3rd Standard Social Science Term 2 Unit 3 District Administration - Lesson & Exercises

District Administration

Term 2 | Chapter 3 | 3rd Social Science

Questions with Answers, Solution, Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer.

1. ________ administrative head of the district.

a) District collector

b) Judge

c) Superintendent of Police

Answer: a) District collector

2. ________ are responsible for government hospitals.

a) Policemen

b) Health Officer

c) Drivers

Answer: b) Health Officer

3. ________ is maintained by the police department.

a) Health

b) Forest

c) Law and order

Answer: c) Law and order

4. ________ ensures the proper functioning of educational department in a district.

a) Forest Officer

b) Chief Educational officer

a) Health Officer

Answer: b) Chief Educational officer

5. ________ advises on sanitation of the district.

a) Health Officer

b) Forest Officer

c) Revenue Officer

Answer: a) Health Officer

II. True or False.

1. District collectors are appointed through exams conducted by U.P.S.C.

Answer: True

2. Teacher gives order to make sure different policies reach people in the district.

Answer: False

3. Chief Educational Officer takes care of the education department.

Answer: True

4. Police officers are responsible for the government hospitals.

Answer: False

5. Forest officer takes care of the forest department.

Answer: True

III. Answer the following.

1. Who is the Administrative head of the district?

District collector is the Administrative head of a district.

2. How are the District Collectors selected?

The District Collectors are selected by Union Public Service Commission (U.P.S.C).

3. Name any three departments of the district.

(i) District Medical department.
(ii) District Forest department.
(iii) District Chief Educational department.

4. Who maintains law and order in the district?

Superintendent of Police maintains law arid order in the district with the assistance from all police officers.

5. Write about the Health Officer.

Health officers are responsible for government hospitals in the district. The person in charge advises on health and sanitation in the district.

FUN WITH ACTIVITY

PROJECT:

Name some of the departments functioning in your District.

(i) Health department
(ii) Police department
(iii) Education department
(iv) Agriculture department
(v) Food and civil department

Think

Name some of the duties of Policemen.

(i) Preventing crime and protecting the public. They do this by patrolling on foot in uniform and in police cars.
(ii) Responding to crimes.
(iii) Investigating crime.
(iv) Arresting and detaining suspects.
(v) To help with emergencies or problems that are not crimes.

ACTIVITY

Let us paste

Find the missing letters using the hints. (Hints)

* Administrative head of the district.

Collector.

* Maintains law in and order.

Police

* Advises on health.

Doctor

* Teaches morality.

Teacher

Text Book Back Exercises Questions with Answers | omtexclasses.com

Comparison of Tamilthai Vaazhthu by Manonmaniam Sundaranar and Pavalareru Perunchithiranar - 5 Mark Question

5 மதிப்பெண் வினா, அன்னை மொழியே

வினா: மனோன்மணியம் சுந்தரனாரின் தமிழ்த்தாய் வாழ்த்துப் பாடலையும் பெருஞ்சித்திரனாரின் தமிழ் வாழ்த்தையும் ஒப்பிட்டு மேடைப்பேச்சு ஒன்றை உருவாக்குக.

மேடைப்பேச்சு

தமிழ்த்தாய் வாழ்த்து

மனோன்மணியம் சுந்தரனார், பெருஞ்சித்திரனார் - ஓர் ஒப்பீடு

ஆன்றோர்களே, தமிழ்ச் சான்றோர்களே, உங்கள் அனைவருக்கும் என் அன்பான வணக்கங்கள்..!

'இனிமையும் நீர்மையும் தமிழ் எனல் ஆகும்' என்கிறது பிங்கலந்தை நிகண்டு. பல மொழிகளைக் கற்ற பாரதியாரும் "யாமறிந்த மொழிகளிலே தமிழ்மொழிபோல் இனிதாவது எங்கும் காணோம்" என்கிறார். தமிழின் இனிமையை, இயல்பைப் பாடாத புலவரில்லை.

அவர்களில் மனோன்மணியம் சுந்தரனாரின் தமிழ்த் தாய் வாழ்த்துப் பாடலையும், பெருஞ்சித்திரனாரின் தமிழ் வாழ்த்தையும் ஒப்பிட்டு உங்கள் முன் பேச இருக்கிறேன்.

தமிழ்த்தாய் என்பவள் யார்? அவளது ஆட்சி எல்லை, அவளை ஒப்புமைப்படுத்தும் விதம், அவளை வாழ்த்தும் விதம் ஆகியவற்றில் மனோன்மணியம் சுந்தரனாரும் பெருஞ்சித்திரனாரும் சிறிது மாறுபடுகின்றனர்.

தமிழ்த்தாய் என்பவள் யார்?

"நிலம் என்னும் பெண் நீலக்கடலை ஆடையாக அணிந்தவள். இந்தியாவே, அவளது அழகு முகம். தென்னிந்தியாவே, அவளது பிறைபோன்ற நெற்றி. தமிழகமே, அவளது திலகம். அந்தத் திலகத்தில் இருந்து வரும் வாசனை தான் தமிழ்த்தாய் " என்று சுந்தரனார் அடையாளப்படுத்துகிறார்.

"பழமைக்கும் பழமையான காலத்தில் பாண்டியனின் மகளாய்ப் பிறந்தவள் தமிழ்த்தாய்" என்று பெருஞ்சித்திரனார் அடையாளப்படுத்துகிறார்.

ஆட்சி எல்லை:

"தமிழகத்தில் இருந்து கொண்டே, எல்லாத் திசையிலும் புகழ் மணக்கும் படி இருப்பவள்" என்று தமிழ்த்தாயின் ஆட்சி எல்லையை மனோன்மணியம் சுட்டுகிறார்.

குமரிக்கடல் சூழ்ந்த நாட்டில் இருந்துகொண்டே, மண்ணுலகை ஆட்சி செலுத்துவதாகப் பெருஞ்சித்திரனார் சுட்டுகிறார்.

ஒப்புமைப்படுத்தும் விதம்:

திலகத்தில் இருந்து வரும் வாசனை போல் இருப்பதாக சுந்தரனார் உவமைப்படுத்துகிறார்.

ஆனால், பெருஞ்சித்திரனாரோ, திருக்குறளின் பெருமைக்கு உரியவளாக, பத்துப்பாட்டாக, எட்டுத்தொகையாக, பதினெண்கீழ்க்கணக்காக, சிலப்பதிகாரமாக, மணிமேகலையாக இருப்பதாக உருவகப்படுத்துகிறார்.

வாழ்த்தும் விதம்:

தமிழின் இளமைத் திறத்தை வியந்து, தன்நிலை மறந்து வாழ்த்துகிறார், மனோன்மணியம் சுந்தரனார்.

ஆனால், பெருஞ்சித்திரனாரோ, தமிழின் பழம் பெருமைகளை நினைத்துப்பார்த்து வாழ்த்துகிறார்.

இதுகாறும் எனது பேச்சைக் கேட்ட அன்பு உள்ளங்களுக்கு நன்றிகள்!

