Rice Kheer By Amma Samayal

Rice Kheer By Amma Samayal

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

12th Tamil Public Exam 2020 Original Questions Paper With Complete Solutions.

THE BUS CONDUCTOR

THE BUS CONDUCTOR

Outline: Means of travelling in cities — the bus is the cheapest transport — the bus conductor-his duties — the public should cooperate with him — public reaction.

A well-organised transport system is a great blessing to a city dweller. In a city like Mumbai with a large population and long distances to be traversed, local trains, taxies and buses are the most Convenient modes of travelling.

Trains are overcrowded and taxies are expensive. The only vehicles in which one can travel comfortably and cheaply are the buses run by the B. E. S. T. Company. It is a large organisation and for its efficient running the driver and the bus conductor are very important persons. Thanks to their efficiency and co-operation, the buses are run safely and to scheduled timings.

The job of the bus conductor is a hard one. He has to be on his feet all the time, probably for several hours at a stretch. He has to move along the gangway from seat to seat to collect the bus fare and give the ticket. At every stop the conductor has to be at the entrance to check the impatient crowd scrambling for seats. In Mumbai, however, the queue system has come to stay, and this has vastly minimised disorderliness which prevails in other cities.

The bus conductor has to be alert all the time. He must be physically strong to endure the various hardships of his job. He must have pleasant manners, or else he will fail to control the passengers. If we want the conductor to be competent and courteous, we have to cooperate with him. The passengers should be polite and accommodating. They should not try to travel without tickets.

One often notices frequent altercations between the conductor and the travelling public. The conductor has to exercise great caution and patience in carrying out his duties. He is constantly in a state of tension, for he has to deal with people of diverse temperaments. It is up to the passengers to sympathise with the hard lot of this public servant and give him all the assistance he needs.

Difficult Words: Scheduled timings-timings written down in a list. scramble - to struggle. altercations-quarrels.

MY NEW YEAR RESOLUTION

MY NEW YEAR RESOLUTION

Outline: New year resolutions are hardly put into practice — my new year resolution to rise early — how I broke it.

The approach of a New Year stirs in us a desire to shake off old habits and to turn over a new leaf. On the eve of the New Year’s Day we resolve to give up our vicious habits, to exercise every day, to get up early in the morning, or to answer letters promptly. Making good resolutions is a wonderful experience; you feel morally elevated, while there is no call for immediate action since the resolutions are to be put into practice from tomorrow. But as everybody knows, New Year resolutions are honoured more in breach than in practice. This doesn’t mean that they deserve to be ridiculed. After all, there is bound to be a gap between promise and performance, dream and reality.

I am a late riser. Once, carried away by the advice of my elders, I made a NewYear resolution to rise early. With a tremendous effort of will I succeeded in getting up at dawn for a week. My parents complimented me on my strong will. Though I felt proud and flattered, because I was able to put a good resolution into practice, I sorely missed my morning slumber with its sweet dreams and soothing effect. While early rising was an intoxicating experience for one or two days, it was about to become a dull habit.

It was the eighth day of the New Year. The crowing of a cock woke me up with a jolt. There was a nip in the air and a cold wind was blowing outside. I was extremely reluctant to get up and remembered Macbeth’s praise of sleep ( “sleep that up the ravelled sleeve of care" and so on). But my New Year resolution stood in the way of my enjoying what seemed to me to be the greatest pleasure on earth. I thought that my New Year resolution was an artificial restriction I had imposed upon myself. It appeared to me to be a symbol of tyranny, oppression, while my desire to sleep on stood for liberty, revolution and progress. I always believed in liberty and progress, and in the struggle that took place in the arena of my mind, the forces of liberty and progress triumphed. l thus responded to the call of slumber and broke my NewYear resolution.

Difficult Words: Shake off - give up. to turn over a new leaf - to begin a new kind of life, to reform oneself. elevated - raised. breach - breaking of a rule, practice etc. carried away - influenced so as to lose self-control. sorely - badly. arena - scene of struggle or competition.

HSC ENGLISH MARCH 2020 SET A BOARD PAPER WITH SOLUTION

HSC English Question Paper 2020 Solved (Set J-301/A)

DAY: 01 SEAT NUMBER: 2020 II 18 SET: J-301/A Max. Marks: 80

SECTION - I
(Reading Skill, Grammar, Vocabulary, Note-making and Summary)

Q. 1. (A) Read the first activity, read the extract and then do all the activities: [12]

A1. Choose —
Choose the correct options which are required basically to develop the cities :

• (i) Requirement of streets and public transport system.
• (ii) Pragmatic planning about the basic services and needs of citizens.
• (iii) Preservation of heritage.
• (iv) Requirement of social infrastructure.

Answer: (ii) Pragmatic planning about the basic services and needs of citizens.
(iv) Requirement of social infrastructure.

The first requirement for a city is a pragmatic plan. Many of our cities such as Delhi and Bhubaneswar and even Port Blair in the Andamans have reasonably good master plans. Many also have City Development Plans which have been made an essential requirement to draw funds from the government’s Urban Renewal Programme (JNNURM). But they should be updated frequently based on the changing needs of its people.

