Class 12th Physics Part Ii CBSE Solution
Exercises- In an n-type silicon, which of the following statement is true:A. Electrons are majority…
- Which of the statements given in Exercise 14.1 is true for p-type semiconductors.A.…
- Carbon, silicon and germanium have four valence electrons each. These are characterised by…
- In an unbiased p-n junction, holes diffuse from the p-region to n-region becauseA. free…
- When a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction, itA. raises the potential barrier. B.…
- For transistor action, which of the following statements are correct:A. Base, emitter and…
- For a transistor amplifier, the voltage gainA. remains constant for all frequencies. B. is…
- In half-wave rectification, what is the output frequency if the Input frequency is 50 Hz.…
- For a CE-transistor amplifier, the audio signal voltage across the collected resistance of…
- Two amplifiers are connected one after the other in series (cascaded). The first amplifier…
- A p-n photodiode is fabricated from a semiconductor with the band gap of 2.8 eV. Can it…
Additional Exercises- The number of silicon atoms per m^3 is 5 × 10^28 . This is doped simultaneously with 5 ×…
- In an intrinsic semiconductor, the energy gap Eg is 1.2eV. Its hole mobility is much…
- In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as Where I0 is called the reverse…
- You are given the two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.44. Show that circuit (a) acts as OR…
- Write the truth table for a NAND gate connected as given in Fig. 14.45. Hence identify the…
- You are given two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.46, which consist of NAND gates. Identify…
- Write the truth table for circuit given in Fig. 14.47 below consisting of NOR gates and…
- Write the truth table for the circuits given in Fig. 14.48 consisting of NOR gates only.…
- In an n-type silicon, which of the following statement is true:A. Electrons are majority…
- Which of the statements given in Exercise 14.1 is true for p-type semiconductors.A.…
- Carbon, silicon and germanium have four valence electrons each. These are characterised by…
- In an unbiased p-n junction, holes diffuse from the p-region to n-region becauseA. free…
- When a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction, itA. raises the potential barrier. B.…
- For transistor action, which of the following statements are correct:A. Base, emitter and…
- For a transistor amplifier, the voltage gainA. remains constant for all frequencies. B. is…
- In half-wave rectification, what is the output frequency if the Input frequency is 50 Hz.…
- For a CE-transistor amplifier, the audio signal voltage across the collected resistance of…
- Two amplifiers are connected one after the other in series (cascaded). The first amplifier…
- A p-n photodiode is fabricated from a semiconductor with the band gap of 2.8 eV. Can it…
- The number of silicon atoms per m^3 is 5 × 10^28 . This is doped simultaneously with 5 ×…
- In an intrinsic semiconductor, the energy gap Eg is 1.2eV. Its hole mobility is much…
- In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as Where I0 is called the reverse…
- You are given the two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.44. Show that circuit (a) acts as OR…
- Write the truth table for a NAND gate connected as given in Fig. 14.45. Hence identify the…
- You are given two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.46, which consist of NAND gates. Identify…
- Write the truth table for circuit given in Fig. 14.47 below consisting of NOR gates and…
- Write the truth table for the circuits given in Fig. 14.48 consisting of NOR gates only.…
Exercises
Question 1.In an n-type silicon, which of the following statement is true:
A. Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
B. Electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
C. Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
D. Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
Answer:In an n-type silicon holes are minority carriers and pentavalent
atoms are the dopants as it is formed by doping of a pentavalent atom in a tetravalent crystal.
Pentavalent atoms have an excess electron than a tetravalent atom, hence a number of holes are less than the number of electrons. So, holes are the minority carriers.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Question 2.Which of the statements given in Exercise 14.1 is true for p-type semiconductors.
A. Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
B. Electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
C. Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
D. Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
Answer:In a p-type semiconductor holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are dopants as it is formed by doping of a trivalent atom in a tetravalent crystal.
Trivalent atoms have an electron less than a tetravalent atom, hence a number of holes are greater than the number of electrons (As Absence of electron represents hole).So, holes are the majority carriers.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Question 3.Carbon, silicon and germanium have four valence electrons each. These are characterised by valence and conduction bands separated by energy band gap respectively equal to (Eg)C, (Eg)Si and (Eg)Ge. Which of the following statements is true?
A. (Eg)Si< (Eg)Ge< (Eg)C
B. (Eg)C< (Eg)Ge> (Eg)Si
C. (Eg)C> (Eg)Si> (Eg)Ge
D. (Eg)C = (Eg)Si = (Eg)Ge
Answer:For an insulator, the band gap energy is always higher, (Eg≈ 6ev). And in case of silicon and germanium, silicon has higher energy gap than germanium. (This is experimental data.)
Question 4.In an unbiased p-n junction, holes diffuse from the p-region to n-region because
A. free electrons in the n-region attract them.
B. they move across the junction by the potential difference.
C. hole concentration in p-region is more as compared to n- region.
D. All the above.
Answer:In an unbiased p-n junction diode, the holes diffuse from the p-region to the n-region because of the difference in their concentration in the regions. Holes concentration is more in p-region, hence to achieve equilibrium they diffuse towards less concentrated n-region.
Question 5.When a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction, it
A. raises the potential barrier.
B. reduces the majority carrier current to zero.
C. lowers the potential barrier.
D. None of the above.
Answer:When a forward bias voltage is applied, The N-region is attached to the negative terminal of the battery and the P-region is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. Negative-negative and positive-positive repulsion occur on both sides, so it opposes the junction barrier voltage, hence the barrier voltage is reduced/lowered. The diagram of a diode in forward bias is shown as below:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Question 6.For transistor action, which of the following statements are correct:
A. Base, emitter and collector regions should have similar size and doping concentrations.
B. The base region must be very thin and lightly doped.
C. The emitter junction is forward biased and collector junction is reverse biased.
D. Both the emitter junction as well as the collector junction are forward biased.
Answer:The base region is made very thin and lightly doped, as it’s the main function is to control the flow of electron through the transistor. It’s lightly doped hence less number of majority carriers will be there resulting in a lesser percentage of emitter current flow through the base than the collector. That’s why base current is negligibly small.
Also, emitter junction is always forward biased and collector junction is reverse biased. This setup results in the transistor being in the active region. Otherwise, no current flows through the transistor. (Cut-off or saturation region)
Hence, both B) and C) are correct.
Question 7.For a transistor amplifier, the voltage gain
A. remains constant for all frequencies.
B. is high at high and low frequencies and constant in the middle frequency range.
C. is low at high and low frequencies and constant at mid frequencies.
D. None of the above
Answer:The gain is maximum and constant in mid frequency ranges and is low at both high and low-frequency ranges. The figure gives the Distribution of a transistor-amplifier gain over a frequency range.
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAhUAAAEMCAYAAABz1USwAABFoUlEQVR4nO2dDWhb6bnnH4FS5OIUpWgGdbCFPXhAKdEQl2SYlPFwJcZFumygLuhCWKZLLDaX3sG97BbpclvuDruld0DidrhjegMOstkN1LCCZlgvK1ENcmhCEyahE6pwI6ipjWRmzMQ0ZsbMmFZw9jzn6Oh86OhIsvWt/w9mHJ2P97ySjt73f573+bATAAAAAEAbsPe6AwAAAAAYDiAqAAAAANAWICoAAAAA0BZ6KiqEYlIIeVIULqYp4rHZTtSWUBRWQx6KUJKK6UUSm2vY3nHOAQAAAIA5xxYVsiCIUEa7MZojSgSanphtnoh0bMZz8rm8tHqtrjgoJoOCJ5KhYLJImYh6MZtN/ncuGhGurc6fuA8AAADAKHMsUSHkooIoCEQNIVAmIE/g8lP/NXEGF4STWh1a7o+QE2K2OCWLtYJC3hegaDRKiVSWuycYj/EvJSnuWaacuC8AawUAAABwLFoWFcqSAT/1JwK2mqd+MlgdFCuBSlCc/OXlDu3yxyKtkvTvpI8ikUT1aBYu2uuYspmmRDBMxcl6+5JUjJ8VO/ltWt5crDmELSa5KAnpzXgTnwAAAAAAzGjdUlHKUioTpPDKpH7pow6ioDAsRZDg8cQkqwCVVg1HZyhSiIl/E7L1gy0igVhDC8JmOkHBcNHUJ0Ld55GEQyC9adqGPxSlevsAAAAA0Jhj+lT4aNrMKtAEk/NhClKhzt4gJZf8VDVUzHjFLSnaLjXRo+lakaNaQuR9vMwR9KQpZiZS+Fr5bVoxWR4BAAAAQGOOKSry1Yle77CpLm0oR1YjLCozPvtiEEUpdpJea1B8ObxLtftK2RRlgmFaUQTQ5DyFgxGKr5ocDAAAAIAT0bqoqEzMqaysKpQIDsUqoEV2kvRQPlmshnjIx9WzVLSOrbKskd7Sb1fEDGUy5LFFpE3isZW95g6bAAAAADg+LYsKnsTZ1yES8LATpWDpRFnapjwFKTyvLk1I1gPytc1SoZA3rpFIvh9Ryglx0i51KOInWzI4bG4VKOMLIVcFAAAAcEyOtfxhCyQqkRuy8UHa5olIESHapQ+2Ysjhp+px13YviTLj8OQ91yA5Wcb11ofN5QhlojnKGESCEukRWNY7ZbJDZzQUp0SCAAAAAHAMjp38Sln20JKJeGqPCyR0x2Xeflv+a1Nnb14ZiWj+bbxGw+RY/hBFA3Gd9SGQIPGkgOnhxn3KkkwsTgRNAQAAAByPoaj9YbMFbFI+jGurx/KVYKsGJYuExFcAAADA8RkKUcFMLq5QMuUhT4iaFhaKM2cgz8mxJskTaXQGAAAAAOoxNKKimtGTIkq0R0fOAQAAAIA5AyEqfv/73wsvv/wyliYAAACAPqbvRUUulxPW19d73Q0AAAAANKDvRcWtWzdoY+Ner7sBAAAAgAb0vai4eTNNBwcH9Nvf/Fb49uvfxhIIAAAA0Kf0tajgpY9AQM4nsZHe6HFvAAAAAGBFX4sKXvpQgF8F6AfUyrf6wnlguMH3DkBz9LWo4KUPhZ2dHSyBAFPUSrkmtV6konYBSphU0D0OTWd57SP0lYSZ430WnZpYuz1hGysnUzBJxfRi03V/aj9PmWhOIMtaSACMAH0rKrRLHwpYAgHWJGrK2pdW4yOdel2uvRORJrxMZcITcj6pHk/DgoBDymZMFBS+HPEHoggMT2y6xVb0wkzK6BuIiaJWEJCZF4wyfSsqtEsfClgCAfURB/mkjyKR5erArkwY0WSS8pFU9UhpAohk9OdWJghpEg7k1dcVS0c+WeTaNjbjU7Xy+qWlM7S8LN+fXFhvha6Rco1g5VzlamZP5tpti7RKrbZphtJ3PlYrHrgej3ESbNinyRLxZ8lXz2gKBKqfuyLd9NaiY7Vbx3JgZWGotlntS63VSvuZRHN+qXigWnU5XSMIpMKDlbdlk9LtBilc57OenA+Le1NkLJYMwKjRt6JCu/ShgCUQYMn8EiWDHtVasblMERInnnkSp2MVcWLW3T/FJAkejzzBinOKro7MZsxWFRT1L5yhP5wvin/XK6LEQ9eS/NpTeb18jCfYNrRZ2qY8T4TzkzWm+lYnQWnyFSfuVI2gilCkEBOPSFSe2POCJ9R8DR6zdsUPuybDbVVQVCwMvC