mixed

Undeveloped

Capitalistic

 

SOLUTION

Brazil’s economy is also of Mixed type like that of India.


[2] Match the Columns:

Match the columns :

a) Evergreen Forests

(i) Sundar trees

b) Deciduous Forests

(ii) Pine

c) Coastal Forests

(iii) Pau Brasil

d) Himalayan Forests

(iv) Khejadi

e) Thorny and bush-type

vegetation

(v) Teak

 

(vi) Orchid

 

(vii) Sal



SOLUTION

a) Evergreen Forests

iii) Pau Brasil, vi) Orchid

b) Deciduous Forests

v) Teak

c) Coastal Forests

i) Sundar trees

d) Himalayan Forests

ii) Pine, vii) Sal

e) Thorny and bush-type vegetation

iv) Khejadi



[3] Answer in Sentence (Attempt Any Four)

In which part of India are three crops grown in a year? How is this related to the rainfall over there?

 

SOLUTION


Three types of crops such as Kharif, Rabi and Zaid are grown in a year in the northern and interior parts of India.


How is the population in India distributed?


SOLUTION

The population distribution in India is highly uneven.


Who established the early settlements in Brazil?


SOLUTION

Portuguese settlers established the early settlements in Brazil.


Between India and Brazil, whose per capita income is less?


SOLUTION

Between India and Brazil, India’s per capita income is less.


Give two examples of natural resources.


SOLUTION

The two examples of natural resources are air and water.


Answer in Brief

Observe the two satellite images given below. Describe the settlements with respect to physiography. Considering the physiography, where could these settlements be located? Find out their settlement pattern and limitations with respect to their future growth.

Geography Model Set 1 2020-2021 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution.

SOLUTION

Both the satellite images depict the different images of the same area in a different period of time. In both instances, the area has desert-like physiography. Thus the settlements found in the region would be scattered. Scattered/dispersed settlements are those in which the habitation regions are isolated or located far away from each other. They are mostly found in the plateaus, deserts, hilly or forested areas.

The major limitations of the scattered settlement are:

A threat to security: Since the people residing nearby are scattered, there will be serious security issues in the area.

Isolation: The people residing in the area may experience isolation due to the lack of proper neighbours in the pattern of dispersed settlement.

Poor transportation: The transportation network in the displaced settlement will be very poor owing to the topography of the region. This will be a very serious challenge to future development.

Difficult to tackle emergency situations: In the scattered settlement, it becomes very difficult to get emergency relief, rescue and aid in case of any accidents or calamities.


Graph

Observe the following graphs and answer the questions given below them:

Geography Model Set 1 2020-2021 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution.

(1) What do the above graphs show?

(2) Which country has the highest male population?

(3) Which country has the highest female population?

(4) Which country has had a rapid increase in female population after 2001?

(5) What was the female population in India in 1961?

(6) Which country has more than 1000 female population?



SOLUTION

1)  Sex ratio of Brazil & India 

2)  India 

3) Brazil

4) Brazil

5)  940 

6)  Brazil



Give geographical reasons.

It is important to manage the waste generated during the field visits.


SOLUTION

It is important to manage wastes during field visit because;

Managing wastes helps in the keeping of the environment clean and tidy.

Managing the environment keeps away microorganisms which may cause diseases.

The managing environment also shows how responsible we are.

Managing environment assists in the prevention of environmental pollution

Managing the environment may also support the growth of other plants since they are also not affected by the wastes.


As compared to the Amazon, pollution in river Ganga will affect human life greatly.


SOLUTION

The Amazon basin lies to the north of Brazil. The Amazon River receives a huge discharge of about 2 lakhs cubic m/s. On the other hand, in North Indian Plains, due to the gentle slope, the speed (velocity) of River Ganga is less.

The region near the Amazon Basin is covered by thick dense equatorial rainforests, hence, it is unfit for human settlement. However, the Ganga river basin is a very fertile region and agriculture is carried out here on a large scale. Moreover, due to the availability of water, this region is densely populated.