And let’s not forget its citizens - they need to be more pro-actively involved when evolving master plans. But often, there’s lack of planning and inadequate implementation of systems. This applies to all essential components of a city – streets, public transport system, traffic management, affordable housing, cars and parking, drainage, water supply, sewerage and garbage. Any deficiency in these will lead to poor quality cities which won’t be able to handle the pressure of increased population and changing needs.

The second requirement of a good city is good social infrastructure such as parks and places for leisure such as rivers and sea fronts. It needs to preserve and protect its heritage. We are a nation with a rich diversity in culture, arts and crafts and cities are great platforms for that, given the right facilities. And let’s not forget good and affordable educational and healthcare facilities too.

We don’t have to look far. There are enough cities worldwide which have managed to radically improve the quality of life of its citizens. Take Singapore. It has managed to limit cars and has a very efficient transport system. Shanghai has wonderful footpaths everywhere. New York is actively developing cycling facilities in large parts, while Holland, Denmark and other Scandinavian countries have developed cities around a bicycling infrastructure, creating a complete culture around them which is humane and ecological. There is Tokyo, the world’s most populous city, which has a metro system used by 80% of the population.

A2. Complete —
Complete the following statement by choosing two correct alternatives:
Many cities in the world have managed to radically improve the quality of life of its citizens, because......

• (i) They have managed to control pollution by developing bicycling infrastructure.
• (ii) They have controlled the use of cars and encouraged the public transport system.
• (iii) They have metro system for public transportation.
• (iv) They have affordable education and healthcare facilities.

Answer: (i) They have managed to control pollution by developing bicycling infrastructure.
(ii) They have controlled the use of cars and encouraged the public transport system.

A3. Give reasons :
State the reasons why some major Indian cities are polluted, with evidences from the extract.

Answer: Some major Indian cities are polluted due to the following reasons mentioned in the extract:

1. There is often a lack of planning and inadequate implementation of systems.
2. There are deficiencies in essential components such as traffic management, drainage, sewerage, and garbage disposal.
3. These deficiencies result in poor quality cities unable to handle the pressure of increased population.

A4. Vocabulary —
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their antonyms in column ‘B’ :

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(i) preserve	(a) insufficient
(ii) enough	(b) fulfilment
(iii) essential	(c) damage
(iv) deficiency	(d) useless

Answer:

Word	Antonym
(i) preserve	(c) damage
(ii) enough	(a) insufficient
(iii) essential	(d) useless
(iv) deficiency	(b) fulfilment

A5. Personal response :
Write your opinion in about 50 words about the role of rivers and sea fronts in bringing society close.

Model Answer: Rivers and sea fronts act as vital public spaces for leisure and recreation. They provide a natural environment where people from diverse backgrounds can gather, relax, and interact, fostering a sense of community. By offering a shared space for festivals, exercise, or simple family outings, they help bridge social gaps and bring society closer together in harmony with nature.

A6. Grammar —
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :

(1) Choose the option which is the correct positive degree of the given sentence :
Tokyo is the world’s most populous city.

• (i) Very few cities in the world are as populous as Tokyo.
• (ii) Tokyo is more populous than any other city in the world.
• (iii) No other city in the world is as populous as Tokyo.
• (iv) No other city in the world is more populous as Tokyo.

Answer: (iii) No other city in the world is as populous as Tokyo.

(2) New York is actively developing cycling facilities in large parts.
(Frame Wh-question to get the underlined answer.)

Answer: What is New York actively developing in large parts?

Q. 1. (B) Grammar — [3]

Do as directed :

(1) She was serving as ______ clerk in ______ State Bank of India.
(Rewrite it using appropriate articles.)

Answer: She was serving as a clerk in the State Bank of India.

(2) Nashik city recorded 52.7 mm rain ______ the four hours ______ 3.30 pm and 7.30 pm on Friday.
(Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.)

Answer: Nashik city recorded 52.7 mm rain during the four hours between 3.30 pm and 7.30 pm on Friday.

(3) Grandpa said to Meenu, “I am going for a walk. Are you willing to come with me?”
(Change it into indirect narration.)

Answer: Grandpa told Meenu that he was going for a walk and asked her if she was willing to come with him.

12th English Board Papers

• English - February 2025 View Answer Key
• English - July 2025 View Answer Key
• English - February 2024 View Answer Key
• English - July 2024 View Answer Key
• English - February 2023 View Answer Key
• English - July 2023 View Answer Key
• English - February 2022 View Answer Key
• English - February 2022 View Answer Key
• English - July 2022 View Answer Key
• English - September 2021 View Answer Key
• English - March 2020 View
• English - March 2014 View
• English - October 2014 View
• English - March 2015 View
• English - July 2015 View
• English - March 2016 Set A View
• English - March 2016 Set B View
• English - March 2016 Set C View
• English - March 2016 Set D View
• English - July 2016 Set A View
• English - July 2016 Set B View
• English - July 2016 Set C View
• English - July 2016 Set D View
• English - March 2017 Set A View
• English - March 2017 Set B View
• English - March 2017 Set C View
• English - March 2017 Set D View
• English - July 2017 Set A View
• English - March 2018 Set A View
• English - March 2018 Set B View
• English - March 2018 Set C View
• English - March 2018 Set D View
• English - March 2019 Set A View
• English - March 2019 Set B View
• English - March 2019 Set C View
• English - March 2019 Set D View

Q. 2. (A) Read the first activity, read the extract and then do all the activities: [12]

A1. Choose —
Choose two sentences that appropriately mention the theme of the passage :

• (i) The same scale should not be used for all to measure their performance.
• (ii) Private schools are good to develop individual’s interest.
• (iii) The same curriculum should be given to all for better results.
• (iv) Trying for all the subjects irrespective of the individual’s interest may lead to frustration.