Comprehensive Guide to Tamil-English Translation (மொழிபெயர்ப்பு) for Class 10

மொழிபெயர்ப்பு- அனைத்து இயல்களும்

இயல் 1

(மொழியாக்கம் என்பது சொல்லுக்குச் சொல் மொழி பெயர்ப்பு செய்வது அன்று. அது இடத்திற்கும் சூழலுக்கும் ஏற்ப அமைவதாக இருக்க வேண்டும்)

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி (1)

If you talk to a man in a language he understand, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his own language that goes to his heart.

- Nelson Mandela

வாக்கியம்: 1

If you talk to a man in a language he understand, that goes to his head:

You - நீங்கள்

to a man- ஒரு மனிதரிடம்

in a language- ஒரு மொழியில்

If talk-பேசினால்

that- அது

goes to his head- அவரின் அறிவை சென்றடைகிறது

he understand- அவர் புரிந்து கொள்கிறார்.

திருத்தப்படாத மொழியாக்கம்: நீங்கள் ஒரு மனிதரிடம் ஒரு மொழியில் பேசும் போது அது அவரின் அறிவைச் சென்றடைவதால் அவர் புரிந்து கொள்கிறார்.

வாக்கியம்: 2

If you talk to him in his one language that goes to his heart:

You- நீங்கள்

in his own language-அவருடைய சொந்த மொழியில் (தாய்மொழியில்)

Talk to him-அவரிடம் பேசினால்

that- அது

goes to his heart-அவருடைய இதயத்தைத் தொடுகிறது.

திருத்தப்படாத மொழியாக்கம்: நீங்கள் அவருடைய தாய்மொழியில் அவரிடம் பேசினால், அது அவருடைய இதயத்தைத் தொடுகிறது.

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

நீங்கள் ஒரு மனிதரிடம் ஒரு மொழியில் பேசினால், அது அவரின் அறிவைச் சென்றடைகிறது. நீங்கள் அவருடைய தாய்மொழியில் பேசினால், அது அவருடைய இதயத்தைத் தொடுகிறது.

- நெல்சன் மண்டேலா

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி (2)

Language is the road map of a culture. It tells you where its people come from and where they are going.

- Rita mae Brown.

வாக்கியம் : 1

Language is the road map of a culture.

Language - மொழி

of a culture - பண்பாட்டின்

is the road map - வழிகாட்டி

வாக்கியம் : 2

It tells you where its people come from and where they are going.

where its people come from - மக்கள் எங்கிருந்து வருகிறார்கள்

and where they are going - எங்கு அவர்கள் செல்கிறார்கள்

It tells - அது கூறும்.

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

மொழி என்பது பண்பாட்டின் வழி காட்டி. அது மக்கள் எங்கே இருந்து வருகிறார்கள், எங்கே செல்கிறார்கள் என்பதனைக் கூறும்.

- ரீட்டா மே பிரவுன்.

இயல் 2

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி

The golden sun gets up early in the morning and starts its bright rays to fade away the dark. The milky clouds starts their wandering. The colourful birds start twitting their morning melodies in Percussion. The cute butterflies dance around the flowers. The blowers fragrance fills the breeze. The breeze gently blows everywhere and makes everything pleasant.

(1) The golden sun gets up early in the morning and starts its bright rays to fade away the dark.

The golden sun - பொன்னிறக் கதிரவன்

early in the morning - அதிகாலையில்

gets up - எழுந்து

and starts its bright rays - ஒளிமிக்க கதிர்களை வீசி

to fade away the dark - இருளை விலக்குகிறது

(2) The milky clouds starts their wandering.

The milky clouds - வெண்ணிற மேகங்கள்

starts their wandering- அலையத் துவங்குகின்றன.

(3) The colourful birds start twitting their morning melodies in Percussion.

The colourful birds - வண்ணப் பறவைகள்

their morning melodies - காலை பாடலை

in Percussion - இசையுடன்

start twitting - பாடத் துவங்குகின்றன

(4) The cute butterflies dance around the flowers.

The cute butterflies - அழகான வண்ணத்துப் பூச்சிகள்

around the flowers - பூக்களைச் சுற்றி

dance - நடனமாடுகின்றன

(5) The blowers fragrance fills the breeze.

The blowers - பூக்களின்

fragrance - நறுமணம்

fills the breeze - தென்றலில் கலக்கிறது.

(6) The breeze gently blows everywhere and makes everything pleasant.

The breeze - தென்றல்

everywhere - எல்லா இடங்களிலும்

and makes everything எல்லாவற்றிலும்

gently blows -மெல்லப் பரவி

makes pleasant - இன்பமளிக்கிறது.

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

பொன்னிறக் கதிரவன் அதிகாலையில் எழுந்து ஒளிமிக்க கதிர்களை வீசி இருளை விலக்குகிறது. வெண்ணிற மேகங்கள் அலையத் துவங்குகின்றன. வண்ணப் பறவைகள் காலைப் பாடலை இசையுடன் பாடத் துவங்குகின்றன. அழகான வண்ணத்துப் பூச்சிகள் பூக்களைச் சுற்றி நடனமாடுகின்றன. பூக்களின் நறுமணம் தென்றலில் கலக்கிறது. தென்றல் எங்கும் பரவி இன்பமூட்டுகிறது.

இயல் 3

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி

Respected ladies and gentleman, I am Elangovan studying tenth standard. I have come here to say a few words about our Tamil culture. Sangam literature shows that Tamils where best in culture and civilization about 2,000 years ago. Tamils who have defined grammar for language have also defined grammar for life. Tamil culture is rooted in the life styles of Tamils throughout India, Srilanka, Malaysia, Singapore, England and worldwide. Through our culture is very old, it has been updated consistently. We should feel proud about our culture. Thank you one and all.

(1) Respected ladies and gentleman, I am Elangovan studying tenth standard.

Respected ladies and gentleman - மதிப்பிற்குரிய சகோதர சகோதரிகளே...

I am Elangovan - என் பெயர் இளங்கோவன்

studying tenth standard - பத்தாம் வகுப்பு படித்து வருகிறேன்

(2) I have come here to say a few words about our Tamil culture.

I - நான்

about our Tamil culture - தமிழ்ப் பண்பாட்டை பற்றிச்

to say a few words - சில வார்த்தைகள் சொல்ல

have come here -வந்திருக்கிறேன்

(3) Sangam literature shows that Tamils where best in culture and civilization about 2,000 years ago.

about 2,000 years ago - 2000 ஆண்டுகளுக்கு முன்னரே

Tamils - தமிழர்கள்

where best in culture and civilization - பண்பாட்டிலும் நாகரிகத்திலும் சிறந்தவர்கள் என்று

Sangam literature - சங்க இலக்கியம்

shows that - தெரிவிக்கிறது

(4) Tamils who have defined grammar for language have also defined grammar for life.

Tamils who have defined grammar for language - தமிழர்கள் மொழிக்கு இலக்கணம் வகுத்து இருந்தனர்

also - மேலும்

have also defined grammar for life- வாழ்வியலுக்கும் இலக்கணம் வகுத்து இருந்தனர்.

(5) Tamil culture is rooted in the life styles of Tamils throughout India, Srilanka, Malaysia, Singapore, England and worldwide.

Tamil culture - தமிழர் பண்பாடு

is throughout India, Srilanka, Malaysia, Singapore, England and worldwide - இந்தியா, இலங்கை, மலேசியா, சிங்கப்பூர், இங்கிலாந்து மற்றும் உலகம் முழுவதும் உள்ள

in the life styles of Tamils - தமிழர்களின் வாழ்க்கை முறையில்

is rooted - வேரூன்றி இருந்தது.