3niwh6C0NG05eEKChMbFTKZzKj2TbjrfksJEHB6fsFvWipRymbokw0xsIIYxMYafpSVHzxxRfC/fv3pX+n02n66KOP6Mc//rH0empmqoc9A/3NJC3GohSRJtyKlSImiFtXrc+SJtiC+rpSR2Zxfp0+sDdTF0YzcUsTlPH1cZ5g29DmVkE83kexSZN9k9PingwVtlrtV20/k0t+UgwV0mcZSekqBreFUpZSGfFaK+q1/EtJCnriohgRBJK+Y31fjosiIJJFKz+LDEU0Fhu2IEVzacn6AcAo05ei4qtf/Wr1h5xMJoX9/X0KBAJ4AgCN8YcoSgFKx/hZVRQEfnGbYfI1mtFl03aUYpX92qdn64mlz7ESH2ZP7O1AEiudwkfTWoHUzWvVoPepkK1HIXGbICA6BIwyfSkqADguNltAXr4QH1fZOVExXSv75TV1j7SkUV3El55MVUuFIjp80ShFrjVvyu87KtaIVLZWVUjm+npWjJMgiRUib5ublcnrBdJxrmVmoTG16ORbsy5JYjbfSk8AGEogKsDQMbkYo6sbPlryU23kh4mfQXWCVV6vXpPW7oX4DHlFcXFtdb7NHayd2DaXOUSxviPgcWCBpfhjaCM95G0JyVxf9clopk8NlkwUMZaJ5lTfgja0Kx8zT+FghCLLm/p2Ktda1AjHRp+J5C+R3tT1WfwwNJ+FfC2tGJPvEar7/chRRj7KtVukATBgQFSAoYMnDv67ZuKox3km5DBLdT382u4lcYo7lPbLVg5xchD8ZKtYOVIeD0dQCI2iLVrpnzyxq31Ie5PSUkW74UgP2RKjXkuObhF0OSGa6VPVClQ5xlZxNFEMPjabPDlzqMlJ2jWL/pCWpEQBQLxsVWlHcqRM+8nToh+DP16kZKUdqc98vbjajnytnFCwSVEpmntEW4PI6FNB4mdaG20CwKgBUQEGnkYJqYz7eaLV7s+8/bb8typCMtXIAeVccQYxb6vF19U+GfqQiKgTtOIT2mqb9ai+B/Udk5k+suqTgjZyxjRpVUKfW+Y47ZpFf0jt2Ayd1hzXymdi1Y56TMD8HtF8P3rMP1MARo22iwqkswUAAABGk4aiAiltAQAAANAMDUUFUtoCAMwYxDooAIDOYikqmk1p20o6WwYpbQEAAIDhw9pS0URK21bT2UrNIqVtR/njx58J+wdHve4GAGCEmJkYp69/7asY00ecEzlqNpfOlkFK227w8adfCIvXb9Nf/wOquQIAus9//58fCm//p1cgLEaYNkR/NEpnyzSf0vbPf/6zcPfuXSqXy9Jrrv1RKpXo17/+tWlyG6fTSa+8Uv8m/tOf/iQ8fPiwpXc0qO3/6EaGdra+PHZfwGhj/3yL9nYK5PL9h153BQwo6x/8gf7xF/9H8L/kkF4P0vhZj9dee01XOgJYYy0qGqW0lZZAWkxny1iktP3KV75i+81vfiMooqJZuEZIJGKMxx8dSgdl+qgAQQGOT/n0DLmnxL+97ggYaO49/pwUUTHo2O126T/QPJafVqOUtvy61XS20jENUtq+/vrruoJiBwcH9J3vfKeuYOCqpi+88AJ9/PHH/Fd33Ne//vWOCo1+aZ/NjkTPOtkVMAKwsADgJOwdihOLy0uBbzUOC+qX8RO0j4YSzCqlbXPpbJnOprTlMuksPG7dutWO5gaOTz/7Qgj8/f/VbbsaHKPLc+M96hEAYJT44bsHtLv/l+rr6xsFi6PBMNNQVDRKaWuVzlbaX5MiWNrb1pS2t27dkP6mUu2vnTAI3BB/wOWy+oNma93cLAQFAKA7zF+w01pGHYPyW0/p34t/Er7pgaVg1BiKxaKbN9PS39u3b5sugQwzf/6zIHzrR3oLTejVMXJCUwAAusT8RQfdulumg0ONteLW4x72CPSKgRcVuVxOCATUIkajtgSyfvsPVD5QHTTZSrGAZQ8AQBdxOOy08JreWpF9WJJy5rz4wtdG5iEPDIGoePLkCf3VX/2VZKXgv7u7u73uUtdgK0XAYKXwzcBKAQDoPrzkevODL0kbuLe+uVX/BDCUDLyoeOuttxQVLIjCwsbiYlT4QHwS2D/Qh5Fe8Q9HKBcAYLDghxleet24q45J6x9sSY7kzyPT5sgw8KJilFlJ69csZ71jNDOBrxQA0Bt46TV9X7VWsAP5GiJBRgrMQANK7ndF4e/evaPb9sZFpC0CAPQOtlbwEqw2Ed/G/R1pqfYrX0Gtp1EAomJAWc/q1yonXKfoktfZm84AAEAFXoLVigpeomWHcjAaQFQMIBz//b2fpHXbroR61BkAANDAS7C8FKsVFjc2EF46Kgy8qPjHf/xH4Z133lFeCle/G6W19xNDbWYzxn87x0/R7BRCPgAA/QEvxX6kcaVgawUv2TaTuhsMNgMvKq5cuUIaUUFvhM+LoqJ3/ek07En9+lv6MFKOD+c4cQAA6Ad4KXbCpU/d/R6SYY0EbZ+JhGJSCHlSFNaUOu8kL7/8sm1qakrY2dmRyuAuLCx0+pI95YbBk5qtFJzNDgAA+glekk3cVF8Xdp7Rb35XFF6HtWKosRQVxWRQ8EQy6gYuJpZeJE+ThcBkgRGhjGF7NCdQItA+waFYKxb+6j8Pbd37P//5z0Lq/Qw9/ihFV2bstH80Tnf23DR3fgxWCgBA38FLss7xQxovP6VZ5w6NjzsonXpMv//97wV+GOx1/0BnsJyNtg6fo5wgVMucc9lzT2y6xUsEKamxWkhCJRDjdoV2VSm9HLosiYphXvpIvPMuPdonenJ4TooBn3Ac0Jxrh0Kzs73uGgAA1MAPOyHvM3q8dUjZ/XN0tGcnh71Mh+tpCIshxlJUBP7+po3+XrZfcbVSFgSU2qaiKAi01opclIRAQv63jeuai0IiXKfNyfmwuDdF26W29F/i269/2+b1eoVhXfr48MMPhZu3Nil/MFHdtnvkJDogmnrwBwpd9vWsbwAAYMbhwRHt7x3oxq2jsp2yuxPkvpWmL774QhhWy/Io07TdXLFUkC9GNYIinxSFhrwsovhU1KOUTVEmGuPS6KY3E5v5339/nZ4+PZReb21t0fj4Ef3iF78QrPrHPhVra2vScXNzc2SlgrkIGdcMOS7dbv9efoee7NdGd7Cw2N99TBupBy21P3txiiamnqu7/6OH27S7vd9Sm2gf7aN9tK/l6PBI/L95VNrekTy2g+HDLgg5IWYLUKK6KUo5IU7K0oQiJmw2j+xTEfeTp3KwIiCSRSs/iwwvfUiH8//YRyOaS1MiYX70V77yFVuxWBTKlTyv6XSaCoUdCoWaT8TgdLkt93u9Xpqammq6vV637zpt7ojJFUnZxHjx0kutte+0duycnnmOvuE+01KbaB/to320r+Xg4HPavFNffIyPIwx+GLHbbAGDGEiIgkKd8XnZQ/l3MZwSPOLcrl/+8NH0pNUl9D4VQi4q2AIhcZsg1IsO8XjUayaTSeHw0EEvvvhi28xkL7zwQkdNbu1uf2x8is66ntDurlO33W0/IPeUm9wTTtPzjouTc+22t0m0j/bR/oi173SNk/vBvuRHwcseCvyaykcNH87AYNJS2MDktI8oUyC90Srfmn+EP0RR8RzQPP/r3i6dOiSan9itLoOccRzSeRfRxUvwpwAA9B9sRZ0LTdPerW3aE8evp+UJes6+S27HEd3Zn6KN+7u97iLoAHVFBS+LLC6k6b/fileXNjbTCWkJZEY5aHKewsEIpbKqqpB8JsS/9Rw1S6txSpCPcpbWDaDw4b9/Knz/naz4rwl6dnQgiQm3qCv8cy7ynsOHCADoX1xuJ1296qMnj0t0/94W7R05JEHBlgtO3Y1CY8NHXVHByyLshOmRl0IkfwjJIVOTp4KXRlh8FGweFhLSMdd2L1GQ7mlaMvpUECWLqs8GsOZmVk12xY6ZZbuT3pjZh6AAAAwEbLGYvTAtioo9XSQIp+5+/y4KjQ0b1iGlCdJP/JmIKCgiuk1Gn4zM22/Lf0UhoT+yeoQiMkADzAqHnXWfFv9/fM9uAADoBfbyAU25TtPO/ufVbb/cRATIsIFUjH3MzbQ+JbfDcYouuMtU7lF/AADgJITOuej6bVVUcOpuFBobLiAq+hQuHBb4+/+r28Y/SDsdQFQAAAaS2efGye0co70DtSz6dUM9IzDYQFT0KVw4rFxWK/zZ7afo4qSTPn960LtOAQDACfHPOGn9oSoq8ltPpaXeb3q+DmvFEABR0YewR/S3/laflXRuykEuu50+r3MOAAAMApcmHXTr8Sk6OlIfmq6jLPrQAFHRh6zf/kONlWLeN2FxBgAADAYOx7i0lHvr4SfVbdmHJfrjx58JL77wNVgrBhyIij6DrRSBH93SbTvrHicXlzeHMwUAYAjwTzpo49Ep3cPTOiJBhoKBFRVy3ZGIlGhLjz4t+PHbLlBM0OfTqLe9nXDc9r7GiYn57izS2QIAhge2VvCS7uaWRlR8sCU5qD//tfqVS5VxXxzkKaPJTdCNsbl+f7p/3X5mYEWFjL74GSPkfILNY11bpBE2T0Q6L2NL6G4aW+U6GVudamhtwBi37Zs4Q5PjA/41AQCAgQWfi+7sHFWtFfx3PdNcJEgmsiyO/YLQ7YncKCK0cwWQGb7Zyr9EyaCHCgNoSeN47b97945u22szzt50BgAAOghbK2YnxunBzrPqttSdnSZSd0cpmcxTfLWVolOgWwyfqNCgXyKpXRaRK6YqClPdr6rREHFZeD4/Y8tT8tf/W0h95wH916KXfq5Rq0p5+EJMoERAKRmvLSlfa1ExYy2tV0Iczz37DX154DGHg8bGnCf6XAAAoNu4nLXLuEGfWycqeOmXHdUbMb24QuHQsjgG17dWWI3Burkh+i+UzP9IP37r5gY+Jkfi6fr5oCgIi7RKPFc0mhOOMx8MKsMnKjaXKZIRv7T0pngDRMiXEyjDX6q0LBKrmszkLznON4YsJHj/tVWprDuVViuN+SleTFK+crP4xe0c6GmvFFJLb8blw0pZcXuSVvwk3TTKDSVejPjOKSbzgie0aigZr8csJfflc7U/QveZCXJfGKdy+aiNHxoAAHSWudlQzTZe2uUl3vyuKizW0s0sgUzSYozIFts03Ws1Bk/SpiQOlLmh6M0KHnHgjsaUc2UBEM1VBIEkMOK0upTWzQc8jyyK4oTPsZoT4seYDwaZARcVCfE7UgueMbZAXrI4sACIi4owVpno5ZLrcUOZ9kx1mURUpdKXy7VNhMqNUp9Jmg8HKZKWb2iuzErhlWqhNemGEoVNLC1fe1K8+6OROGVLi3VbNMZpc0pun8FKAQAAw8YbXpdOVOztf95c6m5e6o5fI56diVb1+yzG4MWtNCWCSSr6tftUl/9qPSulrJU0d+QbvIv6cwLPJ63OB4PMgIsKMzOSXLBsUVSXmaCXVqrbZ8gb1IgI8caRFalaQVVRps1ceXI+TMHUNq0IvxWyof8h3j+ThkgUVfCI1yJpeaVOWx9/+kVNGOnCOReNI4oUADDk+L7hqEnd/V4TybCkKtm8jLG8SYtLZkeYj8GlbRYIXs1xPDcQae0j2uWRRuO3gvWc0Px8MOgMuKiwYMZLwUyBVC+FLSpkguRVVYauwqps4pKXR9Tlj/qw12/uX98UstnTlKIwrdRUIjcKnvrVWdeytYXDLk27GvYBAACGgYXzbrp+e7v6mguNffjvnwqvfPN5y4c8aRyOkhDLmk3R5mMwj/X643huEP8oyx+SoBBH9aLA1barS+WNsJ4Tmp8PBp3hFRWT0+QjzRrXZlrUij7KVb5o9cZpJqdFXlo28Ru2+n1uCgT+hoLJIunWxgzra1axzGaFwy5NOGjcQTBTAABGAq5rtObQp+6+mW0uvNS/lKS4ZFWIKrrAcgwWJwOKBgK0vCkvP5RW49KyRFQ5d6sgtuWjWGWu2Iyxg6XWspA3LKNr+mI2J7QwHwwDQysqpOUN6cuTlzcUXwvlS2RVKVknTPbrfCoqNwSrykLSoIaltTai0OIkZSLaa3t0Sys2Ubxor62F47KNKbkXZqfa9TEAAMBAwEu+64bU3c0UGuOxvJgMCp4WxmDt3OApzEvjuHemcnIlLYGyXBH35sTXAXnp3K/OB9GciS+HyZzQynwwDAysqGgm6YhyjEytuUlxzjTur9d2IiLfJcp2ZfkkYdIH7dJKPVOXWUpuzjI3zim5YaYAAIwQ/pdcdOvxvt5aYYgEqTc2eyIZG4+zAc12qzFYOzcI8VkhlshqztMP1pmIHEYqXpS0V00E1NeN5oRm5oNhYWBFxTDA8djGlNyvnbUuHHZUPqSD/QMadzo62TUAAGgr+892yXWm/vhmt9vJ73VR+pFqrdi4v9swdXer1Cx9G5bGwcmAqOghxnhsjteebiAWPnm6R9vPSjQ3f7aTXQMAgLZy51GWFvxXLY8JveSi7ON9XeruGxvN+VY0S3W5pM7SODgZEBU9wiwlNwqHAQBGGV76NSs01jh1d2vIyyUKw70c0W0gKnqEMQ6b47QbWSkAAGDYmfdNiKLiSfW1VGisidTdoD+AqOgBHH/9/Xeyum0cpw0AAKOOe9xRk7r7xsbjtlsrQGcYSlGh5H2PaFNcRnOyuy71Pk7YGH/NVgqO0wYAACAvBWtFBTu0v3+3eWtFv88Bw8xQiorNmHgz+cQbKFO5gZQbrJKHu5d9Mysc5kd5cwAAqMJLwVOu07Sz/3l12y83tyzO0NPPc8CwM3SiQq0+6qdIJVRYyRGf8qSlUrnNpOHuFMa4a07JzVnYkJYCAABUQudcdP22Kio4dXczhcb6fQ4YdoZOVCiFwyLL+pK42qQpxiqk2uIxUqGXSvyyrG6vEYV9FFHuTo0JTTq3UiZX3mtW4EzFLCU3/3CQkRsAAPRcmnZSem+MdgpqLp+1dDPWivbNAdK+BvNAK3PAKDB0okJJiVqQv2T5xjEIAS3KDeHLCWwpswk5n2DzVAqLESd4F2/OiI9fk582iY/NJ4tCJuKxKSY1cSeXybUVk3nBE1rlSryCx+Sm4nhrY0puPwqHAQCAKXMuF+2QWmjjQeGThqm72zkH6AqAmcwD6UWiVuaAUWDoRAWjqz6qqkjB9MYqbVOeC9H45Vr3cu72uFxArJJhLZpTlaeUNEWpn17KUiojnpuWz51cjFE0EqdsabGmT+y5/K2/Tem2Xb7gIOf4UH4FAABwYvihK/VwT5e6+3pTZdHbMwdoMZ0HxHObnQNGhaGf0ZSbSzZvxbmcrb4IDFekC3pJrYgum84k3WCStnVy2keU2paUqLwul6gWnhGvRaSrZqfCcdZaKwXjn5w64bsDAIDhxW43LzT28adfCC8831zq7hPNAXVQ5gFZdzQ3B4wKQycqpMqjAapd16pUG5VulBnNCTNeCmYKpN4/W1TIBMm7QqaUtvNEvpBU1lZelzOuodVmZzMrHMZx2LBSAACANezInnq0r3soW7Moi97pOYBR5oFJ2qZm5oBRYvhmNaVsbcirW9cqrV6jiKgfi34i0pq1JqfJR2qte7PiMom4vEY2WVlLi+bEYyRbl3yTKufWi33m+Gpj4bArF5HsCgAAGsGO7LxUfOu+PnV33UJjHZgDGLN5gCZnmpoDRomhExVK2dpcNCLeTFKpcslRx5MKUzG9qLEwKMcHbPKNUFtchh0xeWPUV6CKIzAFk0XJmUe5lrxeVznXkzItTGOMr2YrxQRScgMAQFPwUvHGw4Ku0Nh6xtxa0c45QNuu2TzAz5bNzAGjxNCJCoVAgvRfaiZClRtMF1qkfV05sNZ0FRJVaCIhnxPx6HZpHYLMzjUrHPaGFxEfAADQLLxUfHHKSfe2nla3pe7sWKbubuscwNSZBxrNAaPG0IqKfsEYV+12naZZKSX38TJTjDkcNDbmPHG/AACgm7icJ1vyvexz6UQFLymj0Fj/AVHRQcxScrMn80lwn5kg94VxKpePTtQOAAB0k7nZ0InOn3KN08WpM/RgR60Jspau77AJegNEhQXK2hxljmfOMsZTc0ruiy8R0mcCAMAxeG3GpRMVe/ufN5W6+yScdB4YNSAqOgTHURvDSMMX3OQgFzQFAAAcg4vTzppCY+81kQwLdA+Iig5hjKNmK8X8S3DQBACAk7Bw3k3vfqAvNPbhv38qvPLN52FK6AMgKjqAWeEwv9dFdjs+bgAAOAlsreCHNG3q7psWybBAd8Es1wE4ftpYOCzkQ7IrAABoB7yUfPOumsGKU3c3KjQGugNERZsxS8nNVgqXAx81AAC0g/mX3DWFxm4iEqQvwEzXZjhu2piS2/+Ss23tH5UP6WD/gMaRkRMAMEDsP9sl15mJtrTFK8nz56do476ap2Lj/m791N2ga3RUVMjpS+PkLaY5y5hainaI86Mb46Y5rprjq9vFJ0/3aPtZiebmz7atTQAA6DR3HmVpwX+1be3NvzRO6YendKm7b2zAWtFrYKloI2YpuYPwpQAAgLbDS8rz51yUfqSWRedCY1apu0Hn6YiokC0UAZJry4tUCrUo+22eiFSQZdisFMZ4aY6nPjsxjmRXAADQAUIv6UWFVGgMqbt7SkdEhVJgpd7yB2MszDXocJz099/J6rZxPDUAAIDO4HI5alJ339h4DGtFD+no8ke1etsIVG0zxkm7nWN0sY0OmgAAAGpZmHXrRAU7yr9/F9aKXgGfijZgVjhs/oSFwwAAADRmxu0U/ztNW3tqls1fbm5ZnAE6CURFGzDGRzvHT9E8HDQBAKArXD7npnf39Km7O11oDJjThZDSACVM90YpNwQhpWYpuUNeFznEj7YMD00AAOg4l15y0a1He7pCY2tpWCt6QXd8KgzkoiSkQ4MvKBiOizam5PbDSgEAAF1lXnyYu3FXFRUPCp8gdXcP6Mnyh38pSfFrq1QUBMEzwMKCPYy/9bcp3Tb2pXA6kO0SAAC6yZzPRalHu3RwqD7kXUdZ9K7TO5+KTIEG3TjF8dBaKwXDnsgAAAC6Cy85Xz5fW2gMqbu7S09ERSmbokwwTCu9uHibMCscxvHSsFIAAEBvYAf59ft7uoc9pO7uLj1x1PREiJLFRRrkpQ+OgzYWDlu41J5iOQAAAFrHYbdT6IK+0Bin7oa1onv0xFGTKMMZNjt56Y5jjIP2TpyhGRdScgMAQC+5fLa20Nit2zu97dQIgTwVx8CscBiHkQIAAOgtznFO3e2ke1tPq9s44zFSd3eHjosKQSgKqyEPRTLqNi4mlhlgU4Ux/pkLh1062x1RMeZw0NiYsyvXAgCAduFyds+J/fJFt05U8FI1Co11h46Lis2YKCh8OaKMUmRMFhmULAqDKCzMUnKHupiS231mgtwXxqlcPuraNQEA4KTMzYa6di1eivbNPEd5jbBYvzfo8YaDQRccNeOifvBTpOKtabN5bEIxKaQ8y5QTBGHQEmAZ4545JffcWYSRAgBAPxE869KJip0tpO7uBh22VMyQN9jZK3STjz/9oiaMlOOiHXb4ZwIAQD9xacopLU1rU3e/h2RYHafD0R8eWzEZFK5lS/odWwXKBL0Dl6dizVDenFNyh2YRRgoAAP1I+NIEJTaeVF9zobHf//FT4eUXn4e1okN0JU9FhjzSS2W7LSCvhXhskcr2/i8uZlo47MIUIdUVAAD0J5dmnNIStTZ1N5JhdZYe5akwkhAFhXkt035hPVNbOGxhFmGkAADQz5il7kahsc7RFUdNbzHNya6qXyA7aoY8BYr1uXVCwSwl95yXC4cRnCkAAKCP4SXqjUd7OmtFahORIJ0Cya+agOOba1Jy96hw2FH5kA72D2jciYUXAMDgsP9sl1xnuu+Dxo70fvEh8NbDT6rbUrd3kLq7Q3REVCi+FDbxPwk5gkf1qfBEpARYg2ClYG5s6D2GOf55glNy98BM8cnTPdp+VqK5+bNdvzYAAByXO4+ytOC/2pNrX744RRuP9nWpu+Fb0Rk6IioUX4p6yx9MJuLpxKXbjllK7u92KXsmAACAk+N0mBQau7+D1N0doDuOmgOca8QY18xxz7MzEBUAADBIcKGxjfvq6zJSd3cE+FRY8JvfFYVrBitFGOXNAQBg4HA5a1N389I2rBXtBaLCgtSdHd1rl3OMLsFKAQAAA8l/Fh8Kf2goNPbBw5LFGaBVupL8yjwDRX8nvOp14TAAAADthR3sfRNnKL/7rLptJY3U3e2kJ8mvclES0qH+FRTMjdQj3WvOysYexAAAAAaX4KxbJyo4dTcKjbWPnix/+JeSFL+2SkVBEDx9KCxMU3J7XXLhMCS7AgCAgYUTF6bu6QuNrWeRDKtd9M6nIlOgfv0aOX7ZmJI7dBEOmgAAMAzwUvb126qouPP4E6TubhM9ERWlbIoywXBfVin902dfCK+bFA5zjiODJQAADAP+2Qlaf7irS919HWXR20JPHDU9EaJkcZH6celj4/6uzkrBcHwzAACA4YCXssPnJ+jG3e3qNi40htTdJ6dHVUoznGGzk5c+FmaFwy7NPEduF0QFAAAME/MXJ2jN8BCJ1N0nB3kqNLx/t7Zw2JW5qd50BgAAQMdga0VN6u4PtmCtOCE9WP7o3/wUvzSUw+V45ikXfCkAAGAYCc86Kf3wlK7Q2K3bO73t1IDTMVEhFJNCSBQUvpxArCCq23Mk2GwhShYFwVhkrJeYFQ4L9qi8OQAAgM7DDvgcYrr5WC