Answer: (i) The same scale should not be used for all to measure their performance.
(iv) Trying for all the subjects irrespective of the individual’s interest may lead to frustration.

Once upon a time, the animals decided they must do something heroic to meet the problems of a “new world”, so they organized a school. They adopted an activity curriculum consisting of running, climbing, swimming and flying. To make it easier to administer the curriculum, all the animals took all the subjects.

The duck was excellent in swimming. In fact, better than his instructor. But he made only passing grades in flying and was very poor in running. Since he was slow in running, he had to stay after school and also drop swimming in order to practise running. This was kept up until his webbed feet were badly worn and he was only average in swimming. But average was acceptable in school so nobody worried about that, except the duck.

The rabbit started at the top of the class in running but had a nervous breakdown because of so much make up work in swimming.

The squirrel was excellent in climbing until he developed frustration in the flying class where his teacher made him start from the ground up instead of the treetop down. He also developed a “Charlie horse” from overexertion and then got a C in climbing and D in running.

The eagle was a problem child and was disciplined severely. In the climbing class, he beat all the others to the top of the tree but insisted on using his own way to get there.

At the end of the year, an abnormal eel that could swim exceedingly well and also run, climb and fly a little, had the highest average and was valedictorian.

The prairie dogs stayed out of school and fought the tax levy because the administration would not add digging and burrowing to the curriculum.

A2. Complete —
Complete the following statements by giving suitable reasons :

(i) The duck was average in swimming, because....

Answer: The duck was average in swimming, because his webbed feet were badly worn from having to stay after school and drop swimming to practise running.

(ii) The squirrel could score only C in climbing, because ................

Answer: The squirrel could score only C in climbing, because he developed a "Charlie horse" from overexertion in the flying class.

A3. Guess :
Guess the result of the prairie dogs if they had been given admission in the animal school and support your guessing with the facts from the extract.

Answer: If the prairie dogs had been given admission, they would likely have failed or performed poorly because the curriculum did not include digging and burrowing, which were their natural strengths. Like the other animals, they would have been forced to practice running, swimming, or flying, leading to frustration and potential failure.

A4. Vocabulary —
Fill in the blanks with appropriate words given in the box and rewrite :
[ valedictorian, curriculum, frustration, administer ]

(i) Varun who topped the college was declared ......

(ii) The .......... of the school should involve more activity subjects.

(iii) Poor performance in the exams develop ............ among the students.

(iv) It’s necessary to ........... the programme, so that it will be successful.

Answer: (i) valedictorian
(ii) curriculum
(iii) frustration
(iv) administer

A5. Personal response —
Suggest in about 50 words at least two ways to make the learning enjoyable.

Model Answer: To make learning enjoyable, schools should adopt a flexible curriculum that allows students to choose subjects based on their interests and aptitudes, rather than a "one size fits all" approach. Additionally, incorporating practical, activity-based learning and gamification can make the process engaging and less stressful than rote memorization.

A6. Grammar —
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :

(i) The eagle was a problem child and was disciplined severely.
(Make it a complex sentence.)

Answer: As the eagle was a problem child, he was disciplined severely. (OR) The eagle, who was a problem child, was disciplined severely.

(ii) An abnormal eel could swim exceedingly well.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘able to’.)

Answer: An abnormal eel was able to swim exceedingly well.

Q. 2. (B) Note-making — [3]

Read the following extract and complete the notes given below:

Sudha Murthy was born on 19 August, 1950; in Shiggaon in Karnataka. She and her siblings were raised by her parents and maternal grandparents. She completed B.E. in Electrical Engineering from B.V. B. College of Engineering and Technology, standing first in her class and receiving a gold medal from the Chief Minister of Karnataka. She completed M.E. in Computer Science from the Indian Institute of Science, standing first in her class and receiving a gold medal from the Indian Institute of Engineers.

Sudha Murthy became the first female engineer hired at India’s largest auto manufacturer TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO) as a Development Engineer. She later joined Walchand Group of Industries at Pune as a Senior System Analyst. In 1996, she started Infosys Foundation and has been a Visiting Professor at the P. G. centre of Bangalore University.

Sudha Murthy’s work covers the healthcare, education, empowerment of women and public hygiene at the grassroot level. Her vision of a library for each school has resulted in the setting of 50,000 libraries so far. She is helping out rural areas by building 10,000 public toilets and several hundred toilets in the city of Bangalore. Infosys Foundation is a public charitable trust founded in 1996 and Sudha Murthy is one of the trustees. Through the foundation she has built 2,300 houses in the flood affected areas.