(6) Though our culture is very old, it has been updated consistently.

Though our culture is very old - நமது பண்பாடு மிகவும் பழமையானதாக இருந்தாலும்

it has been updated consistently - ஒவ்வொரு நாளும் புதுப்பிக்கப்பட்டு வருகிறது

(7) We should feel proud about our culture. Thank you one and all.

about our culture - நமது பண்பாடு குறித்து

We should feel proud - நாம் பெருமைப்படுவோமாக...

Thank you one and all -அனைவருக்கும் நன்றி.

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

மதிப்பிற்குரிய சகோதர சகோதரிகளே... என் பெயர் இளங்கோவன். நான் பத்தாம் வகுப்பு படித்து வருகிறேன். நான் நமது தமிழ்ப் பண்பாடு குறித்து ஒரு சில வார்த்தைகள் சொல்ல வந்துள்ளேன். ஈராயிரம் ஆண்டுகளுக்கு முன்னரே தமிழர் பண்பாட்டிலும் நாகரிகத்திலும் சிறந்தவர்கள் என்று சங்க இலக்கியங்கள் தெரிவிக்கின்றன. மொழிக்கு இலக்கணம் வகுத்த தமிழர்கள் வாழ்வியலுக்கும் இலக்கணத்தை வகுத்திருக்கிறார்கள். தமிழ்ப் பண்பாடு இந்தியா, இலங்கை, மலேசியா, சிங்கப்பூர் என உலகளாவிய நிலையில் வாழும் தமிழர்களின் வாழ்க்கை முறையில் வேரூன்றி உள்ளது. நமது பண்பாடு மிகவும் பழமையானது. எனினும் ஒவ்வொரு நாளும் புதுப்பிக்கப்பட்டு வருகிறது. நமது பண்பாடு குறித்துப் பெருமைப்படுவோமாக...!

அனைவருக்கும் நன்றி...!

இயல் 4

ஆங்கில உரையாடல்

Malar : Devi, switch off the lights when you leave the room.

Devi : yeah. We have to save electricity

Malar : Our nation spends a lot of electricity for lighting up our streets in the night.

Devi : who knows? In feature our country may launch artificial moons to light our night time sky!

Malar : I have read some other countries are going to launch these types of illumination satellites near future.

Devi : superb news! If we have lunch artificial moons they can assist in disaster relief by beaming light on areas that lost power!

மொழியாக்கம்

(1) Malar : Devi, switch off the lights when you leave the room

switch off the lights -விளக்குகளை அணைக்க வேண்டும்

when you leave the room - நீ அறையை விட்டுச் செல்லும்போது

(2) Devi : yeah. We have to save electricity - நாம் மின்சாரத்தை சேமிக்க வேண்டும்

(3) Malar : Our nation -நமது நாடு

spends a lot of electricity - அதிகமான மின்சாரத்தைச் செலவு செய்கிறது

for lighting up our streets - தெரு விளக்குகளை ஒளிரச் செய்ய

in the night. - இரவு நேரத்தில்

(4) Devi : who knows? - யாருக்கு தெரியும்

In feature our country may launch artificial moons - எதிர்காலத்தில் நமது நாடும் செயற்கை நிலவுகளை நிறுவலாம்

to light our night time sky! - இரவில் வானத்தை ஒளிரச் செய்ய

(5) Malar : I have read -நான் படித்திருக்கிறேன்

some other countries -சில நாடுகளும்

are going to launch -நிறுவ

these types of illumination satellites - இந்தவகையான ஒளிரும் செயற்கைக்கோள்களை

near future - எதிர்காலத்தில்

(6) Devi : superb news! -அற்புதமான செய்தி

If we have lunch artificial moons - செயற்கை நிலவுகளை நாமும் நிறுவினால்

they can assist -அவை பயன்படும்

in disaster relief -பேரிடர் மீட்பில்

by beaming light -ஒளிர செய்வதன்மூலம்

on areas that lost power! -மின்தடை ஏற்பட்டுள்ள பகுதிகளை

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

மலர் : தேவி, நீ அறையை விட்டுச் செல்லும்போது விளக்குகளை அனைத்து விட்டுச் செல்.

தேவி: ஆமாம், நாம் மின்சாரத்தைச் சேமிக்க வேண்டும்

மலர்: இரவில் நம் வீதிகளை ஒளிரச் செய்வதற்காக நம் நாடு நிறைய மின்சாரத்தைச் செலவு செய்கிறது

தேவி: யாருக்கு தெரியும்? எதிர்காலத்தில் நம் நாடு இரவு நேர வானத்தை ஒளிரச் செய்ய செயற்கை நிலவுகளை நிறுவலாம்.

மலர்: வேறு சில நாடுகளும் எதிர்காலத்தில் இந்த ஒளியூட்டும் செயற்கைக்கோள்களை விரைவில் நிறுவ உள்ளதாக நான் படித்திருக்கிறேன்.

தேவி: அற்புதமான செய்தி! செயற்கை நிலவுகளை நாமும் நிறுவினால், மின்தடை ஏற்பட்டுள்ள பகுதிகளில் ஒளி வீசச் செய்வதன்மூலம் பேரிடர் மீட்பில் அவற்றைப் பயன்படுத்தலாம்.

இயல் 5

மொழியாக்கம்

It's like new lute music
யாழிசை

Wondering at the lute music
அறைக்குள் யாழிசை

Coming from the chamber

Entered I to look up to in still
ஏதென்று சென்று எட்டிப் பார்த்தேன்

My grand-daughter
பேத்தி,

Learning by rote the verses
நெட்டுருப் பண்ணினாள்

Of a didactic compilation
நீதி நூல் திரட்டையே.

- பாரதிதாசன்

-Translated by kavingar Desini

சொல் பொருள்

Chamber - அறை

To look up - எட்டிப்பார்த்தேன்

Grand-daughter - பேத்தி

Rote - நெட்டுரு

Didactic compilation - நீதி நூல் திரட்டு

இயல் 6

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி

Therukoothu is as, its name indicates a popular form of theatre performed in the streets. It is performed by rural artists. The stories are derived from ethics like Ramayana, Mahabharata and other ancient puranas. There are more songs in the Play with dialogues improvised by the artists on the spot. 15 to 20 actors with a small orchestra forms koothu troupe. Though the orchestra singer the artist sing in their own voices. Artist dress themselves with heavy costumes and bright makeup. Koothu is very popular among rural areas.

மொழியாக்கம்

(1) Therukoothu is as, its name indicates a popular form of theatre performed in the streets.

Therukoothu is - தெருக்கூத்து

as its name indicates - அதன் பெயருக்கேற்ப

performed in the streets - தெருக்களில் நடத்தப்படும்

a popular form of theatre - ஒரு பிரபலமான மேடை நாடகக் கலையாகும்.

(2) It is performed by rural artists.

இது, கிராமியக் கலைஞர்களால் நடத்தப்படுகிறது

(3) The stories are derived from ethics like Ramayana, Mahabharata and other ancient puranas.