2LfjNbQOruE9Ch0udFYTXkYW9MSgT0X4wtkLAVk0HB02d5Kq4b1tKm3KfFm41FRX8lphhzOGhszNnrbgAAQEu4nP35kLZwcUInKvZRaOxEdMhSsUWFTJDCK5OUMdk7OR+mYKR/8lSYpeReONefPwD3mQlyXxincvmo110BAICmmZsN9boLpky5xiWH/HuamiDr9/pldho84KhJtfHJzvExmvP1p6gAAADQXi5fdOtExc4WUncfl46ICg4l5foe8ax59bd+Sn71x48/E/76HzZ02xZemyK7HXoLAABGgfNTLmnJe2dPzbL5HpJhHYuOzZxSfQ+Ph6I5QUjoHDWjgi2Q75vkV+uGiA8pJbcP1UgBAGCUePPiBP1040n1NRca+/0fPxVefvH5ns9Tg0THRIXNE7HJIaXS9yFUtweIckK6L0JKzQqHXT7vonG7HYXDAABghLh0zk2uOzu6XEVIhtU6PciomRAFhTFxd29YMykcFr401bsOAdBN9o8o9u4Rzf0XJ11uxTjXzHntOgaALnL51Slay6jWCk7djUJjrTGyjgNmKbn9XhcKh4HuI02un9dEQ81fOUM/ONeHP1GXg+I/a/F3AgEBBgBe+r51d4wODlVrRWoTkSCt0IcjVnfgOGRjSu7LA1De/Kh8SAf7BzTuhPgZLk7RVc2Eu3fngP5u/Yhe/dk4zfa2YwC0hf1nu+Q6099jLC99h867aV1TaCx1ewepu1tgZEXFjQ29Zy/HKc+4+79w2CdP92j7WYnm5s/2uiugg7jPOmgmc0S7+0SzWqGR0VbQ1QgRxRIQtNNaRhXLRmvHR6mn9NNHpGtjjv8UDulvNojei46Tu/L6ezeJ/kkRNdrXdawOddumMm2kntGWONxsvfuU1sQtducYvfdmpV9PxLYt+gyGgzuPsrTgv9rrbjTk8qybUppCY/wXvhXNM5K/XLOU3BynDEC/sPfkiLbOj1NcM2m755z0qznNMSwy3j2kiao14y+0tjdOv/pZRRxLQkC1dvCk/87OGP3bzyrCoSIOJLwO8t98Rg/2xyWh8FFenuTvP3bQrDjB7z0tE52vbzWxbFscZi6Hz9AdoxDZP2rYZwC6DS+Bs8P+rYdqls31+ztI3d0kIykqjPHHHJ/MccoA9A5xcq08xSvMX7E+Q7ZmaMOUTtFVv+Yn7bLTDFWsHeLf9Uen6M3/Upn0TZiYKNPuntie+FO4/4jon948TT/NE/3gHNEne3+husax/cZt18eiz/hJgh5x+eKUTlSUkbq7aUZOVPzmd0XhmsFK8eYA+FKAYUfvUyE/sR/ShG6JoUwb10Xhsav92Y61cA07TdSdqO108dwYrT0RRYT9iLLnz9APvKKwufmMdsNHoshw0ITfariwahuAwcLtdNSk7uYlc1grGjNyoiJ1Z0f32uUco0vn3f1WNwyMOl4HzdMzzYYyXf/JM/qDOND96meVn620xNDKjVu2tABIlo9HZcrS5zR/lh2B7fTqeaKNx9+gbXeZFixFg3XbAAwaV+amdKKCHfs/eGieJRqojJSoMCscxnHJAPQbe3cOxcl9jP6p6n9Qpm06Rf7L6k9W8rto9ifsstPcxJe0uTFOl6/aNecTzWmOmd57Rtf3TtM/heVjZn1j9NOborg5f6b+0kazbdNfKssrIzXsgAFlZmKcfBNnKL+rivuVNFJ3N2Kkft03Uo90r7lw2MIsHDRBP2D0qeDlEI2zIueGeLNM39McM+Udo5mm27fT5R88R7s/eUbf+4n2/LLuGLZMZMmhXleymHxJZBls1FzbC8FT9Hfrz8T2DdEfAPQp3xXnB62o4NTdKDRmzcj8quul5EbdMNBzmk0m5dVESTTTRs02O/3gZ8/RDywuMRt+jn6l2yKf07i/jds2Rq8wjfsMQO+YO++mqQe7ukJjtwxL6EDPyEypN0xScodm4aAJAACgPuGLE5TYQOruZhkJUfGnz74QXjexUricjpH2z9zaLdO9j8rkdJbp8lz/J/4CAHSPn948pNfOclSQg0a5esHcOTfd2NzRpe6+jrLodRkJUbGhyY6mwHHIo4giJB5scS4A+TPxX2glLBEAMAp8VPhS/E/8x63PadY7NrICw2G305ULbrp+W03dvfloD6m76zD0osKscBjHH0+4+Ml8NOwUZkICAACaZdQFRujSFN24i9TdzTD0ouL9u7WFwzj+eNiBkAAAdIJRFBhsrahJ3f3BFqwVJgy9qPiloWytd+KM+J+zN53pAkdHZUply3Tr/ueND66w+fBL6T8AAGgFRWA4s0e0tOAQRcbwKosr/hnaeLSvs1ak7+/2uFf9x1CLCrPCYd+fG+6ID4fDTm9ettPCvIMePD6iu0/K0g/fCvapWFqAoyYAQOV7P3lqud85fkoUEXYKXXTQzMRQTyUSXGjM73VR9rFqrUDq7lqG+k64bljzmnGfpgvewU7JPeZw0NiYs+FxbIr0XxB/BBeIDo/GmxYYAABQj5MICZdz8BMNhudndKJiH4XGahhaUWGWknt+CAqHuc9MkPvCOJXLR40PrgCBAQA4Lu2ySMzNhtrYq94w5RTH0ZnTtLmlTYa1ZXHG6DG0osIYR8wpuUPnB19UnBQzgXH45QCbbgAAHYGXRUdlaaMVFua8oqh4UH2N1N16hvJu+ePHnwl//Q8bum0cZ+wYynd7fBSBAQAARuBnZc65Kae0lL6lSd39HpJhVRnKaXbdEPEhpeS+NNWbzgAAABgqFv1T9OP1fPU1WyuQultm6ERFvcJh4w77IPtnAgAA6BNe9brJ7dyivQOk7jYydKJizaRw2BW/t4c9AgAAMGwsnNen7kahMZmhEhVmKbnnvC5yjQ/V2wQAANBjQnMztP5wT1doDGXRh0xUcLxwTUru+Zke9aYzHJUP6WD/gMadcLAEAAwO+892yXVmeCLw2NGdl9Zv3i1VtyF195CJCs5upmXu3DdoxuUY6GRXRj55ukfbz0o0N3+2110BAICmufMoSwv+q73uRlu5fGmG1u/vodCYhqERFWYpuUM+V496AwAAYNhxOR10+dUJunVX9a1I398Z6dTdQyMqjHHCHEf86jk2tQ2RmQIAAEBfceWSXlSMeuruoRAVv/ldUbhmsFJwHDEAAADQSVzOcWmp/Q4KjUkMhahIGTxuOSW3bKUAAAAAOsvVuSmdqGBrxd3HJYszhpeBFxVmhcOuwEoBAACgS0xNOMk38xzlt9Ry8aOaunvgRcWN1CPda7ZSLFyAlQIAAED3uHLRrRMVo1pobKBFhVlK7tB5LhyGlNwAAAC6x2vnJmhqZpd2tp5Vt41iMqyBFhU3TFJyL6BwGAAAgB5wZXaC3tGIilFM3T2wouJPn30hvG4sHPbqBLmRaRIAAEAP8J+foOvpLV3q7lErNDawomLj/q7OSsEsINkVAACAHuGwy4EC1zeeVLdtPtobqdTdAykqTAuHnfsGTU25kOsKAABAzwi/OkU30lsjm7p7IEXF+3drC4dxnDAAAADQS+x2qkndPUqFxgZSVPxyc0v32jt1hmamnL3pDAAAAKDhqn9Gt0TPf9Pi61Fg4ESFWeGw719CXgoAAAD9gXPcTvPnXJR+NHqpuwdOVFw3rE1NzZyh186PjqgYczhobMzZ624AAEBLuJzuXnehq4QvTelExagUGhsoUWGWkjt8drRuVPeZCXJfGKdy+ajXXQEAgKaZmw31ugtdhZfkjYXGbt3ZsjhjOBgoUWGM9+WU3KFXp3rTGQAAAMCC8MUJnajoh9TdQi4q2AIJomCSiulF8tjauxwzMKLijx9/Jvz1P2zotnE8sH1g3gEAAIBR4oLXLS3Ra1N397LQmCDkhMWFNBWF39Ky7RZ1wm4yMFPyuiHiQ0rJjcJhAAAA+pjFuRn6b1sPqq/ZWtGz1N2baVp7KURrtm9L107YEm2/xECIisNxrxTnq4XjgMcdDioj2xUAAIA+5Y1zbvo35xjtHfQudbey5CEtexD/FxVyQpwCbV76YAZCVDwpHVH5tL5wGMcBAwAAAP3Owpw+dXe3C42JYsLGSx8xW5y8xTRFPDZboANWCqbvRYWZHcLvdZGLC4fBSAEAAKDPCb82ReubO7pCY10vi76ZpkQwTMXJzl6m70XFo93nqHxaX3n0zbnR9aU4Kh/Swf4BjaMaKwBggNh/tkuuM6M5djvsdloQhcVaRrVWdDt1d2k7T8HwUk20h1BMCrENHyXeeqVizUhTqMWlEV5eCW0vUSbisfW9qLi3w16zajc57ndmZrRyU2j55OkebT8r0dz82V53BQAAmubOoywt+K/2uhs9Y+HiBN384GSFxrxer3DJe5neCJ+nhYUF+upXmxMkglAUVkPXKLwySZma7csUSi+KoqKlrujxL1E4vkwxQRD6WlSYpeTmuF8AAABgkOAl+/CrE7SuKTSWvr/TUuruo6MjWns/If5H5HQ66ep3o0JTAqOUpRSFacW49MHbfSHKmFglclESAorbRTRHlAjYZBHioYikTKK0tLRL56O/JPF0WzEZFJY3+3z5Yz2rj/hwj4sf6kGB7t6tVXfl6v9M+NIu7jLPQPml6VZuq05j5b/oX1pct1y3DTLtjV1zvPHMowP5qyo79sR9h/Tg/kfmbQMAQJ9y7548bjmc+hFOOxGVTZIPOYwHac+tl6zIXucU+6l6DdVsGjM/UmxX7NFYnfHdrvujY8qhP4dTd1+/maJcLifUuZSO733ve9V/HxwcNC8wtgqUEcVDTaIrcTt552sv9N73KUCikKCAdHyOAkI6Jwil1RClwkWijEcUGCHJ8VPUFhKT82HKi6qir0XFkeE72/9ki37+3mZvOtMnTDsvSn+z2dH+HAAAg8XFixcpfW+t193oOXann8qn1ejFGxtPyHVwsvFcERj3Cl7a2dmp2b+ZTlA0FKeEIeCD/Sx80/olEWZ7/Kl4vL96vD8Upfh2SdQgGfKF5OM5fiT3r28K24Zz+1pUXA3N0IOCnOJ04bVpeudv/+NQV3drhviHcWFn5wmt/U1i5D8LAMDgIIoK4fbt2yM/bn386f8TFq/flrJsul2n6Ve/iNLXv/Z2U5/L1NSUwAJCi9frlawTV65coZdfftn2k5/8RNquOF3OF70Uv0a0EpczVGiZnPZRXhQLRqYPn6NIWhU6LEp8oiiZoWD1+GqI6kLlILaG0HR/iwrOj86xvIeHZXrlm8+P/M0IAABgsHnh+a/a/vTZF8LW7iFNTYyLgqL16A+jkHjnnXeI/9MzQ95ggr7jCVKymDav8THjJUqbJOv+4f+iXMxGAVE78EtpKSRgs8WFohAOedhSIdhEwbK0dKZ6Cls92BrS16KC6UkqUwAAAKBDHEdIMNFolObm5iyEhIrNphQty3CyK/ODJucpnJejNjiElJc0eHNN+u5EQPpTWr1m8KlI0/R72iiSPl/+ALWcO3eOJiYQAQMAGCyWlpbo3Xff7XU3Bpq33nqrrQ/ZLDykPBX/9qDxwSKTiyukWioCFEwWRQFis3GeilR4SYoigagYMJqNSwYAgH7ixRdfxNjVh9g8kaa/F9X6IZOJeOTtAfbxk60bEBUAAAAAaAsQFQAAAABoCxAVAAAAAGgLEBUDBDvD2DhvajBJxfSieYgQ6AjszBTyRGqSxDDRnMAZbEfiu5A/hwLFWi04VOe847YHBgOMWaMHRMWAwIlGFhfSVBR+S8u2W2QSWQw6TpRyJpNfIjA646Ti1JUxhpz1CIiS/gVj1mgCUTEobKZp7aUQrdm+bR5HDAAA/QTGrJEEoqLPUcyHkglRCtmJCmZPy6C3SE/M1wrkE7+jREa2aPhpk2K2QCXQqtbKIae5reyP/gsl8z+iQkyg+MwqaZ++jU/juvMM7SrHhpN5isilBKVY8kwl+41xGUdZupEqElJOZ3bhqoOeQky3TdsXf0nuZ71rHfuzrPP+aj/jkPT58pUztjwli4KwuBWr/Fb0jNISVa/BmDXaQFT0ORz/W82xXkxzZjRbAIq/RySo8tmrFQWjmok4I+7jYoMZm81PS8JqKCC/DnBZ4LzgCa2SOO8JHkkYyCWE8+IkzF+qENoTuOlozLoHynn12lX6mSKxXfLY5AF+WTxcEBSR4xPPzQQUsRKT94kCIehJVzPrKdeJxtI1RYiMn4nZtcwnkNrPzyYKHBYOytu2en8k9lH7GXNb/B7yGsEVMVxREUsQFN0DY9ZoA1ExCGyKA3swTMXJXndk1DHxqaikr5UJklcpPljKUkp8mhbnZOlZbXIxRtFInLKlRcP+SfHJXnztX6JkMEGFRl1o1G6lH+H5SuXBGa/4qtKqdB8lqeiXz9X6R/BkHg5GKL0ZN71OfepcyxQTa03F8tHM+1usXM87Y2zXHElQ5NlB0E8ezGndBWPWyAJRMQBwoZZgeEnnOS2bgolW4FHdR/hoWjeIqk/mnNKWJ8RkW67TqF1jP2T4PiLymrbImfJ4uUOpTFjKpoiSK02YrM2vdTKs3l9z15OWblJhRBz0iLpj1vI0ZTTLaSz80iEsTQ0TEBV9jmwOvkbhldqa96DfMT6ZWxT26UK7XObYcj9bBWxpCon3XLan95z5+1sUJ6VmzpaXYXiVBIKiF2DMGm0gKvodNgdTmFZgRhwsuPqfZjmhJvSxsj++uiQfv7lM7Oso+VRMTovP4+q5bDXIiFtizbRrhT9E0UCAljcXNeeKd1dl3ZtXvqUnx1Uv5Xt1z1m8P8mnwpQ8bZfkf8mCIi+VeoZjYI/AmDXSQFT0O1sFyvhCeOIaMKTqf5Kzmhx0YRMnb+1Ep+wv2CoV/8Q5MxpUzg1ISxEe2UosXNu9JD67HzbVrnWfAhXnTOXciBQVwYJCOcYfilIgIG/vxT1n9f4EM0tFRYSwJSP6iw+F1fgr0mYl2EU+KCi1oX2foINYjVmyD1L1e+QAkWioi30DHQeios/ZTCfEH128gQc+6DSNkj6Z7edJXD2idolCu19Ic7SI6qjpiWSq+zJvvy2ZkZU4f6t2jf2o91qhJnGX5GwZpZDf3EHT7H3Wu1aj8+ptr/f+zI9V33zirVdMeqxvA3QeyzErqg9blixjXewb6DwQFX2I/KSWpvmil+LsjBlv5IEPQHuQllqiMY7YxCwMmgZjFlCAqOhLZsgbTNB3PLLZtq4ZOhMR90mR+bI50fAUAECzKEmxPBEf5QQ/meSPAsCCJscsMPRAVPQhqkm3vtnWaMaW0OVMAINE9TvP9GYsVu+najgnAE1z3DGLE29SAvpjmICoAAAAAEBbgKgAAAAAQFuAqACgCTjE8xqtSMWy+qXctlU/2tXHk7Sj1PGIaDMgndDvp5X+mGVwBAB0FogKABqgeLbHhEqdjj5BV7ujQ0KnUSitFZsxUVD4RBGRqSTcUERGpWRou/pYD+47hyz6coKANNAAdAeICgAaUFqNUz65Qgl4tDeNUqUyWfRTpKJHpMRWovhJaaqhdrofUjKvuLGKKwCgU0BUAGDBceoYKOGZ8vG12Rx1+6P/Qsn8j6gQk4sqyWmmNVYBzXKBXESuQD5KUCITpV8XvfRzyToRkkqac3sZG6eoFgSiSkrr974vnSo3VblGxWJQCCcpH1H6kSNhaZvUfsnXNVpA9O9NbbP2U+AQwwxFljd1W2utK+ZtWX0Ous9aEi+BSk4EkyqyUmpyYxVXAECngKgAwAqpFLePYk3WMVAmOZ84QWYkkeATbJ6YONnJT+bG/UVvVuCy3FzzQ9lXnfyliTUuiYSqKMkkuFIWz8q2eUoKP5c2+ileFAWCZvKXi28lKLArTsZ0s9KW3A/xTUlnJVLET/A0SZuSKLFxmXB+XVoVxUWcwlpxYvbeJFGgvjft56CmIZcm/Jo8KlZt+Sv9Mfsc9P2RxZH0efBnmcwLnpDRKiGLm8LWMb57AEDLQFQAYAXXMRD/xJo9vrRNefGJOaakueYnZYpXC17RZpoSQXHyruyXKoNWPBmr6amVB3Lp3LzhAkHyzjTbmSAllyrLD1L67YJubzQmV/Hkydkb1L/mehrSRKy9lqHvDVOXa9OQqxYFQRIXzbRl+TlQRfCJn3Va+1nqrRIsbtivIlX9AgAAnWQkREW/eOvXw2gG1lLfvAy6RtBLTc/jLELE41eqG/RPyqVtnhy9mhN4P1Wne+29YOP63SwMdBfw0XTT1R9bObYxtX1vHkVgyO8vTj88OmPZVuPPQaGarEuwPm6wqDdmmS9HNR7bOjkGYvwCWkZCVAwGJuvBhKzbPYef8DMFatp6XnP8FhUyQfJWVMbktM9wAu8nyRSiliIXKONRlkribXgT7aG27/WRlyyo9p6uVBUtOKL1z23pczD+bkareNhJonPaC8YvIANRAUA7mZwmH0UovVmZBNnML27JKRYDyXEwQMubsomeI0t4OpCmWGmpRfXf2IzxckErT9556qiV39B3dfI3KSvuX6Jk0EOBkFfn41BavSZ+Okkqxs+KM+K3TduirVhzn0NFoCiftdnTuOJ34Qs172gLADg+EBUVzDz2FydLJHnJK575lWN8WgeyuDhoppW1aHNPdKPXvpmib9g3k/OtPN91+4wRBg1MqJbvQzwunMxTpOIHEEwWpYRQ5p+jbP4MpW0UIL33PieT8hRi/f8oY5i4VFSzu7KFPwslbDIkfyTi03peupeU74WXAbT7PYV5SVBIfhKTlYm40m7cmxNfB5pzMqz0k78K8TPXOTS2C2Pfxadk6futERSk1oLIRSOCtuidJxVWfy912loUhUDdz2FGfw35XlXaSOk+axm9pWjYsIzO0fzuraKBpA1WY0kfjV/xGXYitl7+wfjVWyAqqL7H/rR4M86HgxRJV8LixCfJ8htvUL7yOMhrzMHwUtW5rZ4nuvh4pvPaNy/YVDtJ6cLoDOdbXW+SZDGUF38wPEoLoT3BVokwaPxZNHgfYj9TJLYrvmvZxL1cN7JB8eifLyYpqMlNoFwjGhOf4ntttW0AT1w8gGgd/UyLuREXjfWY7K81x2v3C/FZIZbIVq+lb08OE1WKjBlN3fVM33zLKFssj1XaNRQz076u1472WlZIBaP0b0qprFu3LavPoaY/toDlZy07hIpCpo2+Jd2jdkxg8cUTpdlP2SqyqNqeSTSQvzJeWEbRYPwayPGrF0BUMBYe+/75MAVT27Qi3lCbosq/ErtGqeyWalaNVcyqFp7osoG3kde+yROAruqo4XzL6yn7KhkgJVN0wuD7X++zaPw+wvOV92yMKKjj0Z+eLAol7dO+4Rr9Dn8GPttyWxI21SwZGJdHQFvZTCfEwV8Y0FLctWOC8rRtikVkkUydaKAmomgwfg3u+NVtICoYK499/zT5MnxTzot3l5umf+gi33fStBkPUUG8sUK6G8vKE/2knvhm53fK8/1476NedIDytK9YfErZFFFypS8jcczgZyup9sfqyR0WeKCSTKd1lkdA+5DN7kQr8dEY/BtFFlmPQY3GEoxfgzp+dRuICsbCY58nFI5zT2ezlCcWHn4K/esaba+KqjYaMqRuNvdElxMRdYJOXe947VpFB0hPDLY0hYSikG0xQ2U/4Inw2oCnjW0pjFa0QjdRnjSV5ZZhxyqyqDG9iKLB+DWMQFQwDTz2uX7AP//zOtmvrEpmVFat/7z+CQWvLKk3loUnuryW1+4+W1yPStK++OpS5f0sS5Uiq2uShvfLylvytj/p+7CIDhA/NlmcrXpFcRamFZj7AWgvVpFFVjQRRdN2jjt+WY1djdrF+NUVRkhUmHvrs+dvjVe70SQ94yX7B6LM+LGsTlnRfvCBeMyqqlatPNGFDlgqGnm+yymSPdw/gUP8o0HtubI531PJR3Rt95I48Bye+H00ig6QijsF5G2DucYNQP9iGVlkeV4zUTTt7uvxxi+rsatRuxi/usNIiIpG3vq1x+hNf1XPecU7PZCQ/lHj1V/HE71hOuNj7rfyfNelSE4vCashvaOT1gSfefttSRwlGnjUNxN9YBkdIDlGRSnkH401bgCOS93ffIPfYN3IokbnWY0lfTZ+WY1dVu1i/OoOIyEqQH8gmSqjMY4qg8oHoM0gsqizYPxqDogK0HGUhDKeiDjACX4KQOYD0HYQWdQZMH61BkTFCGBMbtT161dNilW/FgBABxjGyCKMX4MFRAUAAAAA2gJEBQAAAADaAkRFlzAWqtHlxQcAgD4FYxdoBYiKLiAVrvEUuHCN5Dms1A2JVMoE9rp/AABgBsYu0CoQFR1GqXzHv0G1/LVcHjvliVO4KAhmpaMBAKCXYOwCxwGiotNIseJRyhkSplQTr2i8s/VmxqAUDsY/WrkwUoF8YguJjJzX3l9aJU4/G07mKVKpRKhkCJXaqgwI8jX1ufDN2kPYGQBAR5NjV71xq7pPM9b8uuiln2PcGmogKrpB0EsNMuVWf0w+8akgI/5ShJxPsHlibHYUpJz1GfFnJu5jGySHNckpZxOUoiJxySTJTBlYlo73U4nYRCkdH+BaJXnBE1ol8cFCqKaXNbQHAAA1NBi7rMatgMlYM09J4ecYt4YaiIp+obRNeVGZx5SnAi5uQ3HaLon/lA4ImuTwD1J4vlJ/REohW0lkW8pSSlTysUpZdqnCXoTLty/qzm1UEwAAACyxGLdUjGMNxq1hBqKiG+jKqtdhq0CZIJdWV5ghbzBDhS3pnyI+mq5Jt2u2TUEtoCZqepLMkk2fCwAA1Hjsshq3qhjHGoxbwwxERaeRlHtALateQTEbkuxEbZMUu+4HvEWFjKjKV4wNNotxzXE4susBALpEE2MXzaxi3AI6ICo6jFqqN0TJire0EpaVCCapqJgNJ6dFDR5Rf8DaYkAliwuYMTlP4aDaluxIVaAYHJsAAE3SzNhFZDFutQrGraEAoqILcD5+Od67UujH5qkmkPHYItIx/AOWf0S1xYBkp8zmkcK+pKeJSlueFAoLAQBappmxq9641eq1MG4NBxAVXcIWSOh/GIlA7THVwjWMavarhnBpvJ2N22pe2wKmbdVrDwAAzGg0dtUbt7T76o5TGLeGDogKAAAAALQFiAoAAAAAtAWICgAAAAC0hf8P6Y9tfbKHFfMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