Sudha Murthy

B1. Early life and education —

(i) Birthplace : Shiggaon in Karnataka

(ii) Education : ♦ B.E. from B.V. B. College of Engineering, with gold medal.

        : M.E. in Computer Science from Indian Institute of Science, with gold medal from Indian Institute of Engineers.

B2. Career

: ♦ Senior System Analyst in Walchand Group of Industries, Pune.

  ♦ First female engineer at TELCO / Started Infosys Foundation / Visiting Professor at Bangalore University.

B3. Social activities

: ♦ Set 50,000 libraries

  ♦ Several hundred toilets in Bangalore

  ♦ Built 2,300 houses in flood affected areas / Built 10,000 public toilets in rural areas.

Q. 3. (A) Read the first activity, read the extract and then do all the activities: [12]

A1. True or False —
State whether the following statements are true or false :

• (i) Animal manure does not have any evil effect on groundwater.
• (ii) Pollution related health consequences depend on the immunity of the exposed population.
• (iii) Only mercury is to be blamed for kidney damage.
• (iv) Soil contamination is a potential health hazard.

Answer: (i) False
(ii) True
(iii) False
(iv) True

Contaminated or polluted soil affects human health through direct contact with soil or via inhalation of soil contaminants which have vaporized. Potentially greater threats are posed by the infiltration of soil contamination into groundwater aquifers. This tends to result in the development of pollution-related diseases.

Health hazards cause due to soil contamination very greatly depending on the pollutant type and vulnerability of the exposed population. Constant exposure to chromium, lead, petroleum, many pesticides and herbicide formulations can be carcinogenic and can cause congenital disorders or other chronic health conditions. Industrial or man-made concentrations of naturally occurring substances, such as nitrate and ammonia associated with livestock manure has also been identified as health hazards in soil and groundwater.

Chronic exposure to benzene at sufficient concentration is known to be associated with higher incidences of leukemia. Mercury and cyclodines are known to induce higher incidences of kidney damage and some irreversible diseases. Organophosphates and carbonates can induce a chain of responses leading to neuromuscular blockage. Many chlorinated solvents induce liver changes, kidney changes and depression of the central nervous system. There is an entire spectrum of further health effects such as headache, nausea, fatigue, eye-irritation and skin rash for the above cited and other chemicals. At sufficient dosages a large number of soil contaminants can cause death by exposure via direct contact, inhalation or ingestion of contaminants in groundwater contaminated through soil.

A2. Explain:
Explain from the given extract how soil pollution affects drinking water.

Answer: Soil pollution affects drinking water through the infiltration of soil contamination into groundwater aquifers. Man-made concentrations of substances like nitrate and ammonia from livestock manure, as well as industrial chemicals, seep through the soil into the groundwater, contaminating the water sources that people rely on for drinking.

A3. Find out :
Find out the reasons from the passage why we should avoid chemicals to kill insects.

Answer: We should avoid chemicals like pesticides and herbicides because constant exposure to their formulations can be carcinogenic, cause congenital disorders, and lead to other chronic health conditions. Specifically, organophosphates can cause neuromuscular blockage, and cyclodienes can induce kidney damage.

A4. Vocabulary —
Match the pairs of the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’ :

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(i) infiltration	(a) process of eating, drinking or using
(ii) inhalation	(b) action of increasing strength of solution
(iii) consumption	(c) passing of liquid through
(iv) concentration	(d) breathing air in

Answer:

Word	Meaning
(i) infiltration	(c) passing of liquid through
(ii) inhalation	(d) breathing air in
(iii) consumption	(a) process of eating, drinking or using
(iv) concentration	(b) action of increasing strength of solution

A5. Personal response :
Suggest two steps to keep away from the use of chemicals in home.

Model Answer: 1. Use natural cleaning agents like vinegar, baking soda, and lemon instead of harsh chemical cleaners.
2. Opt for organic fruits and vegetables to reduce exposure to pesticide residues and wash all produce thoroughly before consumption.

A6. Grammar —
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :

(i) Potentially greater threats are posed by the infiltration of soil contamination.
(Begin with -‘The infiltration of soil contamination ........’ and rewrite.)

Answer: The infiltration of soil contamination poses potentially greater threats.

(ii) There is an entire spectrum of further health effects.
(Rewrite, using Present Perfect Tense)

Answer: There has been an entire spectrum of further health effects.

Q. 3. (B) Summary — [3]

Summarise the above extract with the help of the points given and suggest a suitable title :
Health and groundwater problem - bad effects of chemicals - industrial and man-made concentration - pollutants related diseases.

Model Summary:

The Hazards of Soil Contamination

Soil contamination poses severe risks to human health, primarily through direct contact, inhalation, or the infiltration of pollutants into groundwater aquifers. This contamination, stemming from industrial chemicals, pesticides, and livestock manure, leads to pollution-related diseases. Exposure to substances like benzene, mercury, and lead can cause cancer, kidney damage, congenital disorders, and neuromuscular blockage. Ultimately, these man-made and industrial pollutants can be fatal if ingested through contaminated groundwater.