இதற்குரிய கதைகள் இராமாயணம், மகாபாரதம் மற்றும் புராணங்களில் இருந்து தேர்வு செய்யப்படுகின்றன.

(4) There are more songs in the Play with dialogues improvised by the artists on the spot.

in the Play -தெருக்கூத்தில்

There are more songs - அதிகமான பாடல்களும்

with dialogues - உரையாடல்களும்

on the spot -உடனுக்குடன்

improvised by the artists -கலைஞர்களால் உருவாக்கப்படுகின்றன

(5) Fifteen to twenty actors with a small orchestra forms koothu troupe.

Fifteen to twenty actors -15 முதல் 20 கலைஞர்களுடன்

with a small orchestra - சிறு இசைக் குழுவினரும் சேர்ந்து

forms koothu troupe. - தெருக்கூத்து குழு அமையும்

(6) the orchestra has a singer Though the artists sing in their own voices.

the orchestra has a singer - இசைக் குழுவில் ஒரு பாடகர்

Though - இருந்தபோதிலும்

In their own voices. - அவர்களுடைய சொந்த குரலில்

the artists- கூத்துக்கலைஞர்கள்

Sing - பாடுவர்

(7) Artists dress themselves with heavy costumes and bright makeup.

Artists - கலைஞர்கள்

themselves - அவர்களாகவே

dress with heavy costumes -கனமான ஆடைகளை அணிவதுடன்

and bright makeup. - பிரகாசமாக ஒப்பனை செய்து கொள்கிறார்கள்.

(8) Koothu is very popular among rural areas.

Koothu - தெருக்கூத்து

among rural areas. -கிராம மக்களிடையே

Is very popular - மிகவும் பிரபலம்

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

தெருக்கூத்து என்பது அதன் பெயருக்கேற்ப தெருக்களில் நடத்தப்படும் ஒரு பிரபலமான மேடை நாடகக் கலை ஆகும்.

இது கிராமிய கலைஞர்களால் நடத்தப்படுகிறது.

இதன் கதைகள் இராமாயணம், மகாபாரதம் மற்றும் புராணங்களில் இருந்து தேர்வு செய்யப்படுகிறது.

தெருக்கூத்துகளில் அதிகமான பாடல்களும் உரையாடல்களும் கூத்துக் கலைஞர்களால் உடனுக்குடன் உருவாக்கப்படுகின்றன.

15 முதல் 20 கலைஞர்களுடன் ஒரு சிறு இசைக்குழுவும் சேர்ந்து தெருக்கூத்துக்குழு அமையும்.

இசைக்குழுவில் ஒரு பாடகர் இருந்தாலும் கூத்துக் கலைஞர்கள் தங்களுடைய சொந்த குரலிலேயே பாடுகிறார்கள்.

கூத்துக் கலைஞர்கள் தாங்களாகவே, கனமான ஆடைகளை அணிவதுடன் பிரகாசமாக ஒப்பனை செய்து கொள்கிறார்கள். தெருக்கூத்து கிராமங்களில் மிகவும் பிரபலமாக இருக்கிறது.

இயல் 7

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி

Among the five geographical divisions of the Tamil country in Sangam literature, the Marutam region was fit for cultivation as it had the most fertile lands. The property of a former depended on getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the fertility of the soil. Among these elements of nature, sunlight was considered indispensable by the ancient Tamil.

மொழியாக்கம்

(1) Among the five geographical divisions of the Tamil country in Sangam literature, the Marutam region was fit for cultivation as it had the most fertile lands.

in Sangam literature- சங்க இலக்கியங்கள் குறிப்பிடும்

of the Tamil country - தமிழகத்தின்

Among the five geographical divisions - ஐவகை நிலப் பிரிவுகளில்

the Marutam region - மருத நிலப் பகுதி

was fit for cultivation - பயிரிடத் தகுதியான

as it had the most fertile lands - வளம் நிறைந்த நிலமாக இருந்துள்ளது

(2) The property of a former depended on getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the fertility of the soil.

The property of a former - ஓர் உழவரின் செழுமை

on getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the fertility of the soil -போதுமான சூரிய ஒளி, பருவமழை மற்றும் வளமான மண் ஆகியவற்றைப்

depended - பொறுத்து அமைந்தது

(3) Among these elements of nature, sunlight was considered indispensable by the ancient Tamil

Among these elements of nature- இயற்கையின் இந்தக் கூறுகளில்

by the ancient Tamil- பண்டைத்தமிழரால்

sunlight - சூரிய ஒளி

indispensable - தவிர்க்கமுடியாத ஒன்றாகக்

was considered - கருதப்பட்டது

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

சங்க இலக்கியங்கள் குறிப்பிடும் தமிழகத்தின் ஐவகை நிலப் பிரிவுகளில் மருதநிலம் பயிரிடத் தகுதியான வளம் நிறைந்த நிலமாக இருந்துள்ளது.

போதுமான சூரிய ஒளி, பருவமழை மற்றும் வளமான மண் ஆகியவற்றைப் பொறுத்தே ஓர் உழவரின் செழுமை அமைந்தது.

இயற்கையின் இந்தக் கூறுகளில் சூரிய ஒளி தவிர்க்க முடியாத ஒன்றாகக் கருதப்பட்டது.

இயல் 8

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி

once upon a time there were two beggars in Rome. The first beggar used to cry in the streets of the city, "he is helped whom God helps". The second beggar used to cry,"he is helped whom the king helps". This was repeated by them everyday. The emperor of Rome heard it often that he decided to help the beggar who popularized him in the streets of Rome. He ordered a loaf of bread to be backed and filled with pieces of gold. When the beggar felt the heavy weight of the bread, he sold it to his friend as soon as he met him. The latter carried it home. When he cut the loaf of bread he found sparkling pieces of gold. Thanking God, he stopped begging from that day. But the other continued to beg through the city. Puzzled by the beggar's behaviour, the emperor summoned him to his presence and asked him, "what have you done with the loaf of bread that I had sent you lately?". The man replied, "I sold it to my friend, because it was heavy and didn't seem well backed". Then emperor said,"truly he whom God helps is helped indeed", and turned the beggar out of his palace.

திருத்தப்பட்ட மொழியாக்கம்

முன்பு ஒரு காலத்தில் ரோம் நகரில் இரண்டு பிச்சைக்காரர்கள் இருந்தார்கள்.

அதில் ஒருவன் நகரத் தெருக்களில் பிச்சை எடுக்கும் போது, "கடவுள் யாருக்கு உதவுகிறாரோ அவனே உதவியைப் பெறுவான்" என்று இறைஞ்சினான்.

மற்றொருவன்," அரசர் யாருக்கு உதவி செய்கிறாரோ அவனே உதவியைப் பெறுவான்" என்று இறைஞ்சினான்.

இது நாள்தோறும் தொடர்ந்தது.

ரோமப் பேரரசர் இதை அடிக்கடி கேள்விப்பட்டார்.

ரோம் நகரத் தெருக்களில் அரசரின் புகழை பரப்பியவனுக்கு உதவி செய்ய முடிவெடுத்தார்

தங்க கட்டிகள் நிரப்பிய பெரிய ரொட்டியைத் தயார் செய்து அவனுக்குக் கொடுக்குமாறு ஆணையிட்டார்.