Question 8.In half-wave rectification, what is the output frequency if the Input frequency is 50 Hz. What is the output frequency of a full-wave rectifier for the same input frequency.
Answer:During a cycle, half wave rectifier conducts once and full wave rectifier conducts twice, hence the output frequency for the half-wave rectifier will be same i.e. 50 Hz, whereas the output frequency for the full wave rectifier will be double, i.e. 100 Hz.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Output frequency for full wave rectifier = 100Hz, for half-wave rectifier it’s 50 Hz.
(Actually, this is application of p-n junction diode)
Question 9.For a CE-transistor amplifier, the audio signal voltage across the collected resistance of 2k is 2 V. Suppose the current the amplification factor of the transistor is 100, find the input signal voltage and base current, if the base resistance is 1k.
Answer:Given that,
Rc = 2K-Ω = 2000 Ω (Collector Resistance)
V = 2 Volts (Audio signal voltage across the collector resistance)
β = 100 (Current amplification factor of the transistor)
RB = 1K-Ω (Base resistance)
Let, the Input signal voltage be Vi
Base current = IB
We have the relation for voltage amplification as:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAHwAAAAjCAMAAABhGJ6uAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAI1QTFRFAAAA///b//+42///2//btv///9u4/9uR29u4ttu4kNv//7Zp27ZpkLbbkLaRZrb/Zrbb25BpZra425A+ZpDbOpDbtmZpOpC4tmY+tmYKkGY+Oma4OmZpkDo+ZjqRAGa4kDoKAGaRZjo+ZjoKOjo+ADqRADppZgBpZgA+ZgAKOgA+OgAKAABpAAA+AAAKMChrewAAAAF0Uk5TAEDm2GYAAAHvSURBVHja7ZfdWoMwDIZDUdF2WrWiQ5wgczrcyP1fnk8LrUC7R+jcOHA56baEfkn6wzuAk421IEeMIdpgNvrRiwXiB/XQvFwipvUUpZQV23MrrbnKJ3jG6qE/SCPlUxgk1Xh1sr6GWfOcWIUASaw+z7l0voYAcPeyVOIiC6Mv2htA50vK2KvhehI5ks+6cFJwIEVTjMhUfRyCPO4Oyp3IpIM88xIXsV71GJjOnxT3BYe2+JoCJFl3aIt7VT5LTRars4VZuWhjZvtFnNVt5z51p63+35gvduU7264SYbL8scZSAMbNaeNGm6p1Vz8nb2HdXbkruoOcgbMUggUVHHLEiqpDa58Z124vEdFICpP+IzW7XciIGIAssbrtD1JcSpFSykJ94ILcpw17G1N1+K3/3kbURcUGNf0Ad3Trojq6iYrWu79jCWqr6AHF5e0w9NThn1rTd9l1Mcl+F9sr+Xroih+p7RBt3jOYyupbkuEkba/fcROtuXVRH9xsiBsm7gQ0N+dppxXrgLhB4m5A60Kc5jzttGJtiIs21fWg1bFJwYI4xXfaacf6Q5yDkSyUUZynnXasP8TtEm9DnOK83eL+ELej7V2IS39iXEvkC3FOQOtBXMN52tmPNRA3um4noHUhTnOedvZjDcSd/vD+P/sGIi5XBiyF2h4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
⇒Vi = 0.01 V
Therefore, the input signal voltage of the amplifier is 0.01 V.
We know that Base Resistance:
RB = Vi/IB
⇒ IB = Vi/RB = 0.01 V/1000Ω = 10μA
Therefore, the base current of the amplifier is 10μA
Question 10.Two amplifiers are connected one after the other in series (cascaded). The first amplifier has a voltage gain of 10 and the second has a voltage gain of 20. If the input signal is 0.01 volt, calculate the output ac signal.
Answer:Let A1 = 10 (Voltage gain of the first amplifier)
and A2 = 20 (Voltage gain of the second amplifier)
Vi = 0.01 V (Input signal voltage)
Let, Output AC signal voltage = Vo
We have the relation:
V0 = A × Vi
Output after the first stage VO1 = A1 × Vi
Then, output after the 2nd stage VO2 = VO1 × A2 = Vi × A1 × A2
Hence, the final output = VO = 20 × 10 × 0.01 = 2 Volts
Therefore, the output AC signal of the given amplifier is 2 V.
Question 11.A p-n photodiode is fabricated from a semiconductor with the band gap of 2.8 eV. Can it detect a wavelength of 6000 nm?
Answer:Given that the Energy band gap of photodiode, Eg = 2.8 eV
Wavelength, λ = 6000 nm = 6000 × 10–9 m
The energy of a signal is given by the relation:
…. (I)
Where,
h = Planck’s constant = 6.626 × 10–34J-s
c = Speed of light = 3 × 108m/s
So, E = 3.3 × 10–20 J [From equation (I)]
We know that, 1.6 × 10–19J = 1 eV
Therefore,![](data:image/png;base64,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)
∴ E = 0.21 eV
The energy of any particular signal of wavelength 6000 nm is 0.21 eV, which is less than given 2.8 eV − the energy band gap of the photodiode. So, the photodiode cannot detect the signal.
(Actually, this is example of application of photodiode)
In an n-type silicon, which of the following statement is true:
A. Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
B. Electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
C. Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
D. Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
Answer:
In an n-type silicon holes are minority carriers and pentavalent
atoms are the dopants as it is formed by doping of a pentavalent atom in a tetravalent crystal.
Pentavalent atoms have an excess electron than a tetravalent atom, hence a number of holes are less than the number of electrons. So, holes are the minority carriers.
Question 2.
Which of the statements given in Exercise 14.1 is true for p-type semiconductors.
A. Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
B. Electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
C. Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
D. Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
Answer:
In a p-type semiconductor holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are dopants as it is formed by doping of a trivalent atom in a tetravalent crystal.
Trivalent atoms have an electron less than a tetravalent atom, hence a number of holes are greater than the number of electrons (As Absence of electron represents hole).So, holes are the majority carriers.
Question 3.
Carbon, silicon and germanium have four valence electrons each. These are characterised by valence and conduction bands separated by energy band gap respectively equal to (Eg)C, (Eg)Si and (Eg)Ge. Which of the following statements is true?
A. (Eg)Si< (Eg)Ge< (Eg)C
B. (Eg)C< (Eg)Ge> (Eg)Si
C. (Eg)C> (Eg)Si> (Eg)Ge
D. (Eg)C = (Eg)Si = (Eg)Ge
Answer:
For an insulator, the band gap energy is always higher, (Eg≈ 6ev). And in case of silicon and germanium, silicon has higher energy gap than germanium. (This is experimental data.)
Question 4.
In an unbiased p-n junction, holes diffuse from the p-region to n-region because
A. free electrons in the n-region attract them.
B. they move across the junction by the potential difference.
C. hole concentration in p-region is more as compared to n- region.
D. All the above.
Answer:
In an unbiased p-n junction diode, the holes diffuse from the p-region to the n-region because of the difference in their concentration in the regions. Holes concentration is more in p-region, hence to achieve equilibrium they diffuse towards less concentrated n-region.
Question 5.
When a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction, it
A. raises the potential barrier.
B. reduces the majority carrier current to zero.
C. lowers the potential barrier.
D. None of the above.
Answer:
When a forward bias voltage is applied, The N-region is attached to the negative terminal of the battery and the P-region is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. Negative-negative and positive-positive repulsion occur on both sides, so it opposes the junction barrier voltage, hence the barrier voltage is reduced/lowered. The diagram of a diode in forward bias is shown as below:
Question 6.
For transistor action, which of the following statements are correct:
A. Base, emitter and collector regions should have similar size and doping concentrations.
B. The base region must be very thin and lightly doped.
C. The emitter junction is forward biased and collector junction is reverse biased.
D. Both the emitter junction as well as the collector junction are forward biased.
Answer:
The base region is made very thin and lightly doped, as it’s the main function is to control the flow of electron through the transistor. It’s lightly doped hence less number of majority carriers will be there resulting in a lesser percentage of emitter current flow through the base than the collector. That’s why base current is negligibly small.
Also, emitter junction is always forward biased and collector junction is reverse biased. This setup results in the transistor being in the active region. Otherwise, no current flows through the transistor. (Cut-off or saturation region)
Hence, both B) and C) are correct.
Question 7.
For a transistor amplifier, the voltage gain
A. remains constant for all frequencies.
B. is high at high and low frequencies and constant in the middle frequency range.
C. is low at high and low frequencies and constant at mid frequencies.
D. None of the above
Answer:
The gain is maximum and constant in mid frequency ranges and is low at both high and low-frequency ranges. The figure gives the Distribution of a transistor-amplifier gain over a frequency range.
Question 8.
In half-wave rectification, what is the output frequency if the Input frequency is 50 Hz. What is the output frequency of a full-wave rectifier for the same input frequency.
Answer:
During a cycle, half wave rectifier conducts once and full wave rectifier conducts twice, hence the output frequency for the half-wave rectifier will be same i.e. 50 Hz, whereas the output frequency for the full wave rectifier will be double, i.e. 100 Hz.
Output frequency for full wave rectifier = 100Hz, for half-wave rectifier it’s 50 Hz.
(Actually, this is application of p-n junction diode)
Question 9.
For a CE-transistor amplifier, the audio signal voltage across the collected resistance of 2k is 2 V. Suppose the current the amplification factor of the transistor is 100, find the input signal voltage and base current, if the base resistance is 1k.
Answer:
Given that,
Rc = 2K-Ω = 2000 Ω (Collector Resistance)
V = 2 Volts (Audio signal voltage across the collector resistance)
β = 100 (Current amplification factor of the transistor)
RB = 1K-Ω (Base resistance)
Let, the Input signal voltage be Vi
Base current = IB
We have the relation for voltage amplification as:
⇒
⇒
⇒Vi = 0.01 V
Therefore, the input signal voltage of the amplifier is 0.01 V.
We know that Base Resistance:
RB = Vi/IB
⇒ IB = Vi/RB = 0.01 V/1000Ω = 10μA
Therefore, the base current of the amplifier is 10μA
Question 10.
Two amplifiers are connected one after the other in series (cascaded). The first amplifier has a voltage gain of 10 and the second has a voltage gain of 20. If the input signal is 0.01 volt, calculate the output ac signal.