Due to the throwing of industrial waste in rivers, the river water has become polluted which has an adverse effect on human life.
Therefore, as compared to the Amazon, pollution in the river Ganga will affect human life greatly.


The northern part of Brazil is covered by dense forests.


SOLUTION

The Amazon River flows in the northern part of Brazil and nearly two-third part of Brazil is covered by this river.

Also the equator passes through this region, hence the climate is hot and it rains throughout the year. It receives a conventional type of rainfall. These environmental conditions are favourable for the growth of trees.

However, this climate, heavy rainfall, dense forests, etc. acts as a barrier to the development of human settlement. Hence, the interior in the Amazon Basin is very sparsely populated.

Thus, due to the Amazon River, heavy rainfall, ample sunlight, hot and humid climate, and very few human settlements which indicate negligible interference of humans, the northern part of Brazil is covered by dense forests.


We rely on the sea route for international trade.


SOLUTION

Foreign trade or international trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. It is an important component of the economy.

Waterways have been the most common means of transport from earlier days. Waterways are the cheapest and easiest way of carrying bulky goods over long distances.

One of its greatest benefits is that it does not require any route construction or maintenance.

Sea routes and oceanic routes are most beneficial for transporting bulky goods from one country to another.

Waterways is a major means of domestic and foreign trade. But, to establish as a major trading centre, the port must have a well-connected rail and road transit network.


Graph

Prepare a multiple bar graph and write the answers.

                                 Average Life of India and Brazil (Year)

Average Life expectancy

Country/

Year

1990

2000

2010

2016

India

58

63

67

68

Brazil

65

70

73

75

i) What was the average life expectancy in India in 2010?

ii) In which decade is the increase in life expectancy of both the countries the same?

iii) What conclusions can you draw after reading the graph of life expectancy in both countries?


SOLUTION

Prepare a multiple bar graph and write the answers.


i) Answer - 67 years



ii) Answer - 1990-2000


iii) Points - Brazil’s life expectancy has been more than India in all the decades.


- It is increasing in both countries due to improved medical facilities and standard of living.



On the basis of Fig, answer the following questions:

Geography Model Set 1 2020-2021 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution.

(a) In which direction do the Aravallis lie?

(b)  Aravali ranges act as a water divide between which rivers?

(c)  Name the hills located on the plateaus to the east of Aravalis.

(d) Across which states have the Deccan Plateau spread?

(e) Which hill ranges lie to the west of the Deccan Plateau?

(f)  Enumerate the characteristics of the Western Ghats.

(g)  Compare the Eastern and the Western Ghats.

(h)  Why are the Western Ghats called a water divide?


SOLUTION

(i) The Aravallis lie in the northwestern direction.

(ii) The Aravallis act as a water divide between the Narmada and Ganga rivers.

(iii) The hills located on the plateau to the east of Aravallis are Rajasthan Alwar range.

(iv) The Deccan plateau is spread across the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.

(v) The Vindhya hills lie to the west of the Deccan Plateau.

(vi) The characteristics of the Western Ghats are-

They rise steeply from the west coast, and originate from the Tapti river, till Kanyakumari.

They are higher than the Eastern Ghats, and have an average height of 900 to 1100 m, the highest peak being Anai Mudi.

The hills are continuous with an average width of 50 to 80 metres.

Many important rivers of the Deccan plateau originate from these ghats.

They lie perpendicular to the southwest monsoon winds, causing heavy rainfall on their windward side.

(vii)

EASTERN GHATS

WESTERN GHATS

They mark the eastern edge of the Deccan plateau.

They mark the western edge of the Deccan plateau.

They are broad.

They are very narrow.

They receive less rainfall.

They receive more rainfall.

They are discontinuous and irregular.

They are continuous and regular, hence they possess higher elevation

The Highest peak is Mahindra Giri.