ரொட்டி கனமாக இருந்ததால் அவனது நண்பனைக் கண்டவுடன் அதை அவன் விற்று விட்டான்.

மற்றொருவன் அந்த ரொட்டியை வீட்டிற்கு எடுத்து வந்தான்.

ரெட்டியை வெட்டிப் பார்த்தபோது அதில் மின்னும் தங்கக் கட்டிகள் இருப்பதைக் கண்டான்.

கடவுளுக்கு நன்றி கூறினான்.

அன்றிலிருந்து பிச்சை எடுப்பதை நிறுத்தி விட்டான்.

மற்றொருவனோ நகரத் தெருக்களில் பிச்சை எடுப்பதைத் தொடர்ந்தான். அவனின் நடத்தையால் பேரரசர் குழம்பினார்.

அவனை அரசர் முன் வரச்செய்து அவனிடம்,"நான் உனக்கு அனுப்பிய ரொட்டித் துண்டுகளை என்ன செய்தாய்?"என்று கேட்டார்.

"அது கனமாகவும் சரியாக வேகாமலும் இருந்ததால் அதை என் நண்பனிடம் விற்று விட்டேன்" என்றான் அவன்.

பிறகு,"கடவுள் யாருக்கு உண்மையிலேயே உதவுகிறாரோ, அவனே உண்மையில் உதவியைப் பெறுகிறான்" என்றார் பேரரசர்.

அத்துடன், அந்தப் பிச்சைக்காரனை அரண்மனையை விட்டு வெளியேற்றினார்.

இயல் 9

ஆங்கிலப் பகுதி & மொழியாக்கம்

(1). Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.

-Albert Einstein

பள்ளியில் படித்தவற்றுள் மறந்தபின் மீதம் உள்ளவையே கல்வியாகும்

(2). Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week .

- Spanish proverb

வாரத்தின் நாள்களில் நாளை என்பதே பெரும்பாலும் சுறுசுறுப்பான நாளாகும்.

(3). it is during our darkest moments that we must focus to see the light.

- Aristotle

கடினமான சூழலில் நமது கவனம் வெற்றியை நோக்கி இருக்க வேண்டும்.

(4). Success is not final, failure is not fatal. It is the courage to continue that counts.

- Winston Churchill.

வெற்றி என்பது இறுதி அன்று. தோல்வி என்பது அழிவு அன்று. தொடர்ச்சியான துணிவே சிறப்பானது.

His First Flight | Speaking and Reading Comprehension Exercises | 10th English Unit 1

His First Flight | Prose by Liam O'Flaherty

Speaking

Role-play: Planning a Family Trip

Your family has planned for a two-day trip to a tourist spot nearby in a reserved forest. Your father has no idea about what safety measures and precautions to be taken before you start. Enact a role-play on the above situation.

Student 1: As a son / daughter

Student 2: As a father

These would help you.

• Important places to be visited
• Food and accommodation
• Mode of transport
• Necessary clothes for two days
• First-aid kit and medicines required if any etc.

Son/Daughter: Dad, Shall we go for a picnic?

Father: Sure. Have you chosen any spot?

Son/Daughter: Yes, Dad. Puliyancholai forest.

Father: Nice place. Ask your mother to prepare food for two days.

Son/Daughter: Ok, Dad. Shall we go by car?

Father: Mmm. Go and pack your dresses for two days.

Son/Daughter: Is there anything else to pack, Dad?

Father: Yes, Pack the things like first-aid kit and medicines.

Son/Daughter: Sure, Dad.

Father: I will make our car ready for our trip. Bye.

Son/Daughter: Bye, Dad.

G. Here is a dialogue between a father and his daughter. Continue the dialogue with at least five utterances and use all the clues given above.

Father: Hi Mary, it has been a very long time since we went on a trip. Let’s plan one.

Mary: Yes, dad. I am also longing to go. Why don’t we plan one for this weekend?

Father: Sure. Tell me, where shall we go?

Mary: Some place nearby but for at least two days.

Father: Hmm… I think we should go to the reserved forest nearby.

Mary: Yeah. I’ve never been to a forest. I have seen a forest only on the TV and movies. The forest is a good choice!

Father: OK. If we are going to the forest, we must list out what we should carry with us for two days.

Mary: I think we should carry suitable clothes like daily wear for 2 days.

Father: What about the food? Do you have any idea, Mary?

Mary: Yeah. For food, I suggest Rotis, chappathis, bread, butter and jam.

Father: Don’t you think we need First-aid kit and medicines required?

Mary: Yes, of course. We must also arrange proper transport and safe accommodation.

Reading

H. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

BUNGEE-JUMPING

Bungee jumping is an activity that involves jumping from a tall structure while connected to a long elastic cord. The tall structure is usually a fixed object, such as a building, bridge or crane; but it is also possible to jump from a movable object, such as a hot-air-balloon or helicopter, that has the ability to hover above the ground. The thrill comes from the free-falling and the rebound. When the person jumps, the cord stretches and the jumper flies upwards again as the cord recoils, and continues to oscillate up and down until all the kinetic energy is dissipated.

Jumping Heights, located in Mohan Chatti village, in Rishikesh has been rated as one of the most preferred bungee jumping destinations in India at a height of 83 meters. It is the only place in India where bungee jumping can be done from a fixed platform. This is also India’s only fixed platform Bungee- performed from a professional cantilever, to separate it from entertainment parks, and create instead, an extreme adventure zone. The Bungee has been designed by David Allardice of New Zealand.

The Cantilever platform is built over a rocky cliff over-looking the river Hall, tributary of River Ganges. Bungee-ing amidst the vastness of nature lends the experience an absolutely breathtaking quality. Jumping heights is well known for its safety measures and experienced staff. It costs around Rs 2500 per jump, a bit expensive, but totally worth the experience. The Bungee jumping experience has been set amidst the astoundingly stunning landscape of Rishikesh. To Bungee jump, one must be at least 12 years and should weigh between 40-110 kg.

Questions

1. What is Bungee Jumping?

Bungee jumping is an activity that involves jumping from a tall structure while connected to a long elastic cord.

2. Can Bungee be performed from a movable object? How?

Yes. It is also possible to perform Bungee from a movable object. With the help of a hot-air balloon or helicopter, that has the ability to hover above the ground.

3. When do you think Bungee becomes thrilling?

Bungee becomes thrilling from the free falling and the rebound. When the person jumps, the cord stretches and the jumper flies upwards again as the cord recoils, and continues to oscillate up and down until all the kinetic energy is dissipated.

4. What is the experience when one falls off the platform?

When one falls off the platform, he or she gets excitement and thrill very much.

5. Where is the Bungee jumping point located in India?

The Bungee jumping experience has been set amidst the astoundingly stunning landscape of Rishikesh.

6. What is the minimum age to Bungee jump?

The minimum age to Bungee Jump is 12 years.

