Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Kumar Bharati Textbook Solutions Unit Chapter 1.3 On Wings of Courage.
Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Solutions Unit 1.3 Warming Up Questions and Answers.
The ranks of officers in the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force are jumbled up. Discuss with your group and put them in the appropriate boxes.
| Commander, Brigadier, Wing-Commander, Vice-Admiral, Squadron-Leader, Major, Colonel, Field Marshal, Air Marshal, Admiral of Fleet, Lieutenant-General, Flying Officer, Commodore, Rear Admiral, Air-Commodore |
Army -
- Field Marshal,
- Lieutenant-General,
- Brigadier,
- Colonel,
- Major
Navy -
- Admiral of Fleet,
- Vice-Admiral,
- Rear Admiral,
- Commodore,
- Commander
Air Force -
- Air Marshal,
- Air-Commodore,
- Wing-Commander,
- Squadron-Leader,
- Flying Officer
Homophones/Homographs
Make sentences to bring out the difference between:
- wear - ____________
- ware - ____________
- wear: The little girl wanted to wear a pink, frilly dress.
- ware: The silver ware kept on the King's table was exquisite.
- here - ____________
- hear - ____________
- here: "You must sit here," said the man to his guest.
- hear: The children could hear the sound of the planes quite clearly.
- there - ____________
- their - ____________
- there: "I had kept my bag there," said the woman to the policeman.
- their: The girls picked up their bags and went home.
- cell - ____________
- sell - ____________
- cell: The prisoner sat in the dark cell without talking.
- sell: The hawker wanted to sell all his wares before evening.
Homophones/Homographs
Write what the underlined homograph in the following sentence mean:
- A bear is an omnivorous animal.
- She could not bear the injustice.
- A bear is an omnivorous animal → bear - a large, heavy animal
- She could not bear the injustice → bear - to tolerate
- A bat is a nocturnal flying mammal.
- His bat broke as it struck the ball.
- A bat is a nocturnal flying mammal → bat - a mammal that flies
- His bat broke as it struck the ball → bat - a wooden implement used for hitting the ball in many games.
- He had to pay a fine for breaking the traffic signal.
- Use a fine cloth for the baby’s clothes.
- He had to pay a fine for breaking the traffic signal → fine - penalty
- Use a fine cloth for the baby’s clothes → fine - delicate, soft
- We enjoyed a lot at the temple fair.
- She has a fair complexion.
- We enjoyed a lot at the temple fair → fair - a gathering of stalls and amusements for public entertainment
- She has a fair complexion → fair - light, not dark
Read the text and fill in the flow chart of the promotions received by Arjan Singh.
With the help of the facts given in the prepare a fact file of Air Marshal Arjan Singh.
- Date of Birth ______
- Place of Birth ______
- Education _______
- First Assignments ______
- Important posts held ______
(a) In Air Force _______
(b) After retirement _______ - Awards _______
- Most outstanding contribution in IAF _______
- Retirement _______
- Date of Birth - April 15, 1919
- Place of Birth - Lyalpur
- Education - at Montgomery: Empire Training Course at RAF (Cranwell)
- First Assignments - to fly Westland Wapiti biplanes in the North-Western Frontier Province as a member of the No. 1 RIAF Squadron
- Important posts held -
(a) In Air Force - Member of No. 1. RIAF, Flying Officer, Squadron Leader, Wing Commander, Group Captain, Air Commodore, Air Officer Commanding, Air Vice Marshal, Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Deputy Chief of Air Staff, Vice Chief of Air Staff, Chief of Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal.
(b) After retirement - Ambassador to Switzerland; Lieutenant Governor of Delhi - Awards - Distinguished Flying Cross (1944): Padma Vibhushan
- Most outstanding contribution in IAF - Transforming the IAF into one of the most potent air forces globally and the fourth biggest in the world.
- Retirement - in August 1969.
Fill in the web.
Say what action preceded the following promotion of Arjan Singh in his career in the IAF.
Selected for Empire Pilot training course at RAF
He completed his education at Montgomery.