SECTION - II
(Poetry)

Q. 4. Read the following extract and then do all the activities that follow: [8]

Is it the sword? Ask the red dust Of empires passed away; The blood has turned their stones to rust, Their glory to decay. And is it pride? Ah, that bright crown Has seemed to nations sweet; But God has struck its luster down In ashes at his feet. Not gold but only men can make A people great and strong; Men who for truth and honor’s sake Stand fast and suffer long. Brave men who work while others sleep, Who dare while others fly......... They build a nation's pillars deep And lift them to the sky.

A1. Web —
Complete the web by listing the activities brave men do for their nation :

Answer:

stand fast

suffer long

Brave Men

work while others sleep

dare while others fly

A2. Poetic device —
Figure of speech : 'Is it sword?'
Identify the figure of speech in the above line and find out one more example of the same figure of speech and write it.

Answer: Interrogation (or Rhetorical Question).
Another example: "And is it pride?"

A3. Personal response :
Explain, in about 50 words, what your contribution would be to make India great.

Model Answer: To make India great, I will strive to be a responsible and honest citizen. I will focus on my education to contribute professionally to the nation's economy. Additionally, I will participate in social initiatives like cleanliness drives and promote unity and tolerance within my community to strengthen the social fabric of the country.

A4. Creativity :
Men who for truth and honor’s sake
stand fast and suffer long
...........................................................
...........................................................
Add two lines of your own maintaining ‘abab’ rhyme scheme.

Model Answer: Men who for truth and honor’s sake
stand fast and suffer long
For them the earth will never shake,
And history acts as their song.

SECTION - III
(Rapid Reading and Composition)

Q. 5. (A) Read the extract and do the activities that follow : [4]

The little daisy was as happy as if the day had been a great holiday, but it was only Monday. All the children were at school, and while they were sitting on the forms and learning their lessons, it sat on its thin green stalk and learnt from the sun and from its surroundings how kind God is, and it rejoiced that the song of the little lark expressed so sweetly and distinctly its own feelings. With a sort of reverence, the daisy looked up to the bird that could fly and sing, but it did not feel envious. “I can see and hear,” it thought; “the sun shines upon me, and the forest kisses me. How rich I am!”

In the garden close by grew many large and magnificent flowers, and strange to say, the less fragrance they had the haughtier and prouder they were. The peonies puffed themselves up in order to be larger than the roses, but size is not everything! The tulips had the finest colours, and they knew it well, too, for they were standing bolt upright like candles, that one might see them the better. In their pride, they did not see the little daisy, which looked over to them and thought, “How rich and beautiful they are! I am sure the pretty bird will fly down and call upon them. Thank God, that I stand so near, and can at least see all the splendour.” And while the daisy was still thinking, the lark came flying down, crying “Tweet”, but not to the peonies and tulips - no, into the grass to the poor daisy. Its joy was so great that it did not know what to think. The little bird hopped round it and sang, “How beautifully soft the grass is, and what a lovely little flower with its golden heart and silver dress is growing here.”

A1. Complete —
Complete the following sentences :

(i) The daisy was learning the lesson that ______.

Answer: The daisy was learning the lesson that God is kind.

(ii) The names of the flowers without fragrance were ______.

Answer: The names of the flowers without fragrance were peonies and tulips.

(iii) For daisy, the lark would come down to the tulips and peonies, because they were _____

Answer: For daisy, the lark would come down to the tulips and peonies, because they were rich and beautiful.

(iv) The lark praised ______ and ______ .

Answer: The lark praised the soft grass and the lovely little flower (daisy).

A2. Write a gist :
Write a gist of the extract in about 50 words.

Model Answer: The extract highlights the contrast between the humble, happy daisy and the proud, scentless garden flowers like peonies and tulips. While the arrogant flowers show off, a singing lark ignores them and instead lands in the grass to praise the simple beauty of the daisy, bringing it immense joy.

Q. 5. (B) Read the extract and do the activities that follow : [4]

Charles had just fought three other young men and had nearly killed them. It seemed certain that Orlando would be treated in the same way. And so the two girls spoke to the tall, good-looking young man, begging him not to fight.

‘You have seen cruel proof of this man’s strength’, said Celia. ‘We pray you for your own sake to give up this fight. Do not run such a risk!’

‘Please do what we ask, young sir,’ said Rosalind. ‘No one will call you a coward. We will ask the Duke to stop the wrestling’.

But Orlando answered : ‘Please do not be angry if I refuse to do what you ask. It is not easy to say no to ladies who are so beautiful and gentle. But let your fair eyes and gentle wishes go with me to my trial. No one will be sorry if I am killed, because I have no friends to love me. I fill up a place in the world which may be better filled by another man if I leave it empty’.

‘I wish I could give you the little strength I have,’ said Rosalind, and Celia added : ‘And mine, too, to help out hers.’

The wrestler Charles arrived and Celia looked at him angrily. ‘I wish I were invisible, to catch that strong fellow by the leg!’ she whispered to her cousin.

The wrestling match began, and everyone expected the Duke’s wrestler to win. He was a huge man, and Orlando looked like a young schoolboy beside him. But to everyone’s surprise, Orlando, after a struggle, lifted Charles in his arms and threw him onto the ground.