SSLC English Public Exam March 2024 - Official Answer Key

www.omtexclasses.com | www.omtex.co.in

EXAMINATIONS, CHENNAI – 6

SSLC EXAMINATION – MARCH / APRIL - 2024

KEY ANSWER FOR ENGLISH

MAXIMUM MARKS: 100

PART - I

Answer all the questions. 14X1=14

Q.No	Code	Answer	Mark
1	(a)	foresee	1
2	(d)	stare	1
3	(c)	emotional	1
4	(d)	descending	1
5	(a)	poor	1
6	(b)	usual	1
7	(b) or (d)	eskimos (or) eskimo	1
8	(a)	hood	1
9	(a)	Augmentative and Alternative Communication	1
10	(b)	work out	1
11	(c)	man	1
12	(b)	on	1
13	(a) or (b)	attends (or) attended	1
14	(a)	incase	1

PART - II

SECTION - 1

Answer any three of the following questions in a sentence or two. 3X2=6

15. Slamming of the doors

Mark: 2

16. TV, Blu-Ray and Music Players

Mark: 2

17. Knowledge of the disease / Only one in London can cure / Want to trap Smith / to confess the murder

Mark: 2

18. Mark shall be given on mere attempt

Mark: 2

SECTION - 2

Read the following set of poetic lines and answer any three of the following. 3X2=6

19.

a) Complaining street (1 Mark)

b) Complaining / grumbling about everything (1 Mark)

20.

a) Starvation and famine (1 Mark)

b) Wet / cold / snowy weather / winter / no shelter (1 Mark)

21.

a) Up the hill or down / rough or smooth (1 Mark)

b) Joy / joyful / happy (1 Mark)

22.

a) Human beings / people (1 Mark)

b) Machines' task (1 Mark)

SECTION - 3

Answer Any Three of the following. 3X2=6

23. He said that he had bought five apples from the shop.

Mark: 2

24. Has Raman been invited to the party by you? / Has Raman been invited by you to the party?

Mark: 2

25. "Do you know the symptoms?” asked Smith.

Mark: 2

26. He followed my suggestion / suggestions

Mark: 2

27.

a) He had made his first flight. (1 Mark)

b) Mulan heard this from inside her tent. (1 Mark)

SECTION - 4

Answer the following question. 1X2=2

28. Any relevant instructions may be given full marks.

Mark: 2

PART - III

SECTION - 1

Answer any two of the following in a paragraph 2X5=10

29. (The Night the Ghost Got In)

• The narrator's family heard the sound
• They sought help from Mr.Bodwell
• The police arrived
• Broke the front glass door
• Pulled drawers and furniture
• Ransacked the floor and tore the clothes
• Messed up everything
• Reached the attic
• Grandfather mistook them for deserters
• Grabbed their gun
• Shot at them
• The police left the house empty-handed at last.

(Full Marks can be awarded for paragraphs without mistakes using the hints with any relevant answers)

30. (Technology A Boon)

• Overcoming disability with help of technology by Alisha and David
• Alisha suffers Cerebral palsy
• Use of Dragon Dictate
• David suffers with Athetoid Cerebral palsy
• Use of Liberator Communication Device (LCD)
• Moving computer screen with eye gaze
• Kim - Assistive technologist
• Making the disabled independent
• Use of Technical gadgets
  • Bluetooth, PC, Mac, ACTIV Controller, ECO2
• Indian Inventions: Lechal Shoes, Blee watches, IGEST

(Full Marks can be awarded for paragraphs without mistakes using the hints with any relevant answers)

31. Character sketch of Sasanka Sanyal

• Brilliant student
• Good memory power
• Acute sense of self respect
• Led a cursed life
• Partially crazy nature
• Not materialistic
• Forgiving nature
• Longing for recognition

(Paragraph incorporating any five Characteristic traits of Sasanka Sanyal relating the situation mentioned in the lesson without mistakes can be given full marks)

32. (INSV Tarini)

Government's Policy

• Women Empowerment – Nari Shakti
• Make In India
• Navika Sagar Parikrama

Special Features of INSV

• Environment Friendly
• Accurate weather forecast
• Monitoring Marine Pollution

Women Crew

• Six women short listed
• Little survival skills
• Training – INWTC – three years

Voyage Plan

• Five Legs, four ports, 254 days
• Started on 10 September 2017 from Goa
• Ended on 21 May 2018 at Goa

Team work

• Collaborative work
• Ultimate Honesty

(Full Marks can be awarded for paragraphs without mistakes using the hints with any relevant answers)

SECTION - 2

Answer any two of the following 2X5=10

33. Optimistic Attitude mentioned in the poem

• Being satisfied
• Accepting the life as it is
• Facing problems in a positive way
• Treating joy and sadness equally
• Accepting the reality
• Never complaining
• Walk with a smile
• See good in everything
• Being trust worthy

(Paragraph incorporating any five Optimistic attitudes in the poem mentioned by the poet without mistakes can be given full marks)

34. The Ant and the Cricket

Ant's Attitude	Cricket's Attitude
❖ Decent	❖ Silly behaviour
❖ Spends time on saving food	❖ Spends time on singing
❖ Neither a borrower nor a lender	❖ Borrower
❖ Wise	❖ Foolish
❖ Hardworking	❖ Lazy
❖ Good planner	❖ Worst planner
❖ Miserly ant	❖ Spent thrift
❖ Dignified	❖ Shameless

(Paragraph incorporating any five contrast attitudes of the Ant and the Cricket without mistakes can be given full marks)

SECTION - 3

Answer any one of the following. 1X5=5

35.

a) fall – tall (2 Marks)

b) abcc (1 Mark)

c) Personification (1 Mark)

d) Spring – Summer (1 Mark)

36.

Title (1 Mark)

Paraphrasing of poetic lines (3 Marks)

Conclusion (1 Mark)

37. (Rearrange the sentences)

1. The Emperor said that one man from each Chinese family must join the army.
2. Mulan, a teenage girl who lived in a faraway village of China heard the news.
3. Mulan went into her room and cut her long hair.
4. She climbed on a horse and joined the army.
5. In the army, Mulan proved to be a brave soldier.

38. (Rearrange the sentences)

1. Peter's mother wanted him to go across the dike and to take those cakes to his blind friend.
2. His mother advised him to go quickly, not to stop to play and return home before dark.
3. The little boy was glad to go on such an errand of meeting his blind friend.
4. The little boy told his friend about his walk along the dike, the sun, the flowers and the ships far out at sea.
5. The little boy remembered his mother's wish that he should return before dark.

SECTION - 4

Answer any four of the following. 4X5=20

39. Advertisement

Outline (1), Title (1), Picture (1), Caption (1), Address (1)

40. Letter Writing

From – To (1), Date, Salutation (1), Body of the Letter (2), Subscription and superscription (1)

41. Notice Writing

Name of the institution and programme (1), Date and Venue (1), Content (2), Name and Designation (1)

42. Any five relevant sentences without mistakes.

Mark: 5

43. Notes

Title (1 Mark)

Words/phrases with all important points. (With / without hyphen) / Sub heading with points. (4 Marks)

( OR )

Summary

Title (1 Mark)

Rough copy (2 Marks)

Fair copy (Based on rough copy, fair copy should have been prepared without grammatical and syntactical errors) (2 Marks)

SECTION - 5

Answer the following question. 1X5=5

44. Spot the Errors

1. The earth goes round the sun.
2. It is pouring outside now.
3. I will / shall be fifteen next April.
4. Her cousins as well as she are hard working.
5. As we were late, we apologised. / We were late so we apologised.

45. Quote from memory.

Not mourning for the things that disappear
In the dim past, nor holding back in fear
From what the future veils; but with a whole
And happy heart, that pays its toll
To Youth and Age, and travels on with cheer.