Promoted to Squadron Leader
He flew against the tribal forces and moved back to No. 1 Squadron as a Flying Officer to fly the Hawker Hurricane.
Leader of flypast over 100 aircrafts at Red Fort, Delhi
He was promoted from the rank of squadron leader and was awarded Distinguished flying cross.
Awarded Padma Vibhushan
He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan for his astute leadership of the Air Force and for inspiring the IAF to victory in the 1965 Indo-Pak war.
First Air Chief Marshal of Indian Air Force
He was a source of inspiration to all the personnel of the Armed Forces through the years.
Replace the underline word/phrase with the appropriate one, to retain the proper meaning.
He contributed notably in bringing up the school.
- be the epitome of
- gear up
- a brief stint
- play a major role
- in recognition of
- take over reins
He played a major role in bringing up the school.
Replace the underline word/phrase with the appropriate one, to retain the proper meaning.
Our school cricket team got ready for the final match against P. Q. R. High School.
- be the epitome of
- gear up
- a brief stint
- play a major role
- in recognition of
- take over reins
Our school cricket team geared up for the final match against P. Q. R. High School.
Replace the underline word/phrase with the appropriate one, to retain the proper meaning.
After a short period of working as a lecturer, Ravi took up an important post in a multi-national company.
- be the epitome of
- gear up
- a brief stint
- play a major role
- in recognition of
- take over reins
After a brief stint as a lecturer, Ravi took up an important post in a multi-national company.
Replace the underline word/phrase with the appropriate one, to retain the proper meaning.
Our class monitor is a perfect symbol of duty and discipline.
- be the epitome of
- gear up
- a brief stint
- play a major role
- in recognition of
- take over reins
Our class monitor is the epitome of duty and discipline.
Replace the underline word/phrase with the appropriate one, to retain the proper meaning.
Accepting the great value of his research; they awarded him with a Ph.D. (degree)
- be the epitome of
- gear up
- a brief stint
- play a major role
- in recognition of
- take over reins
In recognition of his research; they awarded him with a Ph.D. (degree)
Replace the underline word/phrase with the appropriate one, to retain the proper meaning.
After the murder of King Duncan, Macbeth took over the control of Scotland.
- be the epitome of
- gear up
- a brief stint
- play a major role
- in recognition of
- take over reins
After the murder of King Duncan, Macbeth took over the reins of Scotland.
Build the word wall with the words related to ‘Military’.
State the different meanings of the following pairs of Homophones and make sentences of your own with each of them.
| Pair | Word | Meaning | Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|
| (a) | led | past participle of lead (to guide or conduct) | The captain led his team to safety. |
| lead | graphite used as part of a pencil; a heavy metal | Do you have a lead pencil? The box was heavy as if made of lead. | |
| (b) | role | a part (in a play, film, etc.) | Marie got the leading role in the new movie. |
| roll | move in a particular direction by turning over and over; a list of names | The boy wanted to roll in the mud while playing. The teacher called the roll. | |
| (c) | air | the invisible gaseous substance surrounding the earth | There is a lot of humidity in the air during the monsoon. |
| heir | successor or inheritor | The family did not know who the heir to the property was. | |
| (d) | feat | a great achievement | Climbing Mt. Everest is a feat. |
| feet | plural of foot (part of body; unit of measurement) | The girl saw to her shock that the lion was only a few feet away. | |
| (e) | reign | rule as king or queen | Queen Elizabeth's reign has been a long one. |
| rein | a strap used to guide or control a horse; (plural) control | The rider pulled the rein to stop the horse. She needs to keep a tight rein on her expenses. | |
| rain | water falling from the sky | They went outside to enjoy the rain. |
The following Homographs have the same spelling and pronunciation; but can have different meanings. Make sentences of your own to show the difference.