B1. Complete —
Complete the following chart :

Characters	Appearance	Behaviour
Charles	—	—
Orlando	—	—

Answer:

Characters	Appearance	Behaviour
Charles	Huge man	Cruel / Strong
Orlando	Tall, good-looking, looks like a young schoolboy	Gentle / Brave / Humble

B2. Provide imaginary ending :
Provide a different ending to the extract in about 50 words.

Model Answer: As Charles lunged forward, Orlando sidestepped, but Charles was too quick and pinned him down. The crowd gasped. Just as Charles was about to deliver a final blow, he stopped, impressed by Orlando's courage. He offered a hand to Orlando, declaring the match a draw, and the two walked off as friends.

SECTION - IV
(Written Communication)

Q. 6. (A) Letter Writing — [4]

Write any ONE of the following letters :

(1) Mohan / Mohini Pande, Roll No. 74, of class XII (Arts) has to attend his / her sister’s wedding ceremony held at his / her hometown and needs a leave of absence for 5 days. Imagine yourself to be Mohan / Mohini and write a letter to the Principal, SPW Arts and Commerce College, Akola, requesting him to grant the leave of absence for 5 days.

OR

(2) Your junior college is situated on a narrow but busy road causing traffic congestion and pollution. Noisy horns and constant traffic disturb the classes. Write a letter of complaint to the Chief Officer, Municipality of your town and suggest some solutions.

Model Answer (Option 1 - Application for Leave):

Mohan Pande,
Roll No. 74, Class XII (Arts),
SPW Arts and Commerce College,
Akola.

18th February 2020

To,
The Principal,
SPW Arts and Commerce College,
Akola.

Subject: Application for leave of absence for 5 days.

Respected Sir,

I am Mohan Pande, a student of Class XII (Arts), Roll No. 74. I am writing to respectfully request a leave of absence from college for five days, from 20th February to 24th February 2020.

My elder sister's wedding ceremony is scheduled to take place at our hometown during this period. As a family member, my presence and participation in the ceremonies are essential. I need to assist my parents with the arrangements and attend the various functions.

I assure you that I have completed my current assignments and will cover any missed lessons promptly upon my return. I humbly request you to grant me leave for these days.

Thanking you,

Yours obediently,
Mohan Pande
(Class XII Arts, Roll No. 74)

Q. 6. (B) Write on any ONE of the following items : [4]

(1) Appeal —
In the horrible flood situation, the Kerala state sufferred a huge loss. Your organisation has arranged a rally to raise funds to help the flood-affected people in Kerala. Prepare an appeal for the people to contribute to the funds with the help of the following points :

• Purpose of the rally
• Time and place of the rally
• Leading personalities
• Request for donation
• Add your own points

OR

(2) News writing —
Draft a news on any ONE of the following headlines, giving dateline, intro and a continuing paragraph :
(i) Teacher’s Day celebrated in Adarsh School
(ii) Strike of Bus Drivers Paralyses State

Model Answer (Option 1 - Appeal):

HELP KERALA RISE AGAIN!

"A little help goes a long way."

The devastating floods in Kerala have left thousands homeless and helpless. It is time for humanity to stand together.

Join the 'Relief Rally'

Organized by: Youth For Change

Date: 25th February 2020
Time: 9:00 AM
Venue: Azad Maidan to Town Hall

Chief Guest: Famous Social Worker, Mr. A. K. Sharma

We appeal to all citizens to join us in large numbers. Please contribute generously:

• ✔ Money (Cheque/Cash)
• ✔ Clothes & Blankets
• ✔ Dry Food & Medicines

Every rupee counts! Let's rebuild lives together.

Contact: 9876543210 for donations.

Q. 6. (C) Write on any ONE of the following items : [4]

(1) Counter-view —
Read the following View Section and develop a Counter-view Section in about 120 words. Suggest a suitable title :

View Section
‘Mobiles should be allowed in classrooms’

• Mobiles are good source of information
• They are easy to handle
• They provide videos to understand the topic
• Information can be easily exchanged.

OR

(2) Information transfer —
Look at the tree diagram given below and write a short paragraph about Kaldhari in about 120 words. Suggest a suitable title :

Kaldhari
1. Cleanliness -> cement concretised central road
2. Energy sources -> Solar and wind energy -> tap water
3. Milk Co-operatives -> Milk chilling centres
4. Rainwater harvesting -> tree plantation -> public lavatories
5. Massive awareness drive -> anti-alcohol drive

(Note: Diagram depicts Kaldhari's achievements in Cleanliness, Energy, Milk Co-ops, Water Harvesting, and Awareness)

Model Answer (Option 1 - Counter-View):

Mobiles in Classrooms: A Distraction, Not a Tool

While some argue that mobile phones facilitate learning, allowing them in classrooms is detrimental to the educational environment. Firstly, mobiles are a massive source of distraction. Instead of focusing on the lecture, students are likely to check social media or play games. Secondly, the 'ease of handling' often translates to ease of cheating during exams. Furthermore, while videos can explain topics, relying on screens reduces direct interaction between teachers and students, which is vital for character building. Lastly, not every student can afford high-end smartphones, creating an economic divide and inferiority complex among peers. Therefore, classrooms should remain a gadget-free zone to ensure discipline and focus.