PART - IV

Answer 2X8=16

46 (a) Supplementary – Summary of the story

Title (1 Mark)

Own summary without mistakes (6 Marks)

Moral (1 Mark)

( OR )

46 (b) Supplementary – Summary of the story

Title (1 Mark)

Own summary without mistakes (6 Marks)

Moral (1 Mark)

(Even without mentioning the name Alonso, the paragraph written without mistakes can be awarded full marks)

---

47 (a)

1. Books are the greatest treasure of mankind. The habit of reading them gives a source of pleasure (2 Marks)
2. One should start collecting books from youth. (2 Marks)
3. Books contain eternal truths. (2 Marks)
4. Any relevant two uses of reading books. (2 Marks)

( OR )

47 (b)

1. The Lily. (2 Marks)
2. The oak falls as a log, bald, dry and sere / lifeless at last. (2 Marks)
3. The life of oak is long / three hundred years. The life of lily is short / a day. (2 Marks)
4. Man's life may be perfect though it is short / Any relevant answer to the question. (2 Marks)

ALL THE BEST FOR YOUR EXAMINATION

Balbharati solutions for Economics 11th Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board chapter 10 - Economic Planning in India [Latest edition]

Chapter 10: Economic Planning in India

Choose the correct option :

Statements that are true about the Planning Commission

a) Planning Commission was established in 1950.

b) The Prime Minister is the Ex-Officio Chairman of the Planning Commission.

c) Economic planning is a time bound programme.

d) Economic planning is based on predetermined objectives.

OPTIONS

a and b

a, b, c and d

a and c

None of these

Statements that are incorrect regarding India's five year plans

a) The main objective of the first five year plan was the development of agriculture.

b) Social welfare and poverty eradication were the prime objectives of the seventh five year plan.

c) By the second five year plan, focus increased on faster, inclusive growth.

d) Development of both agriculture and industry were the main objectives of the third five year plan.

OPTIONS

a

a, b and d

c

b and d

Identify the right group of pairs from the given options :

A	B
1) Economic planning	a) Selection by the prime minister
2) Twelfth five-year plan	b) Think tank group of the Indian government
3) NITI Aayog	c) Fast and sustainable growth
4) NITI Aayog vice -chairperson	d) Time bound programme

OPTIONS

 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b

1-d, 2-b, 3-a, 4-c

1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a

1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-a

Choose the correct statement:

Statement 1: NITI Aayog takes note of dynamic change in the Indian economy

Statement 2: Considering the economic, social and technological differences in underdeveloped districts, the body plans to implement various programmes and bring about economic changes.

OPTIONS

statement 1 is correct

statement 2 is correct

statement 2 is the result of statement 1

there is no relation between statement 1 and statement 2

Give economic term:

Conscious and deliberate choice of economic priorities by some public authority.

 

SOLUTION

Conscious and deliberate choice of economic priorities by some public authority - Economic Planning

A group of people called forth by the government to discuss various problems and also try to find solutions to them.

SOLUTION

NITI Aayog.

Identify and explain the concept from the given illustration:

Sayali’s mother maintains a book of accounts for household purposes and plans the expenditure accordingly.

SOLUTION

A) Identify concept: Economic planning

B) Explanation of concept: Economic planning is a conscious and deliberate choice of economic priorities by an individual or public authority.

Ramabai gets subsidy on domestic LPG directly transferred to her bank a/c.

SOLUTION

a) Identify the concept: direct cash transfer.

b) Explanation of concept: direct cash transfer was one of the targets of the 12th five-year plan in which major subsidies and welfare-related beneficiaries were to be shifted to a direct cash transfer by using aadhar platform linked with bank a/cs.

To solve classroom related issues, the teacher forms a group of students, this group discusses the problem and finds a solution to it.

SOLUTION

A) Identify concept: Think tank.

B) Explanation of concept: A Think tank is a group of experts who are gathered together by a person or organization in order to consider various problems, try and work out ways to solve them.

Answer the following question:

Explain the features of Economic Planning

SOLUTION

The following are the features of economic planning:

Central Planning Authority: In India, economic planning is undertaken by the Central Planning Authority. In India, it was known as the Planning Commission. Since 2015, Planning Commission has been replaced by National Institution for Transforming India i.e. NITI Aayog

A survey: For economic planning, a comprehensive survey of the economy is undertaken. The survey includes getting information regarding the availability and utilization of human and natural resources.

Objectives:' Economic planning is based on certain predetermined objectives. These objectives are realistic and flexible.

Priorities and targets: In economic planning, for accelerating economic development, the priorities are fixed according to the importance of each sector. Target is the concrete step towards the attainment of the predetermined objectives.

Mobilization of resources: The resources needed for the implementation of plans are mobilized through various sources such as taxes, domestic savings, direct financing, public debt, external assistance, etc.

Plan period: Plan period varies as per the needs. In India, economic planning is generally for a period of five years.

Evaluation: Periodic assessments such as a mid-term appraisal of the plan is done. This helps to incorporate necessary changes in priorities and targets if needed.

Continuous process: Economic planning is a continuous process. It aims at the economic development of a country.

Coordination: In India, states also undertake economic planning along with the centre. Thus, in economic planning, coordination between the centre and states is ensured.

Flexibility: In India, the Central Planning Authority maintains flexibility in its approach. It allows us to incorporate necessary changes in the economic plans as per the requirements during its implementation.

Explain the targets of the 12th Five Year plan.

SOLUTION

The targets of 12th Five Year Plan were as follows:

1. Economic growth: The target related to economic growth were as follows:

(a) Real GDP growth rate at 8 percent to be achieved.

(b) Agriculture growth rate at 4 percent to be achieved.

(c) Manufacturing and industrial growth rate at 10 percent to be achieved.

(d) Every state must have a higher average growth rate in the 12th plan than what was achieved in the 11th plan.

2. Poverty and employment: The targets related to the eradication of poverty and generation of employment were as follows :

(a) To reduce the head-count ratio of poverty by 10 percent.

(b) To create 50 million new work opportunities in the non-farm sector.

3. Education: The targets related to education were as follows :

(a) Mean years of schooling to increase to seven years by the end of the twelfth plan.

(b) Access to higher education with reference to skill development.

(c) Eliminate gender and social gap in school enrolment by the end of the plan.

4. Health: The targets related to health were as follows :

(a) Reduce the total fertility rate to 2.1 percent.

(b) Reduce under-nutrition among children in the age group of O to 3 years to half of the NFHS-3 levels.

5. Infrastructure: Targets related to infrastructure were as follows: '

(a) Investment in infrastructure to be increased to 9 percent of GDP.

(b) Connect all villages with all-weather roads.

(c) Increase in rural television and telephone density to 70 percent.

6. Environment and sustainability: The targets related to environment and sustainability were as follows :

Increase green cover by 1 million hectares every year during the 12th plan period.

7. Service Delivery: The targets related to service delivery were as follows:

(a) Provide access to banking services to 90 percent of Indian households by the end of the plan.

(b) Major subsidies and welfare-related beneficiaries to be shifted to a direct cash transfer by using the Aadhar platform linked with bank accounts.

Explain the structure of NITI Aayog.

