Write the negation of the following statement.
All the stars are shining if it is night.
SOLUTION
Let q : All stars are shining.
p : It is night.
The given statement in symbolic form is p → q. It’s negation is ~ (p → q) ≡ p ∧ ~ q
∴ The negation of a given statement is ‘It is night and some stars are not shining’.