Answer:
Let A1 = 10 (Voltage gain of the first amplifier)
and A2 = 20 (Voltage gain of the second amplifier)
Vi = 0.01 V (Input signal voltage)
Let, Output AC signal voltage = Vo
We have the relation:
V0 = A × Vi
Output after the first stage VO1 = A1 × Vi
Then, output after the 2nd stage VO2 = VO1 × A2 = Vi × A1 × A2
Hence, the final output = VO = 20 × 10 × 0.01 = 2 Volts
Therefore, the output AC signal of the given amplifier is 2 V.
Question 11.
A p-n photodiode is fabricated from a semiconductor with the band gap of 2.8 eV. Can it detect a wavelength of 6000 nm?
Answer:
Given that the Energy band gap of photodiode, Eg = 2.8 eV
Wavelength, λ = 6000 nm = 6000 × 10–9 m
The energy of a signal is given by the relation:
…. (I)
Where,
h = Planck’s constant = 6.626 × 10–34J-s
c = Speed of light = 3 × 108m/s
So, E = 3.3 × 10–20 J [From equation (I)]
We know that, 1.6 × 10–19J = 1 eV
Therefore,
∴ E = 0.21 eV
The energy of any particular signal of wavelength 6000 nm is 0.21 eV, which is less than given 2.8 eV − the energy band gap of the photodiode. So, the photodiode cannot detect the signal.
(Actually, this is example of application of photodiode)
Additional Exercises
Question 1.The number of silicon atoms per m3 is 5 × 1028. This is doped simultaneously with 5 × 1022 atoms per m3 of Arsenic and 5 × 1020 per m3 atoms of Indium. Calculate the number of electrons and holes. Given that ni = 1.5 × 1016 m–3. Is the material n-type or p-type?
Answer:Given,
Number of Silicon atoms per m3 = 5 × 1028
Number of Arsenic atoms per m3 (nAs) = 5 × 1022
Number of Indium atoms per m3 (nIn) = 5 × 1020
Intrinsic charge carrier concentration (ni) = 1.5 × 1016 m-3
So, number of electrons per m-3 (ne) = nAs – ni
i.e., ne = 5 × 1022 – 1.5 × 1016 = 4.99 × 1022 m-3
If nh is the number of holes per m-3, then according to Mass-action law,
ni2 = nenh
So, nh = ni2/ne
i.e., nh = ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
So, nh= 4.5 × 109 m-3
The number of electrons is higher than the number of holes. So, the given material is n-type.
NOTE: Arsenic is pentavalent and Indium is trivalent. In an n-type semiconductor, electrons are the majority charge carriers i.e., ne≫nh. In a p-type semiconductor, holes are the majority charge carriers i.e., nh≫ne.
Question 2.In an intrinsic semiconductor, the energy gap Eg is 1.2eV. Its hole mobility is much smaller than electron mobility and independent of temperature. What is the ratio between conductivity at 600K and that at 300K? Assume that the temperature dependence of intrinsic carrier concentration ni is given by
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
where n0 is a constant.
Answer:Given,
Energy gap (Eg) = 1.2eV
The temperature dependence of intrinsic carrier concentration is given as
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Where T is the temperature
Eg is the forbidden energy gap
KB is the Boltzmann’s constant (8.62 × 10-5 eV/K)
no is a constant.
At temperature T1 = 600K,
……….(1)
At temperature T2 = 300K,
…..(2)
Dividing eqn. (1) by eqn. (2), we get
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
So, ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Hence, the ratio of conductivity at 600K to that at 300K is 1.09 × 105.
NOTE: 1. Eg is the forbidden energy gap which is the energy gap between the valence band and conduction bands.
2. Intrinsic semiconductors are pure semiconductors with fewer conductivities. Trivalent and pentavalent impurities are added to intrinsic semiconductors to form p-type and n-type semiconductors respectively. This process is called doping.
Question 3.In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAALUAAABACAYAAABcDDYDAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAhPSURBVHja7Z2/c9NIFMfXFKngWn4c6w4OSrx2S8WYDYGCIhNkjYeZ3F2KjEczAWZcZAabLsMFeqiAKvwDd0Uor0n+gbsbwj8A+RdMTrvSKuvNrn7YWlkSr3gz4NiSvfro7XffvveEXrx4gcDA6mQwCGAANdgMg4xQgxmMRTFjCANWwMXwXHqPUnd9Y2fnPIxJdtvZ2TjvUrpOXe9eGrBh0CzacLhxwSV4t+N6azAe85vndtYwcXc3hsMLAPWCgO4R/Iq44/swHvnZuE9WMOm9ivPYMFCWJAcDGlPvCYyHBY9N8RPcHTw1gQ2DZMFGDnmA8fIeaGh7GnsZ4z3ijB4A1AUNOMX4I/VGt2A8LDoOj97CmH7U6WsYIAteGhH33aJkj2/nVEvxvkYVx9ol6J3OWwOIeXvpq+jTIhaHwQyB9n1Av/t2Epr/b3LUH40uq5pUet93hOl+FaXS2CX30VX6SfXWAGPeUyJqHaoQFf8d0DcGLKbuKOl9/nueV1X7j0b9ywThA1XqAYw1kR4aT3yCu4NncUC0m/RN1RezOgkCMOZoPYLe25Yeih5umD0YOtJNzfLUXYcYOpcgpPceoK5o1INt6NB2840P8yTQwq3D1c3t6yYPxry1biHFvuvdJnm7SJmUexREmnEAyBz1XQu19m2BMhz2r7Qx/pPlPwQX07nGvTEiX/rD4RWDZj7m3lqRGNubd1psV66u4w5AVgRqJm2YRpZDcYMufhZq56fmaAg+vrO53Zo+Vn227wHqgqfBXKXNVfQpDMNNzphhccr1JgvbtXofZI9Pmnff1mW3Uyf7AMgKQB0u/L7oPHKKzx3J3tr37k+zHgegBqitQa2u8uWIiOmzcniPLzRrtoUPUFcbau2ikMsJkrzJwj7rut21uiwQAeqKQ81MhOiCMN7wF3mxmLToiz7LQnw1y++OhdqQDNOw+YUWcc6qQn3qrZNzOwze+ph7+pLHpkUtYloOYqFWklyYTUh/vGLzByzinNagfnzj4dLSTQbYRXs3jnON5RGLqEeznW6bOwrvlWALPw7mzc3VVrdLnmOM/ku7mPVv9os3l5Y+33g8eqiVH+yO5gsSXFxSziLOWUVPXXdjZVqo2fyn2UT/mmLvM2nqaJWt2YWyBsMCzglQlxjuMLYOUMdr9Yb0ula/mxLqZX2XlEgEUAPU1s5pSvrRLbRYYaz0uv8a/iYGhx3HoeQJ03csKcjrkt/8xdZX9nnc6r1Ws98A6hpAbSodMlijCKjDpJ+/qLu1LBZWcnyXN0UR4S3pfDwPGpEjxxtdU8Jg/AZgCzIxaGIzQ956BqhrAnV4cSdpLK5VQJ5Qp0n6kcqeeFom88gsoqDbZWNbymps9zQPAx/LnwGoQX7kfs4sST/yDl27jfdMGxI6qE2vA9T5zN4AteY4aQcjymCLqQ4xQa0b+CxQZ7jwpTVbs/cPo6mlcyUfJ2XST9BwBv8dV8uXBPWsnjrthS+zgaaeQ1PzaEYgKyZxXjU6ToqkH175gZf3vLF3yZRInyw/QFODpp4Rar74C28KfiMZPLEUsTgRYTxd0k8QIWnvid1LOYtNvRkiqKU6P94nr4U+qL0yAOoSQs0uFvNgYst6dTj8uYiEprhzqn00kkqmkpJ+hNcPIyQN8R1EhITdWHIhq4CafV7cJAOn47Bjqt4boM6Fh3NBeDUImaZJcEuT0DQlGwpKaDKeM+rAE4KSpgNSXNJP6MmnJNHZ74C/igESUHeou0UwOuB/x+RAxMEB6hxn7GDG/JpFuqaSH2UzDpUkN4pu62XS1MaLAlAXbgB1xaFOEwUCqEsO9SzyIy/jTwJgC8Iw5JcE0rxQqwlT6vmiXBSEjvP8/XmFZgHqTDrLXyiGUYng/+TAdt51uOD8nEXbzQP19ubq9RZGh9Hi1l80d53BioBI7WiaJ9RhtEHdhY2KNuTXylgKVskaRba4Cx+FcI6X95f0kROzVr7wmHnQpXQSZRaKekKlZVgWOZQJaik8qQuxipuqjFCHlS9HxsqX8mom7qUmZS5HmgVq8dvkdroseiMSrtSaQhtQjxx6e2oTybBvwGYi6oxuA9Q/UkhqBqgZKB3q/aqFXZMJqIN6Xs079rxLU/AaoGbfyfPGl0oK9WeA2pb+zzH6wXZSkzy1stk0yUOaVa28Dvp+VATqyFMrckuFmj98lHa2RCfUHBfJADVYvlAHi8ezUR4Z6qBsrf0y7xZiADVY7lCLB4vqFoPT2/bkoy6zEKAGqHOFYd7+1GFylTFsKaBut9tvuI4Okn4aPzLU0J+65FCzmLEuGqKTH3GPv9BERVJHRwBqsNhpMIuH5im4xH2u+9s01EGYL64TqpTxdjK1WxhTZFFZqOGZL3bN9ATWJKB5aVmr91r1rGz7nBD6h7hgasVNVOCgkSFqnsxpPz1zkUUVoQ6S3qajRABjjqZ7/FmihnY6TtCRNMq3mDJRASInWJHu4HcBsShw6DgDRy6I1SV/hf1NjJ1PF1EoMq/pHvMHMNqYChOmeGGe21mLr+8MChamUgWklg9nE69O2/pGUPszh/D8fEPHkGqgPUfZUxO4nsaH8MRb67oa7WeVINa+i9oHxZ9FTO0NKjszap6rDjAuWILYhlqemoOISfkbr88jPQBqSzCxGkkbGyPzQq3rV1JVE20udItZANGGt+6TlSzauiiow9zt46pDLZ4yZvodAKElcwneDYsbFhI92NhY/UleKIr/p3lGTJkt2nUl7q7xPQCgPU/JwGbepGiwTe0G5PYPVQXaczuPGNBxMXQAsACwO673CCrAiwEaoC7Itly6TKm7Dj1B5nAOlK6nzRuHQQOrn1eHQQCrm/0PMoKqdBb4TDoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
Where I0 is called the reverse saturation current, V is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and I is the current through the diode, kB is the Boltzmann constant (8.6 × 10–5 eV/K) and T is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode I0 = 5 × 10–12 A and T = 300 K, then
(a) What will be the forward current at a forward voltage of 0.6 V?
(b) What will be the increase in the current if the voltage across the diode is increased to 0.7 V?
(c) What is the dynamic resistance?
(d) What will be the current if reverse bias voltage changes from 1 V to 2 V?
Answer:Given,
Reverse saturation current (Io) = 5 × 10-12 A
Temperature (T) = 300K
The diode current (I) is given by the relation,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Where Io is the reverse saturation current
V is the voltage across the diode
kB is the Boltzmann’s constant
T is the absolute temperature
e is the electronic charge (1.6 × 10-19 C)
Note: The value of kB (in electron volts) is 8.6 × 10–5 eV/K and also 1.38 × 10-23 kg m2s-2K-1)
(a) For V = 0.6V,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
So, I = 5.42 × 10-7 A
(b) For V = 0.7V,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
⇒ ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
So, I = 3.74 × 10-6 A
Hence, increase in current = 3.74 × 10-6 - 5.42 × 10-7 = 3.198 × 10-6 A
(c) ![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAASIAAAAiCAYAAAD7ydQCAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAABFHSURBVHhe7V1daBvZFT5X7NsWNn0z68dKSroxbKF2Q5XAlgaiWIZuNm79oIcqkK2cBtYWC+7WWSPHWnfdkLKRs9Ss1A1UfdBSt0m7UEt1IRBDpTZrl24gDrGkPAby1ph2Hz2337kzI43GskaWY1tOZsBgzcz9OefOHJ2f7356aWpqitzD1YCrAVcD+6mBl/ZzcHdsVwOuBlwNsAZcQ+Q+B8+1BuLhY3I4cpbSRVPMXormbtBY6Tz5YitE0Vs01X1XdKISwodua/7fD4q1wgj5iDyJRELu9jzVmKMrQkZvEqVPe6amdn9M1xDt9qq6/e+rBuLhQ/K47yxR8haVC0HyUoXyw6/TdIkou35S5KIrMrSvM+y8wbNPT3oWoivaAJEwrZ4yTquXhEwHd80wuR5R5z0L7oyekQbyV8epGJih8miQsomE7vV0v0fB9az61/daL9GDZzTYLnTDRuFy8Cl9lkjsQu9bd+k7Cr2s1pzE8io8R9pdZ8w1RHu6xO5ge6WBeBwhGd6lQDJUM0INB1+jvse3ZSjNL1svJXNLtL6sGy0O62avfkgxdY37usdGTMT7nkgRyuDEDOWGHtJ0LENFtI2ibbfRNox7IrinGhGqHiKUk3PUT4s0exz9Fo1+ER4GbeEhj+FBe4kxShya5S+S+dk+ZjpEdZ7Kdx5f0frTBBkgT2mJRitGW8wgmvsfpUPCI8t/2xiOvCXMkDUQnaFMagReI3kq129XNdUHb2hgkr2jQT6nTS5iPn/HfB5BhjrdfEnFmE/NA7Jr5wYyolBnuyK0oP2aQuJvNHsCshdM2W9SESGga4j26s1wx+lMDaQfEpWXSKYqNIuwLfbnReSMYISUIUNYl7uHz1mhjNV8jjKFuESuRpSTvdIXu0mliRsUnOoSE4+vyND0dYSAcemFoeG2PXWGa5WSZTZCGOf4WZofQr9BGDXOYSF8fJz7SppGjBWVWO4Spdle5IjYoODon/OUZlc3/KM3BY9ZpDlPPvryRv/0dVGSI5qP4tUc0unUnyj6m7fo/rVPKeYnz/pUl+S+IvKGUEZIVjYwB5HuuQUjFyRfBfP1n0Ue6jDyQkEqz9aWarkaqt1EaIacUTAhfWJRG/YPCvrLv4lSPk9u+I2Ngfm8KGk+zSeO0QXPIB299iUVYJhk7uKGZ2BVXFtjI/QIRmiQ5n+EdgVcKy9uXEA/PQv/1VxD1JmvhzurvdJA9E1azibEMsYLv9YrY0aolkjcFd1T7xEu6nbgzFGi+7ZJBQZpoN9LWTRWYZ79uuX2gPl/JUfzcJOKxdfZW5KTk/qFQKlCsH/OB8YMYcxReBuV670kGoyZSPzTM5ZkIwbjIGEc6BgNH39CEwUvhUYxRCVP8//4NiV/GyQ/PKCp7F3J9/9m9HPxFy2o0fXmuXvoxtN9+WdEK5/RFBybhrrZQvY/FCUVC99S3pVABl7JXq64VTPnlXfvOJga+Aa9hrc//eARwp6aBOFXbssIwYtBiOUklwqvpldhNFZI2QuESa0cbMRSuYg8Pn0e1boVOclhW/IGrcPgERLoKmSCF6Y+m4eRt2ql/1bu8Y68Tz+JvUW/yr+DCuGHRBNL8EiMEC789cZdBI5wda6lg8Mv6EZs1k3Q88nCjzdOTL8N2VY0EWLZ2TMTntGy2IDsIlm6QzGf8EyZVcD1z1xD1JLW3ZsOnAYSiawID8HDiXHYcw9hjxkGXUEVTRenbEtUWz/reSAOp5YoCIPBBsw3/5DKLWhCD+s+pwm5RMtmktw0NN7D1EMrFLu6SOUUh3Go5M1+RKWBuXrD1MI4zW6pekXT34PTNIiQElEUTKDKe5tz+NUilVJBzRc+RrORKyR7LpHfQ55cVMJgrMGbwjWEfPlh6Ox+iUraaU08CpO3/BEh3KJra3eoCINSvv7Ghv/3DwXrxkeL2gWU3N7fuEP9QujhIgyNwk17j0H2f1GMx/3ktOaLhw3Zf00vxeNhOXscsXF9Vg2teikQOEoTmXfhnTp/e+xQb7vW3EwsRnNfVROJuzZYmx0fhDm2Kdq+NuMSfTl5FEnj1ylthkEBfEMjHokTDM0kJ0zP0mLyniz4PyLr53j/I0oGMvjmfhmeUET2DSE0K2YoNPwmyTGGBXDbFfINH677HJkNUWGUvTHcK5DQrpabdK+IDWSqPCMJ2Caf8od0XFO31TvCWQU98K+QhPHI5UM06stpEeCepFwhP8bUxtaqn8/N9nOiWH/ZLYc39EP6buzn1LNwh8eqJrTZSKVKv9QwB+E3fLIAEublFCAOZy5qngF9nHOv6f3K8i8p4P85jNRNJUNq9E26FvgdvJyvsW60kqGbgQs/IO0TL30T10IeJbumT0f3ioTgvNDMBp0bFDB4+vmFTyntFZ6XWDHxwi35AMm1tAXcpSoGUFbIl+FqgWzFld3Xp+4FG1zHyNykIbuL/4LpwUnc7HqXCCLXE7TeiLxPgrrw4iIHxAe8FSSH6z+z5xB8Dwll/ZbldTKu36UE0ka1Pm2f2fOpHJLzBNiAHKlW7MKvPIFHlVPJbE52d1v6NvNQ1ikmsk9F8LI+73WeL/JQ5meiu/QBz8G4zh5HsMFOrUT2Px6+h5Y/2GSk+FrdHNBnNnEXo3XRZW6j9KL3C3k9p3DulKkr1s2pn9GUOgFzDN1cVrr8gsSjsvYH+hCJa1TWYPzYIwofeqLnq5DMJvGO59VT/5FmWzPPZCSr9Xi6XhF3YaDuSWJvKXaeH3hZF9M6PQEdcp2rD+qBW95bLMZ2xG9rjuWHqjQ8tJ2B3Hv3RAOVBZSk6SghB6sOjjryw+eJet50gBLsyfR2dZBK7o9UlCy7JB8sEWTX8heQL4LsHPZthdRuWjVT3lJmRs77xlVMK1O2MI7BYsA4eCvX6Tju0aM7JOI+PUqxt5VrBrfzKyTLLlJEYS3gydkwE7xIlfxHFJnGdSM8tN5TxWw06Yu/bRr1b29rLY+yRzEcGbdB/2s4EHO1th6/lnCs70t3wbstyVDdu6zhRlTYG70E3AZcYeBDFCbFkM+cY7M25eE3jDCC9NBBuf8mRqWCosjO9Gl9Up305CT7rj71Hdq5d/QG5R6cRzShr83k5BWsN94VrLfudTy/h3fkBi08eJsGELbhoVShGcu+9glgAikjR9VAfOfyvUpsITy+v4a0WpBGC/dIeUnsesIImYjVAqoEZnKPPSfEgggdxun+9EVayMyhStElMpzwQ/Kwx8BMVPNTwDOUC3NVCH4o/WHVA2NvoVlfHL+/MvGuwnLo/Tdua3+5eG49jBGpJjGBGWlw2Me/irEyuSMUCWEvDg49RKr1Fe47pHISZJdRuepLSkaFV4E+4VwrvIgpX9X4mXm7Ldosd58UMne0Tt/cFhgVPd+3A32aa9NINhPzUp2ng+zP7+vWXDL+AqfukwiHTlpufMrvynOvEsjuoVe/j1Dt+3Wyf/ZBc9mdDRHVh221akR9BaFSWoX7c2lT5r9nolYN8A4MUgAJt/sGZkItGMfK1fgUL/bYjAykx+kBUvB2XEWjvmjoXY6hVcpN779xW+sTYEL/MwYGJJE1MSMODwrG4uoLI0uCeMhgcCkPIBtvIzD78vaHaCgAD9IAxhE9ogfw9KwIX5ZxPtLsmWynDX/b7Fyf5trw7Jz0ZL++WXbn966PgYDIJDsfDUrezo3cOw6IBlowRJslMV/4P+fnlLHQPZvblMwE8XI2cT0N76oJ7mvbauvxA5TOaLQWj9ah/5s7tI/VqC82Bn098Erh8YRRnuXE5Jlor0zH4CXBe+MqZAJVyCCykFt9QzIOZbttWhR/69tsa+Okp1Zkr+7vajK55e73kMNrbfZs+Fs5EArt7saoVibh3rMtDbRgiPRvZ7Ims722b33kJGLAKpRhE3QcauuHniPK0dXpm3SfgWMG0pTDwYNyFGFkGCVbP9+ax8ihVBmhFOfBuArJBimHULSKMWkgaDttuJu91qeT7PuxhihOOIIV92Ne7phba8DZEFXWFHI9MFTbPFgLzz6nPjmHisDLFJ34atsVgfoc0ZJqXzDyDgdp0czNkPY5w9BUT2WRCwoiDM1McA5pXOFReE9Ts2O7bfZDn63I3kxGNzQ7SE/67s3V0RCpPABXwga8DLeoHt7RSxRF4nl69gj13I/QGWTEl7cRIqmO2JMqom+EdK248c9GDY2h/+317dyXSmYjH5QxEvvZ5adiIkoyZIRujeRup82z16eTbE7XW9PoboRmrY3s3tVJGjAMkRF+WeKhKqARhoLpDewYIj2PQch9jAMyf4+6TSi7KZ2Bc6kLsQzvqqoA3xFEfBmaX+B6nE67MAxqgU1Ho76Mm6zJVbNd3Tlb24bQf4XzAMx+bAuY/RbjK3jDRETGQpZtBBxqArJ/lZDYNkv4xXG6CnSsyqcpxkD803O4Znwb9e/Uxqa7vsdPkKfbgT5ta+OkJ859tSR7Jz3t7lw6VgPVLR6qcJE+y5v7VK5jcpKxLuBbyYyo3cmNJOg/gzcKDSdGvXV4Qb2kjf0p3GUIYRtK2al+nRpBQYU4cQu0NiFpO4FEbsjIsSw+vgVszSW6inlU2/kYo2TrS50zcEtoyyXn1Jbn6tsyTmcT9H/xCSVRlm8E2LTLYkeZc/m9nIxYthHcBo7oEo1BJ3pu9TCqaL00b9lmYMWUNNIVgUaiWRvulZG3Nd31SsWFU0i0p88Ga8NIeic9Ocvesc+9O7EO04Da4mGFstfP7ykboeZTZhoFmzek4OlWWD1QzQxRZ1qFaoHEiPM4KVvDWzDM3HKf0a5RX+2eM4WxQ/8ZRt/o2CRLg13Sm7YRrJtweTYY4EMOnqQg/1UHqGFKttJVszZmN3W6M5Dj7eqz0drwOE56aib7fj/rB5qvGpg4//wg7SVf9X6ul2OOyDo5PRkKqHoGrG9eJng6j/wOhzPPN1p0PxfIHbs9Dbh81e3pbS9bWbmwt2WI9Emu0Dy2e/CuZUbwTm0Rtu2lQO5YrgbsGjjwfNVgDtgPvuq9fJKsXNhtGCJs90AOh16QvTN7uTDuWM9GA05gzNoonctXbXJib5evmmXjjaazw+eFybWtuLVRte03ea+x35N/Kkjmf7rh6c/gp4Msn0P4/N0ZWgAX9y94fyhzZk88pMMD4M+2n2fuagHu6gYc1DpFrK0vRftxR3Fm58BhZOXC3pYhqs8nvRh7Z57Nq+H20pEa6GC+aubE9s8bWtsGX7UyQse/JWI94NOWzEeNwo4fvNwoQQn0k49mNvrxL/ec+KILJGikWT+XmGIWvNjl396hwsAROoF6lDg9R6VrD8gPju6687xvcgsOah6rnNQ5tsvvf4od+XPgtn55Y+AXH4tSPzi2R5Y8C6v4TDoX9rYMUUc+TO6kXA20q4HnkK96Mx/1Uxm83AVKokStUOSkL+bF9sJWiRHPKZDlZ9EWhXCNAoPCet77KK+Bg1o04qAmJqRmEn7Fse0jRZXNP1O0xf4u1xA5LYp7/QBq4MXmq97bBeOfLNrMQd2IqK3ZvFxDtLer5o62Bxp4ofmq7XzUzAs9nAMXkP6bZX9V/NNrCNukpv+MEBbkJ20uitcP+jeDgzpVz0EdA/1r2PL7aFuOYHBhu4aozTVwm3W2Bg48XzU4sRlZvF2+6k181IGIgtjgp7XVr2bExwz+aTGuSAonrvVSGlu1AsmSFh/I0wnFkw1e7AuwUOnTimI2Hv66hvPCfp5/VihVmgH3NTioTf5tg4NaVj7eOBGrtdHGSto5g3P73PXNXNiuIers98md3Q40cKD5qg1AcDt81XY+aqZPMYHEJo+1Dq69Cy5ug8AN/NTMxV3lpgb/NE3hj5Pa4LdudN68Vsd9bfzWGXDJdW2YY7vGe72ZC9s1RDt40N2mrgbsGniR+ap38jS4hmgn2nPbuhqwaeBF5qveycPwf5h7MHto/HrrAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
So, dynamic resistance = ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
i.e., Dynamic resistance = 31269.5 Ω = 31.26kΩ
(d) If the reverse bias voltage changes from 1V to 2V, then the diode current remains equal to reverse saturation current. So, dynamic resistance will be infinite.
NOTE: A diode is said to be in forward bias if the p-side and n-side are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery respectively. Electric current flowing through the diode in this condition is known as forward diode current. If the p-side is connected to the negative terminal and n-side is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, then the diode is said to be in reverse bias.
Question 4.You are given the two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.44. Show that circuit (a) acts as OR gate while the circuit (b) acts as AND gate.
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAfsAAAB1CAIAAADGJN+ZAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAK4NJREFUeF7tXQdAVEcTvjt6FQuIFUVN7FFRLCAgxYK9K3ajYoxB1Fhj7NjFFv8kNmxYYgEbNrABNiygoqKoKKIgKr1f+b/jEkRAOO7egztuXkiMx+7s7Ld739udnZ3hikQiDj2EACFACBACKoAATwX6SF0kBAgBQoAQECNAjE/zgBAgBAgBVUGAGF9VRpr6SQgQAoQAMT7NAUKAECAEVAUBrrKf3J4+dSrkdkhl8WNklPtvrVq1zOqZaWhoqMoYUj9VCYH1a9cGBQYNcxnes1cvfX19Veo69ZUBBJSb8XNycoYNGqynr9/Osl1CQmJigviJjo5+/+5d7Tq1GzTE0yj3P43MG5hra2szABiJIATKFYEJ48Y3bdYsMvL5jevX7e0dBg4e1LFTJy6XW65KUeNKg4ByMz5gTkxMHDpo0HAXl7Hjx+ehnpWV9Toq6vnz5y8iI19EvsD/4K/GxsY/tGrV2cams61N9erVlWaISFFlQyA+S5gj5NTUYcVkOnH8j1jgOzg6fv78+dSJE0ePHElKSu4/YACov27dusoC1adPn5YvWRoR8RR780rYmGN7XqVynbp1JeuzSpUqKUtHlE5PpWd8IP4uJmbooMHLPDzs7Lt8awAEAkH0mzd379y9dvVqcFCQSfXqNra2tna2Fm3bampqKt2wkcLliADWE3w+X09Pr7AOIQn8iffTn6QIQfbVtLjrmusMrc3w7Mpj/LzWnzx+fPTI0VMnT4ItBw4a1KOns66ubpH4vHr5ctfOnbdv3dLW0u7Zu9eIUaOK7EUZYIvd+Y9jxxkaGo4cPRp7c+zOP336/Pp1VOTzyJcvXmjraIupv2GjBuIteqNGjRpWMzYuA61UoYmKwPgYpzshIb9M+fmU3xlpZoZQKAwLDQP14webAMv27bv36N6zV28tbS1VGHLqo5wIzHSfHoxVw40b6urq+UWFJvKtr6WmCb58hlX+9tY6I+oyOa8KM76kPXDo5UuXjx05cvv2LUenroMGD8LEzm/teRAWNmH8jyNHjezWvXtKSsruXV7v37/fvW+vgYGBnIDIVj0tLW3EsOH2DvZu7u4FJMTGxkbmbtCfP8ceXfwH3kzYmmOV1snKqrzeUrJ1U9FqVRDGB6wb1ns+fPhgp5dXqWyasPsHBwYdP37s0YOHg4cOGTFyZM1atRRtkEgfxUEgOSl58cKFgdeueaxa1bVb1/yKOQSlXornF1C1miY31tlQjTk7+7cYP6/dTx8/nvAVW3sy0tMHDBo4YODAWrVr47c9unb7ZZqbc8+eeSVnTHPHcdeMX38tL3ih6sB+/X9b+LtT16+QLKzPs2fPrl0RL9HCQkObt2gO6sdPk6ZNy0tz5W234jA+NtrDBg/u3afPmHHjZBiPqKio/Xv3+hw7btmh/egxY3AaJoMQqlLhEdi3d2/dumZBgddevXy1w2tX/v6q+yTmW9//+xt9dc6MD+crJ71jCpngoMDJU6bAjl+iwEcPHx47chTObPXN6/dw7rl/376AK5fz1wq5fRvnwDgDK1FU4QJwi8AKSYaKBarcu3tvymTXk2fOmJiYSCMtIyPj1o2boH486WlpsE3BLlSvXj1p6lIZIMDK4VK5IIsttuemTVu3/BHx9KkMCmDSLMDa7cb1zp1tli5a3N3R6dSJkzLIoSoVGwGsNK07Ww8eOhSkA+PDV50t0l9GxOFyuDweYz/Sw/vd99+379ihxQ8tnz55+iA0tDClmtaokcPnV61WtbQ/mlqaJ3x9pdekmJJtLNpgY/3r9BlSuonr6OjguG7hksV4ex06egQOeEMGDho/duyVS5ellMCI2kosBDBVpOf4sWMg68yMTDk7BTttrx49Rg53gRlRTlFUvcIg8PDhw749e/259X/4adWixR+bN+fvWtegFM7xhAI/xqcTBUIhgwhgVe5/8WLxAqHnkoWL2rVuM2LYsGNHj8JiDsee1i1awoaZv+IJH1/McBl0wwmwvY2tDBWLrILdOVh7+9/bZBOYmZmJ0wuMC1TauX1HclKSbHJUpBZHmn5iZuzZvVuakopQxm3q1LWrV8uvCSai186dbVu1XrdmDfaS8gskCcqOwKIFv9+8cQPsiWe3l5etlTW8API69SCRr3/yK8bX8U04FJ3FbK+LYfyPHz+C8py7dYdimzZsiH4Tnb/pxb8vHDd6NNhf8mFEREQny/Y4kJBBPWYZHwq8jY5u18Yi/FG4DMrkVYGByN3NDS+2jZ4b5F/zyaOJItctmfHhA9Cvd58mjb4rsEBQ2F7BA8Hih1aY/YxoGBcXN+2XX2ysrEpcWDHSHAlRWASweMQXIU+95OTkpt99D9tOfoXvJeR0uJys4ZOg6Ztgfi7JJ4ZhukdbhRk/Ozv7/LnzrhMmYtvx64yZN67fyP8eylMPK5h5s+fgqwGvtjEjR+F/fI4flw1txhkfapz0PdHVwUH+pVVMTMwU18lY71+5fEW23lXsWiUz/sULFw4dPIiFAxa8yoIF1mIrPVYwqO314GDMoZXLPYr8LjHYEIlSTASwCP3J1dXSom3eojgoMBAM62RvD3f4AjonZQs/ZgpY6kh+xkfTy5Yswep42OAhRw7/k5qaWmKj6Ai27OfPnstb7JdYpXABNhgfrbj9PBVbExn0KVwFdI8vLKj/3bt3jAisMEJKZnwYSbCc2bVjZ3enrsV0G8bKlU8z6p1LrHEmceaD9HQ+k7bL0sLN7DJf0nru5d7BmJSwG5ZWHyqv7AiATLF4xBP/4YOkLx/j4yWfYGKUZe/A+L4+PrAp9XZ27tzJynPderiZlaUCaIslxkdHYERNSmTGEI/vKd4fELhj23ZaqOXNkBJ8dT58+KCpqYU7Gn3794t69er+vfvfOqSe/Sjjt8eZUemi91mijS+yhtxOK8fjbFNTU7hpbv/rbwZ1wM3vPfv3QeDYUaOTkpIYlEyiFB8B3PqpmfvkXfGrWq2a5JMyDglQ3dQUW9gHoWFz58+/GhQ4feYMMzMzxQdQGg3REXtHB69dX/m8SlOxyDJaWlq423XU1+fcWT9cmoPtS2ZRFaliCf74f/3vz+fPnhnnusreCA5GCKeVa1YX7n8aX1TldFL21/kTb7YTNir6sndZABgfHz988JDTZ/2YvVGFV+XqFSsvXQrYtXsPbq+URU+kaAOz+U7IHYu2FpjlUhSnIsqNQFZmVvneD8fiDzESAq5eYRzHN2/eDOzbL+DKFcNKhkwJB1wz3N0Ry+HPv7cxKJYp9cpYTnGMD3YbPmTo/oMHJLfJcUg19acpN0JuF77lHJMhrH0uuYDq3+12N3gdVsb9yd8cToEs2rXbm7swZ/bx2rnr0MEDPidPfiuACbPNlSgNFgYnB0d1NTVE0EVErRYtW5ZYhQoQAjIjwB7jQ6W5s2ebmtZwnzFdZvUKV4RVZ6WHR9C1wJ27vZhdAjKoZNmIKo7xcXoO93ZE3pCogmBkLZs2+2XatMlTfiqgHN4N5heS36SLhP/9QleNE+dcSV+9PIO4IiTTmFGjA68HswHlnFmzhALhWs/1bAgvrUwwvnP3Hj4nfOF9gWuWOrq6uFvfr38/aaIMlbYtKk8IgPFHurjM++03NqBAWM31a9ZiOYUI58zK371rF7z+vfbuwd00ZiUrkbRvMv7DBw/AHfDosrGzk8QPgcfOw7AH6hrqYBOEHS7QyeBPfKegVBh2wPFCEce7ne4wpqMGygBrl842f+/YzsYAYwMxoE/fCZMmYU0tg2LMVpEw/u27dyAWb1/cnkdYFThZtWtnOWjw4C4O9pQfhlnAVVwaJv9GT893MYyFjiiAJ8jHzt5+8dIljOOMJSyu5Z84fUplk8kwGVfnQ5bwSExOlkA0oKZGPT01xkdLBoG4eWhaw9T1p4KbEhlEFa6CsPsjhg7zPnwI4VwZESizkPyMnycE7nfn/M7iyiVCD/bu2xfBFCnylMwIU8WyRODmjZurV670OXmCjUYXzP8tJSV505YtbAhXfJlMxtUx0eL9bK41o5G2gtA90Lfr0gWeuSwNA4h+1pw582bPZkm+nGJx3IL9x4HDh+CuAG8r14mT4M+HjS3ui8opmaoTAqwi0LZd26ioV4isyUYrvy9ciCxJB7292RCu+DKZZHwF7G2Hjh1xSyUlueCpMlOqglLhFIQghUwJZEMOUiPhHAyefPMXLHj08JGDnR0uE+EKMUx2bDRHMgkBORGAq0inTlZXr7CyVoOb05atfyC4OphBTj2VsXoFZ3yMrkW7toGBgSyNDY/HG+4ywnvffpbkMygWaQMQAnrdBs9rwcHY+mz762/rjh1XLF/+LCKCwVZIFCHACAJd7O3Z253XNzefMetXXMtnRFXlElLBGR+DYWNjg+hX7I0KooSfP3cOiTLYa4JZybDwDB027J9jRw/98w/898ePGduvV2+EfadrZcziTNLkQcDWzg7xa+EfKI+QYurC/eTp06dwOmJJvsKKrfiMjwRAse+/jmPO6GhUrVrVxs7Wx+c4o1LLQli9+vVnzpp17XrwzNmz7t65Y2vdGTG2EGecva9ZWfSK2qgQCBibGNeuXfve3bss9QbZreHGdkD1rPkVn/GR7gEevizNG4lYJFFB0kQs81etWIkItC2aNEVcclxYY7VRpoTDMNXZxmbj5s2BwUGdrDpt2by5c8dOq1euwulWMU0goNjI4cPR047tLFd5rFD8/cHTJ088161bv3btHi8v9AsRYbf99VfeX5kCk+QwiADSudy/d49BgQVEuYwYgZx3uJHLXhMKKLniM34142ofP8azCj3WI4jdNnrEiM+fP3kfOohrySNGjZo/Zy7uQ7HaLrPCDQwNh48YcczXZ2/uwmeUiwsucR3Y71343BtX8+b8OmuYiwt6evCfw6B7FGbveLy03YxOFy59kukWln76fQ5uJ0iqN27SBDc5kckEh/n4Ky4owJiL5FDoRWnlU/myQcDEpDpinrPXFqKkIEEYrq2gCcwTrAngglHhw+8w6Y/P3tjIIzk9PR3JgMIjZEmFKGW7mCvjxoy1tLTc9McXJ1/kYoa3PmwmyNMmpRyZixXpjy+zNElF2HYCr16DOz/OvW3tbLEFtrK2xoYAIQltOlnt9d4PDs1rYvq0aQ0bNvz5l1/kbFT+6ncT+LaBqVlC8U3AHBHHtZ7mX62/RHcaN3oMAmNs/etPfMPdf3FbvsID7zn5GyUJbCCABRNmoOemjWwIl8hE5FFNTY3mzVsg6DSHy0UOxU+fPrpNc3cZOYK9RkslOTlHdPxddiqf07uGhpnuVwv07du2YZkFv6buzs7ffffd7Vu3ggKD8A1FEMkGDRt8q5WKz/joebPvG98Jvc8e88Jx2MneYbvXLgsLi/xAuwwd1rRZ02bNm5dqjGUonJKSsnnDRvRRhrolVkE04FMnTx775wgWXP0G9EdCYJ/jPtjK5K8Yev/+b/Pmnzl3tkRpbBewvppy47MgL9oHmrvbRb+NkTgwFJ7Xr1/36Np1y9atcbFx1apV69q9G9v6kHyZEYDlEIGOJQFrWXrgsIBgO6GhoRs2bexkZYVWsFD7aRLurkxUhM1fWJLA9lpKCh8vI+xCOHssdEfW1cyDAsbqwf0HtG7TZv3GDZIPkfpxwaKF7Swti4FLJRj/+wYNHz19wl6kASx727dtd+TY0QLhHBDKPDUlBUfHLM3XPLFQ4Mb16/cesBu3DrSOfHK4wduwUaO8aEsSHWD079+njyIc+T5Zfk2k/uVbocbl/NFSZ7L5l5CiuGSP2zedrK3WrFvH9riQfHkQgL88UnqxuoxAZphlS5fOmTu3d98+eapiyw4HtqvBQewxhpSwtApIfpQszHNX0uJx3vcwrKz5ZaWPTE0gmVN+fljU44YNbMujRo8uXnjFZ3yczCBX0ZPnz6REWYZid+/edZvy8zCX4Qgzl1cdOTTsrDufOutXo0YNGWSWqgobVp08BWAAgXvr0X+OIEY0PPodHR09li2/Engtvz0ENPrm9evFy5aWSm02CrcKzH6W9lXY7gtWek4mGvnfjs0bNzl+wrflDz+woQDJZAqBmLdvh8MuGhzElMDCchBj3GXoUJh8C5A7spy2aWNhZGTEXtMlSs7iaa5qNbVAsVMd9HrV+DKZ8VsYVOGLuG3H9vlz58GqDKuOqjM+0vM62nW5GxZaIsQyF8De80l4eGBQ0KIlixGvGHIQyWC62zSzemZLly+XWaz0FVli/OjoaETTQ/CpSpUMYcdHcJ4qVapAK0QrioyM3LhlMzxT8ddzZ88uXPD7wcOHi7EeSt8XOUv6vMseeCsdsx4rI0RubV9ZLdBGH7fP8sTipnHjho1O+Z2hKENyQs129cjnkVMmu14ICGCvoTshISOGDb9z/16B4xx4oA0ZNhRJb9hrukTJsOX8ZOCczf3XICkpf9tOv13lrz7JjZTuUKdOnXUbNsCaX6LYkrMelnFCNcabwx6tm4Mj42LzC/x58k/IHQqjR4+u3ZBdE8kRW7doibMgWDlYbTdPOFLxIdkpU20hBBtW9EiNAJlLFy8JfxReQDL65bFsGfo4ZOAge1s7pMOEFx1Trcsv50Jcdo+glNYByYsep6fkFMy+iaR6DczqYTssf0MkgVUEwkJD+/bqzWoTCJ7c3dEJHlz5Wwnw98cXmdV2pRQ+/1E673gCJ/dH3Seh45XkIisu/n0hKEhKmRWf8U+dOCk9HFKiVqAYfPCRu0fy4ePw8Fs3b2JjIZso2WoxwvjIGgHrzayZM0Hlk36cABMnPNWK0Qcnuuhp4feBbF0om1owdG7ZtAkXzXDDHkvIsmmUWpENgevB12Fyka2ulLWQ+nzntu34/sIsie8sokAjQTwWOmhaSgmsFhMncnmaUcsvsfKpxIn30hKzi04evnzpUnc3Nyk1qfh2fDhgwbbFbEqd/FsnvFF27tjhe+pkyfsp1krIadWBwRSmm+NHjyGVysBBg5BKpXz3s6zhRIKVCYF/Dh8OuR2ydj2LB+xW7TscOnoEe1a4uiFWCv4HR/q/uE1r3aa1EiG1YN78mJgYZHqRRueKfwMLVp3vG7OV8gZOMmtWr/590UJpsFa0MljR+Pr4jBzu0q93n8+fPm/531a/8+d+nDiB6F7RRko19YFXWKNGDdnr+6uXL/kCASzgcDiG1z/Ob59GPt+1e7dy0f2Fc+dx5cjQ0BBLT2mwquBrfNglLC3aXr52tXLlytLAUdoyW7dsiXgasXnrH6WtyGz50q7xEUUHlnosatpYWCDgs4OjI8KMMKsSSSME5EQA1+VGjx2DIJpyyvlWdbefp2ItqAjXBlnqYJFiK/gaH/fQsExgie4/fPiAFOez584tywGTpy1Ysf/3x1YHuy7z585FEtHz/v47vHb1cHYmupcHVarLBgIwYSPmAXv+VFj03L9//8eJE9lQXpFlMsn4ESmCK/E5qfyvvKHLt/NXLl+268LKGgH2HFzTR/wcROco3z6W2DpuJGDHN2bkqN49nN+/f+e5cQO4fqKrK8IBlViXChAC5YJAWGiYsYmJqakpG63jkHP50mWzZs9GWAU25CuyzBIYH+fXcGnI+0E4aQQdLNyfDIGo5/XUxv4pXYLSTPySDr3NVoQ+Z2VlnTp5yrmnM+PKQLLrhIngevYOhBnR+f69+8jq2al9exzMDh4yJPjmzWUeHoWz0jPSFgkhBBhEIHet1oVBgflF4fhKHH8m3z1blhpSQLElMD5WsuvXrsEF+gdhoe/exdy6dQvO5ggzW6Anvz/OPP/h3xR6GQLOiJD0qDS2UhlID6LfmTNNmjRBiETpq0hTEmcDcPesXKXyqjVr8l/tkaZu2ZSBuenvP//s5ugIV8tatWqdOX8O5/i9+vRGRrCyUYBaIQTkROBSgH8Xe1YYH5Ze+OYuWbZUMb+8cuJWYvWST25xxLdr5054cUhkIdKQc9du12/fMjExyZNe0y/pfdYXY44aRzTN6NMIw3JOC7V08WI392n2Dg4loiB9AdzY/GXKFC6Pt/mPPxC1TvqKrJaUnNwGXg/G5ZGjR46E3rvfvUePgUMGF4jsxqoOJJwQYAoB3L3ClXX/K5dLjBlQ2hbv3b03edKkTVu2dOwkDpqtgk+pGf+sn9/qFSvP+V/MbwKrfz4pKv0L43OFgh9ue5tHXC5HQBHWJj0tDeGQGJw08FufM2u2JNxuuUdZyo8tGL+rg6OamhoiGMP3plv37uwFCi3HMaWmVQSBX6fPwEyeMInhY9WHDx78OG78+g2eSAGkIkgW7qZUjL92zZrRY8aIF/gREchDBsftVq2/uqGwKiLzt8eZkhC1sBMhxtvr7obG+KOcHpzM9O/dZ8KkSTBlMKXC4UOH1q9ZC3d1iAW3MiWWETlwbHjz+g0ifdesVYsRgSSEECgGgXfv3vke92EJovT0tH179iKxRKVKlRhs4nH443FjxqxcvYrZTT+DGpaNKKkYP79VB9cUxo4a/df2bfkPAHH5d/ajjC0vcCufU0+Xu89Cz7paeVo8cFB5YP/+oz7MTMrY2Nj5c+bgjtIaz/VSxSoqm6GjVgiBckIAkes9li5z7OrERvuIcGBaw/R/hQ4LZW4L6z+kukQcBY+VKykjQslxdRBookBcoQF9+61c7lE4jAOiVkWnC7DelDLCA0vFEAjMukNHGOzkl4++IAkU4mwgGAuclOQXSBIIgQqAAIIG9u/Tl42OREVFtW3VGlZKpoQj4BViAiLkHyQzJVOp5ZRseEH3+PwvHpnwA4Ftp2WrImKL66tza+vwyv0EfNniJVadreW8Kg2HHAQKxhk1Nph79u2d6uamOOe0Mi92qKKyI4Bsa3u8dicnlbNPBHswrl65cvwEZuJ8gLi89+0f0KcvrpQjG7OZmRl7aiuR5BKsOvDMWbpo0c0bN4cMHVqjZg1YNh49eujg6DR5yk+K2UlEfFyzatVJvzN6enqyaYjUkQcPHMD3CgmtJrpOkuRCo4cQUAQEsNc8eeJkfHy8jY0NYt5Z23QulyMl+NIsWbQYWWWYxQQhrOfOnnMxIEB+N2IQ1/IlS+G+sXb9ekVI28AsUHJJK36HgmByWO1KHpg1yizgu2z7JkQRQBQdbDllrg5rlcUPrWZMc0fGNdmEUC1CgD0EcM0CvuQI8Y/V68B+/Tq0bYcZi6M19losUjIbVh0E34Yx9trVq3L25cb1G+PHjgUyiH0PX2o5pVW86iWf3Mr1PinDyoglMMrFxc7efsrUn0vVLOxUl/z9A/wD4IYE18ax48fXrFmzVBKoMCGQh0BoIn/d86zHKcL6urwZjbSsqjLpwoDLj58/J8ydP0/S3MsXL3yOH4fbDJKR9R80sE/fvsWEkMIXxMfn+IXz5/k5fOvO1kOHD5fZGYaNNf7Un6bAivDb77/LNpewGEUuNrA8XH0QLadf//5aWnTfsAgsKwjj41WMNBfqGuobNm2S8iABKyPkAva/6I8ErZ1tbRydnGzt7AwMDGSbcFSLEAAC+95kud7PyBJyJJ7KumqchY2153zHWPCWAowvwRz+Bchrj/QGSETcoWPHAQMHIj5BgfsicGdAtm7c0hju4oKbNKdOnsT6Zv+hg7ItbhhnfFzz3O3ldczXRwaaRtfgXuG1Y6dJ9eoww8JqLyUDqOaMrSCMv8pjRVhY2O59e4ufMQgagfx8Fy9cxKIe4+3g5OTo5NjO0pJOZVVz9pe214inBH7JqwUbev5l8vtMofn55H+vpfxXSIfHuWln0LISMxc4imT8PH1gtj57xg+uyS9evOjdpw+ov1nzZpLfrvTw+Bj/cd0Gzzw2hLfi3bt3EA6+tCCgPLOML7kH633oYKNGjaRXJi4uDt9iPHdD7iCNycRJrnI6a0jftFKXrAiMD2db7/37jxw/XniXikhwSEMo/sETHh7zNqZxk8Zd7B2cujrhYFapR46UL3sEcOl6+bJl/hcuIoJe7Tp14j/EX7xwoWu3briXB2VwD3HR08xsyfL+vwfOcJPqaf7ZWpcRbYtn/LwmkJIeS36fY8d09fTA+0hq1s3R6cTp0/njvMLIY9Whg9+F8/nDpUipJIOMD6fJ4YOHrFm/Tsp7sEhwhFAiWLRFv3ljY2eLrbmNrS1tzaUcOBRTesbfs3s3NnRYINSqXRtnyzi8ffoYx65ifsdPalpaUzzNxP9p2qxZg4YNFSo6gvTjRCUVBAHQDZLM3Qi5LdHnXUyMjZX1hQB/8wYN3MLSt7wsImpslchbzXyXMaJ/Rnr6wMGD8+z4xcuEtQe+xXt3705KSkpOTn728kWB8rZW1p8+fZIhDAkk16lb9+yF83J2CguyQf0HuP40Ga6AxYh6G/0WX2gkYQ7wv8jj8hycHOEu2M6yHW3NZcBfuRkf5sv5c+bWq18vISExNvY9fBgQUxvXYkHueJo0a4qUZmTUk2FaUJVvIVCA8R+EhY0eOQqMj5XyrqisaQ8yUr8OGqvFFU2tke1es4gY4zKAfPCAt0AgLJHxJYmLfY4d19bRgRNnn359XYYOW7VmtUXbtnmNSmIxnb14QTY/ZmTRkTORTkpKCm7vd7LqNHPWrPxQ4Az2RWRkeHi4eOEmXrc9xvEDvtHI1+bg6EBbcxmmTf4qys34sABig4k72TXw1KxpbGwsw4JFTgSpukohAMaH8+6kya7odVTUayw8waRW1tb4K7JE1D6b/Dnnq4xAemqcl90MTRiKMVW8VQeJi+GvgpuD8Ero1bs3HM+at2ghGZ2D3t7e+733HfCWOPNIIn7XNTMrrxTNuPUyZtRohOdynz4dWXrwz9u3b3P35o+R3hbfZ+zLxYu23K05PJFUao6x2lnlZnxWoSHhhEBhBAqs8bECdZ0wYfPWrZJjwyfJAtvA1EyBKF3A0VHj8Licc530OzLnoPktxr8TEgLDPei+tUUbLOrhr1LYhcFz3bqD3gdw6qClrX3x/Pk2bS3WeXqWl5Fzo6fnwQMHYaTiqanVMDWFX2bNWrUbN24MfsdJG8LT0txjCQFifJaAJbEVE4ECjI9O4r5PdZPqK9eslnSYLxSdfJ8TmSaso8PrX1NDW43LIBAFGB+nViB6GHDU1dVA9P0GDCj+GBbWHngk5+T64yMcMYOKlVbUq5cv+QIBdub6+vqlrUvl5UGAGF8e9KiuyiEAxp8/d96tOyGSnsPf197GFqFgGA/mXiSyEsafPmMGLlLBCR25v3v0dAbXF4hernKjQh2WGgFifKmhooIqjwDW1IjaJE4TP26cubk5fGAuXwr4vnGTRUsWl415BIx/1u8sHBNbtGwJM72TU1f5Q9Co/KiqFgDE+Ko13tRbeRDA0SjcHCUS4AOGOLGVjIzKhusljSKsQnBQkFO3bqampvJ0hOqqLALE+Co79NRxQoAQUDkESo6Pr3KQUIcJAUKAEKigCBDjV9CBpW4RAoQAIVAIAWJ8mhSEACFACKgKAsT4qjLS1E9CgBAgBIjxaQ4QAoQAIaAqCBDjq8pIUz8JAUKAECDGpzlACBAChICqIECMryojTf0kBAgBQoAYn+YAIUAIEAKqggAxvqqMNPWTECAECAFifJoDhAAhQAioCgLE+Koy0tRPQoAQIASI8ct5DiAb+5nTp4tU4npw8OfPn8tZP2qeEGANgXfv3t2+dQsJby8FBPD5/PztIIHwmzdvWGtZdQUT45fn2ItEoimuk9XV1ItUwszMbOL4HxMSEspTRWqbEGAHgejoaCSMRNKuhQsWTPpxAnLL5G+nvrn5r9NnvIh8wU7jqiuVGL88xz70fmhERES3Ht2LVKJW7doNGjZAWrvyVJHaJgTYQeDAfu/2HTrUq19/zrx5hVswMDBw6uq0Y9s2dhpXXanE+OU59k8eP65bt65EAyS72Lrlj80bN3quWx//IV7yIX77ODy8PFWktgkBdhAQT34zM8jm8cQs9Czi2aYNG3+bO+/qlauSBuvQ5GcBeWJ8FkCVWmRcXFzlypVRPDkpeWD//sNHuLi5uxsY6M+aOVMiAymWYmPfSy2PChICSoOAePIbiSe/5MHKxs19mvuMGfPnzLl44YJ48lcyeh8bqzT9URJFifHLc6BEIiGS50EDfQP9bTt2VKlSJTs727BSpdj3X1heKBSVp4rUNiHADgIi4b+TXyK+34D++C4YmxgPHjp0/959kg9Rhp3GVVcqMX75jr2Y7vFgY/siMnKm+/Q9Xl5vo6NFnC8sL3kl0EMIVDAEvjWxK1epHB//r1WTJj/jg06MzzikpRCopaWVk5ONCgH+/jDir1i9aqKra4sWLfNE8HP42tpapZBIRQkBJUEAkz87d/IXeMIfPWrTpg0+5PNztLS1laQ3SqMmMX55DlV98/qxsXHQwMjIKCMj49zZsyd9T1y5fDn6TTSc8fEJbJ31zRuUp4rUNiHADgL1zOvH5U5+PNWMq+3dvQe++bt27Ay5dXvqNDd8+CHug7m5OTuNq65UYvzyHHtLS8uoqFdJSUkWbdseO+GrpqbW8oeWWOnv9d6PCyna2tr37tyxsbEpTxWpbUKAHQSsrKzv3AmRLHf2Hzg47sfxuIpV16zuOf+Lpqam+PxOSEhnmvxMg8/FJSCmZZK8UiBw5dLlgAD/ZR4ehescOfxPYlLixEmTSiGOihICSoIAmGfVihWtWrfu4excWOUb169fvHBxwcLfJb6b9DCFADE+U0iSHEKAECAEFB0Ben8q+giRfoQAIUAIMIUAMT5TSJIcQoAQIAQUHQFifEUfIdKPECAECAGmECDGZwpJkkMIEAKEgKIjQIyv6CNE+hEChAAhwBQCxPhMIUlyCAFCgBBQdASI8RV9hEg/QoAQIASYQoAYnykkSQ4hQAgQAoqOADG+oo8Q6UcIEAKEAFMIEOMzhSTJIQQIAUJA0REgxlf0ESL9CAFCgBBgCgGKq8MUkiSnZASEGdnu97LDv85rVKumVvfUrJ3JudW5nC6N9RZU40TFZi15mROSKqpsqN5BW/TJUHtbfc6e+xkH0nKL8dSmWmjGh2ccThdXsTfhBcYJcyQCuBw9TV5tXZ5dHa3BhqLDD9K3SST/9/A01ZdYaHdSz/tAFPYu2y9R+DJN8MlA+2Bj9XzpCETxsZmukYIMI61DzTUqFdG/IguUWKtkoKgEIcASArTGZwlYElsEAjwNNYdKnAcf+ZcTRGamGgNMeLqZ/IPPspOrqKmn8C995CfpaTjoi15GpXW4mXkwjTfse+0JRqLLb3O8o3Nec3iWJrykBBQTqFVRb6nB7WDCS0jgJ+ppOpiod+QKrn7k3xXwnGuqN+cIDjzPHBaYtimVY2Gilp4orpKhrz6olrqltijsfdaqt/mS6YlErxJyfN9k7XzLv5QsFOTTWpCe8/P9LN94/uUkYRGZOzicIguUWItmBiFQjggQ45cj+KrXtLpazzrqZlyOmrbaWHMNvRRhpx/0pusJn2ho2OuJF+gWNTU78vhLnvDjRNwxLXUXmGmOaawX0FGrdZogKJvbooZGGw2U4tnVVm+gxmtZU6OtJrdtTY0ORhoDqoqD6hpX0Zxqru3RRqu3JkeYIwhN5TasrtERaZS4PCdzLSch/5aBjl8Ltbcf+LF5McK5vH7N9E9/r65ZYDSEgq33MsIqqX/3raSTRRYosZbqjTn1WKEQIMZXqOFQAWVyCVSYxV8RkrYgRvhZTX2NjcGm6v8m88UfWUn8wEwOV13druq/XFupqra/k+6ofNaW/CQsqSn5JCkpe+PTDNdbmUezOdr6GkP+k4AM2YdCU52f8j8IOK0a6N+z1Kz5NY+rFQRedCsifVm25t+N1Q2KHpMiC5RYSwXGl7qo2AgQ4yv2+FRU7bhcQzWOWpHLZwEnS7wo5+iIfys6dz9J90RSNb8kvVOpnmklZO9JTxfseZG17YNQo4qWv41Oj3zr9qbGGhb/5UwVlpAFSPT5Q8b4F5xJLbUseOKi+DeTL8r+0niRBYSxccXXqqhjSf1SJgSI8ZVptCqCrrm8ydNUm9pGb3ltnkmh1bW6Aa8hjyPKET5JR1Fu95YG66pxsoXc3j/oTtX7dysg+I98+SKuZr7XRo0aOudaazbgclIScnZ+En05IebyWtbS8mymPdCIm5Wc1TcgfX9mcS+Py69znuYIVgQmG17OuiviZMdnmJ1OXZX8pUqRBdxflFCrIgwf9UHJESDGV/IBVDL1RUkZwkRYdXJEUdncUW30ZxmJCVvIF8Xlutp8SBcJdDWn1+byRIL/hWeHZIneJ+VcSeGIOFxTHa4mj1dHm8MVCc7GCD4JRREx2VeyuXV1xIvwmCzxYhzC1apr72jA0xIJ99xPX/VRmJ4lfAvJItHbVBHXUMM6O6tXcMZNAw0nrXwvCqHwdab49ZCdLUoQvyW4/VsbvOth+L6H4av24veHhpFWcHf9uZVEZx+m1LmY5pXGKaqAwW7LImt96xxAyUaO1K0YCJB3ZsUYR+XohSA109Y/Mzh3rczV0Pinu94geEmKBOsCU2Z/Aq2LPx7Z3nBPNcFfYemw8ieKOGpqPOtq3PAPomFWBpuNOZ/isyaEZp1KFZflavD6fKe7o5FaQmRqk0cCiTuNUS3dmDY8z+DUhZ/F74nOhqKgZInkfx8ulzejs8G6LyZ+weprKfPEhcWPurr6mi560/XFNA1t7QIyg3J3Cno1dOPaq/uGpIx8z1vdRX+2YVEFOmji+LlgrdwP6SEEFAQBYnwFGQhSoyACQr4wMl1krK9WmSuKzxRpaPGMJDtSkSguTRgn5NTS41Ut+iiAPTBFWUKOFo+W7ewhTJLZRYAYn118STohQAgQAoqDANnxFWcsSBNCgBAgBNhFgBifXXxJOiFACBACioMAMb7ijAVpQggQAoQAuwgQ47OLL0knBAgBQkBxECDGV5yxIE0IAUKAEGAXAWJ8dvEl6YQAIUAIKA4C/wcYOpvqTmUbtQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
Answer:The circuit (a) is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
STEPS:
1. The output of the NOR gate is the complement of A + B i.e., (A + B)’.
2. The NOT gate gives the complement of this output.
3. So, the output Y = A + B.
The truth table for this circuit is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The circuit (b) is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
STEPS:
1. The NOT gates give the complements of the inputs A and B i.e., A’ and B’.
2. The NOR gate gives the output as (A’ + B’)’.
3. Using De Morgan’s law, (A’ + B’)’ = ((A∙B)’)’ = A∙B
4. So, the output Y = A∙B.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Question 5.Write the truth table for a NAND gate connected as given in Fig. 14.45.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Hence identify the exact logic operation carried out by this circuit.
Answer:The output is obtained as (A∙A)’ = A’. (Since, A∙A = A)
Hence, the given gate acts as a NOT gate.
The truth table is given as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
NOTE: NAND gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.
Question 6.You are given two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.46, which consist of NAND gates. Identify the logic operation carried out by the two circuits.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Answer:The circuit (a) is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The first NAND gate gives the output (A∙B)’. The second NAND gate gives the output ((A∙B)’∙(A∙B)’)’.