SOLUTION

The structure of N ITI Aayog can be explained as follows:

Governing Council: The governing council of NITI Aayog comprises the Chief Ministers of all states and Governors of Union Territories.

Regional Councils: The regional councils of NITI Aayog would be formed to address specific issues and contingencies impacting more than one state or region of India.

Special Invitees: The special invitees of NITI Aayog would include experts, specialists, and practitioners with relevant knowledge who will be nominated by the Prime Minister.

Organisational Framework: Organisational structure of NITI Aayog includes the following Officials:

Chairperson: Chairperson is the Prime Minister of India.

Vice Chairperson: Vice Chairperson is to be appointed by the Prime Minister. There are 5 full-time members and 2 part-time members.

Ex-officio Members: Maximum of 4 members of the Union Council of Ministers to be appointed by the Prime Minister.

Chief Executive Officer (CEO): CEO is to be appointed by the Prime Minister for a fixed tenure, in the rank of Secretary to the Government of India.

Secretariat: Secretariat is to be appointed as deemed necessary.

Explain the functions of NITI Ayog.

SOLUTION

The functions of NITI Aayog are as follows :

Shared national agenda: NITI Aayog assumes the active role of states in the implementation of plans. NITI provides a framework of National Agenda for the Prime Minister and Chief Ministers for implementation.

States’ best friend at centre: NITI Aayog supports the states in addressing their challenges. It also helps states in building strengths and finding comparative advantages. It helps the states by way of coordinating with Ministers, championing their ideas at the centre, providing consultancy support and building capacity.

Decentralized planning: NITI Aayog reconstructs the planning process into a bottom-up model. It stresses planning from the village level i.e. local government to national level or central government.

Knowledge and innovation hub: NITI Aayog acts as an accumulator as well as a booster of research. It practices good governance, through State-of-the-art resource centre Which identifies, analyses, shares and facilitates replication of the same.

Monitoring and Evaluation: NITI Aayog monitors the implementation of policies and programmes and evaluates their impact through ' rigorous tracking of performance metrics and comprehensive programme evaluation. It also helps in identifying weaknesses and bottlenecks for necessary course correlation. It helps in data-driven policymaking and encourages greater efficiency and effectiveness.

Co-0perative and competitive federalism: NITI Aayog acts as the primary platform for operationalizing cooperative federalism. It enables states to have active participation in the formulation of national economic policies and achieving time-bound implementation of quantitative as well as qualitative targets through the combined authority of Prime Minister and Chief Ministers of the States and Governors of Union Territories.

Other functions: Inter consultancy, conflict resolution, technological up-gradation are some of the other functions of NITI Aayog.

Distinguish between Planning Commission and NITI Aayog.

SOLUTION

Planning Commission and NITI Aayog can be distinguished as follows:

Establishment: Planning Commission was established on 15th March 1950. On the other hand, NITI Aayog was established on 1st January 2015.

Functions: Planning Commission allocates funds to Ministry ' and state governments. On the other hand, NITI Aayog is an advisory body or a think tank which advises the allocation of funds. it has no power to frame policies.

Role of States: Planning Commission restricts the role of states to the National ' Development Council (N DC) and annual interaction during plan meetings. On the other hand, NITI Aayog expects state governments to play a more significant role in framing and implementing plans.

Appointment of Secretaries: For the Planning Commission, the secretaries or member secretaries were appointed through the usual process. On the other hand, the NITI Aayog secretary known as ' CEO 'is to be appointed by the Prime Minister.

Provision of part-time members: Planning Commission has no provision for part-time members. On the other hand, NITI Aayog has a number of part-time members, depending on the need.

Organizing ' framework: Planning Commission had Chairperson, a Member Secretary, and full-time members. On the other hand, NITI Aayog comprises Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, full-time members, part-time members, Ex-officio members, and CEO of Secretary rank.

State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:

State governments have a more significant role to play under NITI Aayog.

OPTIONS

Agree

Disagree

SOLUTION

Yes, I agree with this statement.

Reasons: ‘

1. NITI Aayog assumes the active role of states in the implementation of plans. NITI provides a framework of National Agenda for the Prime Minister and Chief Ministers for Implementation.

2. NITI Aayog supports the states in addressing It helps the states b3: a way of coordinating with Ministers, championing their ideas at the centre, providing consultancy support, and building capacity.

3. NITI Aayog reconstructs the planning process into a bottom-up model. It stresses on planning from Village level 1.6. local government to the national level or central government.

4. Thus, State governments have a more significant role to play under NITI Aayog.

Functions of the Planning Commission have been transferred to NITI Ayog.

OPTIONS

Agree

Disagree

SOLUTION

Yes, I agree with this statement.

Reasons:

1. In India, economic planning is undertaken by the Central Planning Authority. In India, it was known as Planning Commission up to 2015.

2. Since 2015, Planning Commission has been replaced by National Institution for Transforming India i.e. NITI Aayog.

3. Resolution of NITI Aayog was sanctioned on 1st January, 20 15, and its actual execution started after the completion of the 12th Five Year Plan.

4. Thus, the functions of the Planning Commission “have been transferred to NITI Aayog.

The objective of the12th five year plan was to achieve faster, sustainable, and inclusive growth.

OPTIONS

• Agree

• Disagree

SOLUTION

Yes, I agree with this statement.

Reasons:

1. The 12th five-year plan had a target growth rate of 8 percent. It had a target growth rate of 4 percent for the agricultural sector and a target growth rate of 10 percent for the industrial sector.

2. It also had a target of reducing the headcount ratio of poverty by 10 percent.

3. It also had targets for the spread of education and health facilities, development of infrastructure. sustaining environment, etc.

4. Thus, the objective of the 12th five-year plan was to achieve faster, sustainable and inclusive growth.

Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:

The Finance Minister of the Central Government presents the Union Budget before the Parliament during the month of February every year. The budget, also referred to as the annual financial statement, reflects the estimated receipts and expenditure of the government for a particular financial year that begins on the 1st of April and ends on 31st March. Changes in the tax structure are suggested in the budget. Besides this, provisions are also made for allocating expenditure on defence, education, research, and development, etc. The date for presenting the budget has been shifted to the 1st of February every year. This enables the generation of funds well in advance prior to the commencement of the financial year.

1) Where is the Union Budget usually presented?

2) What all aspects are considered while preparing the budget?

3) Why is the date for presenting the budget shifted to the 1st of February?

4) Explain the term 'budget'.

SOLUTION

The Union Budget is usually presented in parliament.

The aspects like defence, education, infrastructure are considered while preparing the budget.

The date for presenting the budget is shifted to the 1st of February for enabling the generation of funds well in advance prior to the commencement of the financial year.

The budget is the record of annual financial statements reflecting the estimated receipts and expenditure of the government for a particular financial year that begins on the 1st of April and ends on 31st March.

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts in Economics

Chapter 2: Money

Chapter 3: Partition Values

Chapter 4: The Economy of Maharashtra

Chapter 5: Rural Development in India

Chapter 6: Population in India

Chapter 7: Unemployment in India

Chapter 8: Poverty in India

Chapter 9: Economic Policy of India since

Chapter 10: Economic Planning in India

Economics 11th Standard Maharashtra State Board

Author: Balbharati

Publisher: Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research