The highest peaks are Anai Mudi and Dodda Beta.

(viii) The western ghats are the highest boundary line of many Peninsula and Konkan rivers. It divides basins of the east-flowing Peninsular river from those of Konkan and Malabar river which are west-flowing rivers. Hence, western ghats are major water divides of peninsular India.


Answer the following question in detail:

How are Brazil and India different from each other in terms of location


SOLUTION

i) India is located in the northern and eastern hemispheres of the Earth. It is located in the southern part of the Asian continent.

ii) The extent of mainland India. 80° 4' 28” N to 37° 17' 53” N latitudes and between 68° 7' 53” E to 97° 24' 47” E longitudes. Indira Point is the southernmost tip of India. It is located on 6°45' N parallel.

iii) Some part of Brazil lies in the northern hemisphere while most of it lies in the southern hemisphere. Also, it lies in the western hemisphere in the northern part of the South American continent.

iv) The extent of mainland Brazil. 5° 16' 20” N to 33° 44' 32” S latitudes and between 34° 47' 30” E to 73° 59' 32” W longitudes.



Write the factors affecting climate of Brazil.

 

 

SOLUTION

i) Because of the vast latitudinal extent of Brazil, it experiences a wide range of climatic variations in climate. For example near the equator it is hot while a temperate type of climate is found near the Tropic of Capricorn. Brazil gets rainfall from the South-East Trade winds and the North-east Trade Winds.

ii) The escarpments act as an obstruction to the winds coming from the sea and cause orographic type of rainfall in the coastal region. Beyond the highlands, the effect of these winds gets reduced. iii) This region is a rainshadow region. This region is called the ‘Drought Quadrilateral’.

iv) the northern part of Brazil is hot while the temperatures in the southern part are comparatively lower. Seasonal variations are found in this pattern. Near the equator at Brazilian coast, temperature does not vary much.



Which type of occupation gives a boost to the development of a country’s economy?


SOLUTION

Economic development occurs when the national income and per capita income of the county rises. The rise in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is due to the increasing economic activities. But a boost in the national income would be with the improvement of the secondary and tertiary sector. The history of all the developed countries shows that their development is by the improvement of both the secondary and the tertiary sector. The primary sector will contribute to the development of the country only in the initial stages. Only with the transition to the secondary sectors like manufacturing and the service sector can the economy achieve growth. To achieve economic development, the economy would have to provide basic necessities to the people and improve their standard of living.



Write notes on

Modern means of communication


SOLUTION

Communication is the process of sending or receiving information from others through different means of communication. In the earlier days, letters and word-of-mouth were the only means of communication. Newspapers became a wide-spread mode with the development of the printing press. But the development of technology has accelerated the communication process in the world.

The Internet and satellites are the harbingers of today’s fast-expanding digital communication network. Information and Communication Technology (IT) is an important driving force for the success of today’s communication.

Telecommunication facilities, especially the internet, have significantly contributed to the development of communication between countries in different continents.

The development of services like e-banking has increased the pace in which transactions are carried out around the world. Today, the world is just a click away. Information is being transmitted in seconds, and the world has shrunk inside our hands.

Any information can be accessed via the internet and communication has become highly centralised through satellites. Information revolution through digital means like mobile phones and social media has also expanded the communication network between counties.

Balbharati Solutions for Social Science Geography 10th Standard SSC Maharashtra State Board

Geography 2020-2021 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution.

Model Set 1

Model Set 2

Model Set 3

Model Set 4

Model Set 5

Balbharati Solutions for Social Science Geography 10th Standard SSC Maharashtra State Board

Chapter 1: Field Visit

Chapter 2: Location and Extent

Chapter 3: Physiography and Drainage

Chapter 4: Climate

Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Chapter 6: Population

Chapter 7: Human Settlements

Chapter 8: Economy and Occupations

Chapter 9: Tourism, Transport and Communication