| Pair | Word | Sentence 1 (Meaning 1) | Sentence 2 (Meaning 2) |
|---|---|---|---|
| (a) | firm | My neighbour recently joined an electronics firm as Sales Executive. (business company) | Many people feel that they must be firm with their children when they are growing. (strong, resolute) |
| (b) | train | The train left from platform 2 at seven p.m. sharp. (locomotive) | You must always train your pets to obey you. (to teach a skill) |
| (c) | type | The man asked his secretary to type the letter immediately. (to write using a keyboard) | Cows eat only a particular type of grass. (a kind or sort) |
| (d) | post | My aunt quit her job because she felt that the post was not suitable for her. (a job or position) | The little boy ran to the post office to post the letter to Santa Claus. (mail system; a pole) |
| (e) | current | The minister was disturbed when he read about the current situation of unrest in the country. (happening now) | It is a difficult task to row against the current in a river. (flow of water) |
Glance through the text and prepare notes from the information that you get. Take only relevant points. Don't use sentences. Arrange the points in the same order. You may use symbols or short forms. Present the points sequentially. Use highlighting techniques.
Air Force Marshal Arjan Singh - Icon of India's Military History
Personal Details:
- DOB: 15 April, 1919
- Education: Montgomery; Empire Pilot Training Course, RAF (Cranwell)
Career & Responsibilities:
- Initial: Fly Westland Wapiti biplanes, No.1 RIAF Sqdn.
- Brief stint: No.2 RIAF Sqdn.
- Return to No.1 RIAF Sqdn. as Flying Officer.
- WWII: Led squadron vs Japanese (Arakan Campaign); assisted Allied advance to Yangoon.
- Post-Independence: Led fly-past (Aug 15, 1947); Commanded Ambala (Group Captain).
- Key Roles:
- AOC Operational Command.
- Took over reins of IAF (1964).
- Led IAF in 1965 Indo-Pak war.
- Post-Retirement: Ambassador to Switzerland; Lt. Governor of Delhi.
Achievements & Promotions:
- 1938 (age 19): Selected for Empire Pilot Training Course, RAF.
- 1944: Promoted to Squadron Leader.
- Post-Independence Promotions:
- Wing Commander.
- Air Commodore (1949).
- Air Vice Marshal.
- Deputy Chief of Air Staff (post-1962 war).
- Vice Chief of Air Staff (1963).
- Air Marshal (Aug 1964).
- Unique Feats:
- Longest tenure as AOC (1949-52 & 1957-61).
- First Air Chief to maintain flying currency till CAS rank.
- Flew >60 different aircraft types.
- First & ONLY Air Chief Marshal of IAF.
Awards:
- Distinguished Flying Cross (1944)
- Padma Vibhushan
Develop a story suitable to the conclusion end given below. Suggest a suitable title:
Conclusion: ..... and so, with tears of joy and pride, the 10-year-old Sanyogita More received the National Bravery Award from the Prime Minister.
A Wonderful Act of Bravery
It was the 26th of July in Mumbai. It was raining cats and dogs. 10-year-old Sanyogita More stood at the door of her hut. The street was flooded with water. Sanyogita was frightened. Her parents had not returned from work and she was all alone.
Suddenly, she saw two little boys, Rohan and Sohan, come out from the neighbouring hut to play in the water. As Sanyogita watched, there came a sudden gush of water and the boys were dragged towards an open manhole, which had been marked with a huge stick. They caught hold of the stick, but the stick began to tilt. It would soon fall and the boys would go down the manhole!
Sanyogita ran as fast as she could towards the boys. Pulling a rope from a nearby door, she looped it around a large stone. She held onto the rope and extended her hand towards the boys. "Catch my hand, Sohan, Rohan!" she shouted. "Catch! Catch soon!"
The boys were in a panic but they did as they were told. Sohan held Rohan's leg. Rohan held Sanyogita's hand, and Sanyogita held onto the rope. "Help! Help!" she shouted, knowing that if the rope broke or the stone was dislodged, they would all go into the manhole.
She stood there shivering, her arms numb, for nearly 15 minutes before help arrived. Sanyogita collapsed after the incident. The news of her brave deed spread far and wide, and reached the ears of the Prime Minister, who decided to honour her with an award. And so, with tears of joy and pride, the 10-year-old Sanyogita More received the National Bravery Award from the Prime Minister.