Q. 7. (A) Interview questions : [4]

Your college has invited a dietitian on the occasion of ‘World Health Day’. Imagine you are the editor of your college magazine, taking interview of the dietitian. Frame a set of 8 to 10 questions to interview him / her.

Model Answer:

Interview with a Dietitian on World Health Day

1. Good morning, Sir/Madam. Could you please tell us what inspired you to become a dietitian?
2. On this World Health Day, what is the most important message you would like to give to our students?
3. In today's fast-paced life, students often skip breakfast. How harmful is this habit?
4. What constitutes a 'balanced diet' for a teenager?
5. Junk food addiction is a major issue today. How can students overcome cravings for fast food?
6. Is it necessary to take health supplements, or can natural food provide all nutrients?
7. How much water should an average student drink daily to stay hydrated and focused?
8. Does diet play a role in managing exam stress and improving concentration?
9. What is your opinion on the 'fad diets' that are popular on social media?
10. Lastly, could you suggest a simple, healthy snack that students can carry to college?

Q. 7. (B) Speech drafting — [3]

Imagine your college is organising a speech competition on the topic ‘Disappearing Birds’. Prepare a speech in about 100 words with the help of the following points :

• (i) Role of birds
• (ii) Causes behind their disappearance
• (iii) Ways to call them back
• (iv) Add your ideas.

Model Answer:

Save Our Winged Friends

Respected Principal, teachers, and my dear friends,

Today, I stand before you to speak on a concerning issue—'Disappearing Birds'. Birds are not just beautiful creatures; they are the farmers of nature. They control pests, pollinate flowers, and spread seeds, maintaining the ecological balance.

However, we see fewer of them today. Why? The rampant cutting of trees has destroyed their homes. Excessive use of pesticides poisons their food, and the radiation from mobile towers interferes with their navigation. Urban noise and pollution are driving them away.

But it’s not too late. We can call them back. Let us plant more native trees, keep water bowls on our balconies, and stop using chemical pesticides in our gardens. Let us pledge today to protect our winged friends before they vanish from our skies forever.

Thank you.

Question Paper

Solutions

Answer Key: Below are the official board papers with solutions.

Chapter 3: Applied History Balbharati solutions for Social Science History and Civics 10th Standard SSC Maharashtra State Board

Chapter 3: Applied History

Complete the sentence by choosing the correct option. 

1. The earliest museum in the world was discovered in the excavations at the city of ________

Delhi 

Harappa 

Ur 

Kolkata 

2.The National Archives of India is in _________

Delhi 

Kolkata 

Mumbai 

Chennai

Identify the wrong pair in the following, correct it and rewrite. 

Kootiyattam – Sanskrit theatre, Kerala

Ramman – Dance form in West Bengal

Ramlila – Traditional Performance of the Ramayana in Uttar Pradesh

Kalbelia – Folk songs and dances of Rajasthan. 

SOLUTION

The correct pair is Ramman – religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas.

Explanation – 1. Ramman is a religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas.

2. It is an intangible heritage in which the religious festival is demonstrated in the form of Ritual theatre.

3. It is performed in Saloor Dungra village, in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand and this festival is only performed here.

Explain the following concept :

1. Applied History 

SOLUTION

History is the narration of past events. It is always considered that history is for the students or the scholars who are pursuing it. But this is not true. One can also include it in meaningful ways in their everyday life. Thus, applied history is also known as ‘Public History’ which deals with the study of the application of history which is useful for our future generation and contemporary beings.

2. Archives

SOLUTION

Archives is a place where historical documents are kept and preserved. All types of historical documents are preserved which gives us information about all the aspects of human life. Every state maintains their archives independently. Example – the Maharashtra state archives in Mumbai, Bihar state archives in Patna, etc. The National Archives of India is in New Delhi in 1972.

Answer the following in 25-30 words.

1. Explain the concept of ‘Public History’

SOLUTION

1. Applied history is also known as ‘Public History.’

2. One can include it in meaningful ways in their everyday life.

3. It deals with the study of the application of history which is useful for our future generation and contemporary beings.

4. It is the implication of the historical method in various fields such as in private corporations, in government institutions, etc.

5. Through the knowledge of history, one can find solutions to contemporary issues and social planning.

2. What is the role of UNESCO in the context of heritage sites?

SOLUTION

1. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) is a global organisation which has specified some directives for the educational, cultural and scientific promotion of the heritage sites globally.

2. On the basis of these directives, many sites and traditions are chosen as world heritage sites and natural heritage.

3. They have listed some of the sites in India as world heritage sites which are- Elephanta caves in (Maharashtra), Hampi (Karnataka), Humayun’s Tomb, Delhi, Qutb Minar, and its Monuments, Delhi and many more.

3.Find out the world cultural heritage sites located in Maharashtra and write their names.

SOLUTION

The world cultural heritage sites located in Maharashtra are as follows–

(i) Ajanta Caves

(ii) Ellora Caves

(iii) Elephanta Caves

(iv) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus formerly Victoria terminus

(v) Western Ghats (Kaas plateau in District Satara)

4. Complete the Following Concept Chart.

SOLUTION

Cultural Heritage

 

Tangible	Intangible
Ancient building	Oral Traditions and their language
Building	Traditional Knowledge
Artifacts	Social customs and rituals
Manuscripts	Styles of performing arts
Sculptures	Traditional skills
Paintings	Customs , skills and traditions of certain groups and customs.