Using De Morgan’s law,
((A∙B)’∙(A∙B)’)’ = ((A∙B)’)’ + ((A∙B)’)’ = (A∙B) + (A∙B) = A∙B (Since, A + A = A)
So, the output is Y = A∙B. The circuit acts as an AND gate.
The truth table for the circuit is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The circuit (b) is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The first NAND gate gives (A∙A)’ = A’ as the output. The second NAND gate gives (B∙B)’ = B’ as the output. The last NAND gate gives (A’∙B’)’ as the output.
Using De Morgan’s law,
(A’∙B’)’ = (A’)’ + (B’)’ = A + B
So, the output is A + B. The circuit acts as an OR gate.
The truth table for the circuit is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
NOTE: NAND gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.
Question 7.Write the truth table for circuit given in Fig. 14.47 below consisting of NOR gates and identify the logic operation (OR, AND, NOT) which this circuit is performing.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
(Hint: A = 0, B = 1 then A and B inputs of second NOR gate will be 0 and hence Y = 1. Similarly, work out the values of Y for other combinations of A and B. Compare with the truth table of OR, AND, NOT gates and find the correct one.)
Answer:The given circuit is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The first NOR gate gives the output (A + B)’. The second NOR gate gives the output ((A + B)’ + (A + B)’)’.
Using De Morgan’s law,
((A + B)’ + (A + B)’)’ = ((A + B)’)’∙((A + B)’)’ = (A + B)∙(A + B) = A + B (Since, A∙A = A)
So, the output is Y = A + B and the circuit acts as an OR gate.
The truth table for the given circuit is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
NOTE: NOR gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.
Question 8.Write the truth table for the circuits given in Fig. 14.48 consisting of NOR gates only. Identify the logic operations (OR, AND, NOT) performed by the two circuits.
![](data:image/jpeg;base64,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)
Answer:The circuit (a) is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The circuit gives the output (A + A)’ = A’.
So, the output is Y = A’ and the circuit acts as a NOT gate.
The truth table for the circuit is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The circuit (b) is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Similar to the circuit (a), the first two gates give inverted output as A’ and B’. The third NOR gate gives the output (A’ + B’)’.
Using De Morgan’s law,
(A’ + B’)’ = (A’)’∙(B’)’ = A∙B (Since, (A’)’ = A)
Hence, the output is Y = A∙B and the circuit acts as an AND gate.
The truth table is as follows:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
NOTE: NOR gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.
The number of silicon atoms per m3 is 5 × 1028. This is doped simultaneously with 5 × 1022 atoms per m3 of Arsenic and 5 × 1020 per m3 atoms of Indium. Calculate the number of electrons and holes. Given that ni = 1.5 × 1016 m–3. Is the material n-type or p-type?
Answer:
Given,
Number of Silicon atoms per m3 = 5 × 1028
Number of Arsenic atoms per m3 (nAs) = 5 × 1022
Number of Indium atoms per m3 (nIn) = 5 × 1020
Intrinsic charge carrier concentration (ni) = 1.5 × 1016 m-3
So, number of electrons per m-3 (ne) = nAs – ni
i.e., ne = 5 × 1022 – 1.5 × 1016 = 4.99 × 1022 m-3
If nh is the number of holes per m-3, then according to Mass-action law,
ni2 = nenh
So, nh = ni2/ne
i.e., nh =
So, nh= 4.5 × 109 m-3
The number of electrons is higher than the number of holes. So, the given material is n-type.
NOTE: Arsenic is pentavalent and Indium is trivalent. In an n-type semiconductor, electrons are the majority charge carriers i.e., ne≫nh. In a p-type semiconductor, holes are the majority charge carriers i.e., nh≫ne.
Question 2.
In an intrinsic semiconductor, the energy gap Eg is 1.2eV. Its hole mobility is much smaller than electron mobility and independent of temperature. What is the ratio between conductivity at 600K and that at 300K? Assume that the temperature dependence of intrinsic carrier concentration ni is given by
where n0 is a constant.
Answer:
Given,
Energy gap (Eg) = 1.2eV
The temperature dependence of intrinsic carrier concentration is given as
Where T is the temperature
Eg is the forbidden energy gap
KB is the Boltzmann’s constant (8.62 × 10-5 eV/K)
no is a constant.
At temperature T1 = 600K,
……….(1)
At temperature T2 = 300K,
…..(2)
Dividing eqn. (1) by eqn. (2), we get
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
So,
Hence, the ratio of conductivity at 600K to that at 300K is 1.09 × 105.
NOTE: 1. Eg is the forbidden energy gap which is the energy gap between the valence band and conduction bands.
2. Intrinsic semiconductors are pure semiconductors with fewer conductivities. Trivalent and pentavalent impurities are added to intrinsic semiconductors to form p-type and n-type semiconductors respectively. This process is called doping.
Question 3.
In a p-n junction diode, the current I can be expressed as
Where I0 is called the reverse saturation current, V is the voltage across the diode and is positive for forward bias and negative for reverse bias, and I is the current through the diode, kB is the Boltzmann constant (8.6 × 10–5 eV/K) and T is the absolute temperature. If for a given diode I0 = 5 × 10–12 A and T = 300 K, then
(a) What will be the forward current at a forward voltage of 0.6 V?
(b) What will be the increase in the current if the voltage across the diode is increased to 0.7 V?
(c) What is the dynamic resistance?
(d) What will be the current if reverse bias voltage changes from 1 V to 2 V?
Answer:
Given,
Reverse saturation current (Io) = 5 × 10-12 A
Temperature (T) = 300K
The diode current (I) is given by the relation,
Where Io is the reverse saturation current
V is the voltage across the diode
kB is the Boltzmann’s constant
T is the absolute temperature
e is the electronic charge (1.6 × 10-19 C)
Note: The value of kB (in electron volts) is 8.6 × 10–5 eV/K and also 1.38 × 10-23 kg m2s-2K-1)
(a) For V = 0.6V,
⇒
⇒
So, I = 5.42 × 10-7 A
(b) For V = 0.7V,
⇒
⇒
So, I = 3.74 × 10-6 A
Hence, increase in current = 3.74 × 10-6 - 5.42 × 10-7 = 3.198 × 10-6 A
(c)
So, dynamic resistance =
i.e., Dynamic resistance = 31269.5 Ω = 31.26kΩ
(d) If the reverse bias voltage changes from 1V to 2V, then the diode current remains equal to reverse saturation current. So, dynamic resistance will be infinite.
NOTE: A diode is said to be in forward bias if the p-side and n-side are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery respectively. Electric current flowing through the diode in this condition is known as forward diode current. If the p-side is connected to the negative terminal and n-side is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, then the diode is said to be in reverse bias.
Question 4.
You are given the two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.44. Show that circuit (a) acts as OR gate while the circuit (b) acts as AND gate.
Answer:
The circuit (a) is as follows:
STEPS:
1. The output of the NOR gate is the complement of A + B i.e., (A + B)’.
2. The NOT gate gives the complement of this output.
3. So, the output Y = A + B.
The truth table for this circuit is as follows:
The circuit (b) is as follows:
STEPS:
1. The NOT gates give the complements of the inputs A and B i.e., A’ and B’.
2. The NOR gate gives the output as (A’ + B’)’.
3. Using De Morgan’s law, (A’ + B’)’ = ((A∙B)’)’ = A∙B
4. So, the output Y = A∙B.
Question 5.
Write the truth table for a NAND gate connected as given in Fig. 14.45.
Hence identify the exact logic operation carried out by this circuit.
Answer:
The output is obtained as (A∙A)’ = A’. (Since, A∙A = A)
Hence, the given gate acts as a NOT gate.
The truth table is given as follows:
NOTE: NAND gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.
Question 6.
You are given two circuits as shown in Fig. 14.46, which consist of NAND gates. Identify the logic operation carried out by the two circuits.
Answer:
The circuit (a) is as follows:
The first NAND gate gives the output (A∙B)’. The second NAND gate gives the output ((A∙B)’∙(A∙B)’)’.
Using De Morgan’s law,
((A∙B)’∙(A∙B)’)’ = ((A∙B)’)’ + ((A∙B)’)’ = (A∙B) + (A∙B) = A∙B (Since, A + A = A)
So, the output is Y = A∙B. The circuit acts as an AND gate.
The truth table for the circuit is as follows:
The circuit (b) is as follows:
The first NAND gate gives (A∙A)’ = A’ as the output. The second NAND gate gives (B∙B)’ = B’ as the output. The last NAND gate gives (A’∙B’)’ as the output.
Using De Morgan’s law,
(A’∙B’)’ = (A’)’ + (B’)’ = A + B
So, the output is A + B. The circuit acts as an OR gate.
The truth table for the circuit is as follows:
NOTE: NAND gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.
Question 7.
Write the truth table for circuit given in Fig. 14.47 below consisting of NOR gates and identify the logic operation (OR, AND, NOT) which this circuit is performing.
(Hint: A = 0, B = 1 then A and B inputs of second NOR gate will be 0 and hence Y = 1. Similarly, work out the values of Y for other combinations of A and B. Compare with the truth table of OR, AND, NOT gates and find the correct one.)
Answer:
The given circuit is as follows:
The first NOR gate gives the output (A + B)’. The second NOR gate gives the output ((A + B)’ + (A + B)’)’.
Using De Morgan’s law,
((A + B)’ + (A + B)’)’ = ((A + B)’)’∙((A + B)’)’ = (A + B)∙(A + B) = A + B (Since, A∙A = A)
So, the output is Y = A + B and the circuit acts as an OR gate.
The truth table for the given circuit is as follows:
NOTE: NOR gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.
Question 8.
Write the truth table for the circuits given in Fig. 14.48 consisting of NOR gates only. Identify the logic operations (OR, AND, NOT) performed by the two circuits.
Answer:
The circuit (a) is as follows:
The circuit gives the output (A + A)’ = A’.
So, the output is Y = A’ and the circuit acts as a NOT gate.
The truth table for the circuit is as follows:
The circuit (b) is as follows:
Similar to the circuit (a), the first two gates give inverted output as A’ and B’. The third NOR gate gives the output (A’ + B’)’.
Using De Morgan’s law,
(A’ + B’)’ = (A’)’∙(B’)’ = A∙B (Since, (A’)’ = A)
Hence, the output is Y = A∙B and the circuit acts as an AND gate.
The truth table is as follows:
NOTE: NOR gate is a universal gate because it can be used to implement any Boolean function without using any other gates.