You wish to join any one of the Indian Armed Forces. Fill in the following application form.
To
The Advertiser
N/AF Recruitment Service
Purangaon - 456 789
APPLICATION FOR RECRUITMENT
Rect notice No 1234
- Post applied for: Navy Officer Cadet
- Name and surname of Candidate (in Block letters):
N E H A K U M A R - Father’s Name: Rakesh Kumar
Mother's Name: Swati Kumar - Date of Birth: 12 January 1999
- Contact details:
Tel. No.(Res) - 022-XXXXXXX
Mobile number - 98XXXXXX10
Email ID - neha.kumar@email.com - Permanent Address:
House No./Street/Village - C-2/302, Sai Palace, Green Valley
Post Office - Andheri East
District - Mumbai Suburban
State - Maharashtra
Pincode - 400069 - Educational Qualifications:
Serial Number Qualification Name of School/College Name of Board/University Percentage obtained 1 SSC Abhaya School, Mumbai Maharashtra State Board 81% 2 HSC (Science) Saint Joseph College, Mumbai Maharashtra State Board 74% 3 B.Sc (Physics) Mumbai University Mumbai University 78% - Whether registered at any employment exchange: No
(If yes, mention registration number and the name of the Employment Exchange.) - Outstanding achievements in extra-curricular activities/ sports/ games, etc.:
Represented college in inter-collegiate debate competitions (Winner, 2019). Captain of college basketball team. NCC 'C' Certificate holder with 'Alpha' grading. - Why you wish to join Armed Forces:
I am deeply inspired by the discipline, dedication, and selfless service of the Indian Armed Forces. I wish to contribute to national security and believe my leadership skills, physical fitness, and academic background align well with the demands of a naval officer. Serving my country in uniform would be the greatest honor.
Place: Mumbai
Date: [Current Date]
(Signature of Candidate)
Neha Kumar
Form structure reference images from original content:
Difficult Words and Their Meanings
- Marshal:A very high military rank, especially in an army or air force.
- Icon:A person or thing widely admired and seen as a symbol of something.
- Epitome:A perfect example of a particular quality or type.
- Astute:Clever and quick at understanding situations or people to gain an advantage.
- Potent:Having great power, influence, or effect.
- Tenure:The period of time someone holds a job or office.
- Flying Currency:A pilot's qualification to fly, kept up-to-date through regular flying and checks.
- Biplane:An old type of airplane with two sets of wings, one above the other.
- Squadron:A unit in an air force made up of several aircraft and their crew.
- Commodore:A high rank in the navy, or a rank in some air forces.
- Brigadier:An army officer rank above colonel and below major general.
- Vice-Admiral:A very senior naval rank, below an admiral.
- Rear Admiral:A senior naval rank, below a vice-admiral.
- Lieutenant-General:A high-ranking army officer.
- Omnivorous:Eating both plants and animals.
- Injustice:Unfair treatment or a lack of fairness.
- Homophones:Words that sound the same but have different meanings and spellings (e.g., 'to', 'too', 'two').
- Homographs:Words that are spelled the same but may have different meanings or pronunciations (e.g., 'bat' - the animal, 'bat' - for hitting a ball).
- Preceded:Happened or existed before something else.
- Flypast:A ceremonial flight of aircraft over a specific location.
- Assignments:Tasks or duties given to someone.
- Promotions:Advancements to a higher rank or position.
- Recruitment:The process of finding and hiring people for jobs.
- Stint:A period of time spent doing a particular job or activity.
- Reins (take over the reins):To take control of an organization or situation.
- Exquisite:Extremely beautiful, delicate, or fine.
- Manhole:A covered opening in the ground leading to a sewer or underground passage.
- Gush:To flow out quickly and in large amounts.
- Dislodged:Forced or moved out of its place.
- Veneration:Great respect or reverence.
- AOC (Air Officer Commanding):A senior command position in an air force.
- CAS (Chief of Air Staff):The head of an air force.
- Padma Vibhushan:India's second-highest civilian award.
- Distinguished Flying Cross:A military award for bravery or devotion to duty during flight operations.