Explain the following statement giving reason. 

1. It is essential to study the history of technology. 

SOLUTION

It is essential to study the history of technology due to the following reasons –

1. It helps in understanding the changes that happened in the field of agricultural production, commodity production, architecture, engineering, etc.

2. The development in technology and science promoted the Mechanisation of production.

3. To understand the development happened in the mechanisation.

4. To understand the relation between science and technology.

5. The knowledge of technology is important to come up with scientific discoveries.

6. To understand the discoveries happened from Stone Age to the modern world, the knowledge of history is important.

2.The list of world Heritage Sites is announced by UNESCO.

SOLUTION

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), is a global organization which has specified some directives for the educational, cultural and scientific promotion of the world heritage sites. A list of World Heritage Sites is announced by UNESCO as they choose the sites as the world or natural heritage sites according to the implementation of their directives. In India, there are a number of world heritage sites such as - Hampi in Karnataka, Humayun's Tomb in Delhi, Khajuraho temples in Madhya Pradesh, etc.

6. Write elaborate answers .

1.How is the method of history useful in the research of 

(a) Science 

(b) Arts 

(c) Management Studies 

SOLUTION

(a) Science – The method of history useful in the research of science in the following ways –

1.  To understand the chronology of the scientific inventions and the related theories.

2.  To understand the causes that led to the invention of such theories.

3.  To understand the ways through which the particular invention happened, also to know about the chronology.

4.  Many discoveries happened because of the fact human beings were aware of the scientific phenomenon.

(b) Arts – The method of history is useful in the research of arts in the following ways –

1. To have knowledge of the different forms of art through the study of the styles and the expressions and to understand it on the basis of intellectual, emotional and cultural traditions.

2. The knowledge of cultural history will help us to understand the character of the artist, and the expressions of any art forms.

(c) Management Studies – The method of history useful in the research of Management Studies in the following ways –

1. To understand the different aspects of the means of production, human resources, processes of production and market and sales management.

2. To understand the temperament of the people working in the chain of production and in the market for a healthy lifestyle.

3. To gain knowledge of the social, and the economic institution that supports the management of these chains of production.

4. The process of Management becomes easy with the knowledge of Management studies.

2.How can we correlate applied history with our present?

SOLUTION

1. Many inventions and discoveries have taken place in the present times.

2. We discovered the history of our ancestors which connects us to our heritage and the cultural glory of our land.

3. We develop the curiosity to search for their lifestyle and feel connected to them.

4. This is a heritage culture that we need to preserve for our future generations.

5. Applied history is one such subject which helps in the preservation and the conservation of our culture and history so that it will be available for the people and for our future generation.

6. This, in turn, leads to heritage management which creates employment opportunities.

7. Thus, through this subject, we can gain knowledge of our present culture through the history of the past.

3.Suggest at least 10 solutions for preservation of the sources of history. 

SOLUTION

The ten solutions for preservation of the sources of history are as follows –

1. It is necessary to handle the sources of history very carefully.

2. It should be archived properly.

3. Controlling the environmental factors (dust, air, etc.) to preserve the sources of history properly.

4. Precautions should be taken while handling dusty and fragile sources.

5. Also, preservation can be made by digitalising all the sources. It means to computerize all the information so that it can be easily accessible to the people in future too.

6. Frequent renovation should happen in the places (library, museums, and archives) where the source of history are preserved.

7. Awareness campaigns should be conducted so that the people should have the knowledge about the preservation of the sources of history.

8. Knowledge of science will help to preserve the sources through chemical treatments.

9. Meetings and surveys should be conducted to create awareness among the students.

10. Volunteering to preserve the sources should be encouraged.

4.What objectives can be fulfilled through the heritage projects. 

SOLUTION

The objectives that can be fulfilled through the heritage projects are as follows –

1. We can preserve our heritage culture and traditions to make it accessible for our future generation.

2. To promote the heritage of our land systematically

3. Heritage management will create a number of employment opportunities.

4. Will create awareness regarding the history of past.

5. Will stimulate curiosity to discover more about the past culture.

6. Will promote the scientific, educational and cultural aspect of the heritage projects.

7. Will lead to the development in the cultural tourism.

8. It will help in developing the critical view of our history.

9. Will generate interest to develop the cultural thought and the traditions which our ancestors dealt with.

SSC 10th History Maharashtra State Board Latest Syllabus. 

SSC 10th History Maharashtra State Board Latest Syllabus. 

HISTORY: NEW SYLLABUS

1. Historiography : Development in the West. 

2. Historiography : Indian Tradition ............... 

3. Applied History ........................................... 

4. History of Indian Arts ................................. 

5. Mass Media and History ............................. 

6. Entertainment and History .......................... 

7. Sports and History ....................................... 

8. Tourism and History.................................... 

9. Heritage Management.................................

History and Political Science Important Question Paper for Board Exam 2020

History Important Choose the correct option for board exam 2020 [10 SETS]

History: Write short notes on: Important for Board Exam 2020.

HISTORY Board Papers

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