10th Social Science Quarterly Exam 2024
Question Paper with Complete Solutions
Choose the correct answer.
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Which country emerged as the strongest in East Asia towards the close of the nineteenth century?
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Where did the US drop its first atomic bomb?
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The United States and European allies formed .......... to resist any Soviet aggression in Europe.
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In which year was Sati abolished?
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Whose voice was Rast Goftar?
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The Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar separates India from ..........
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.......... is a line joining the place of equal rainfall
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.......... is not a part of the world network biosphere reserves of UNESCO.
Note: While all four listed are part of UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves, this type of question in exams often has a subtle intended answer. Kachch (Rann of Kutch) is geographically and ecologically distinct from the other three options (which are in South India). In some older textbooks or question patterns, it might be considered the "odd one out". However, factually, all are recognized by UNESCO. -
Which crop is called as "Golden Fibre" in India
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The city which is called as the Manchester of South India is
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Choose the correct statement.
i) Total members of the Rajya Sabha is 250
ii) The 12 nominated members shall be chosen by the President from amongst persons experience in the field of literature, science, art and social services
iii) The members of the Rajya Sabha should not be less than 30 years of age.
iv) The members of the Rajya Sabha are directly elected by the peoples. -
Which one of the following states does not possess a bicameral legislature?
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Who granted the English "Golden Farman" in 1632
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..........is the only state in India to adopt Universal PDS
Answer any 10 questions. (Q.No. 28 is compulsory).
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How do you assess the importance of Sino-Japanese war?
The Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) was important for the following reasons:
- It demonstrated Japan's successful modernization and emergence as a major military power in East Asia.
- It exposed the weakness of the Qing dynasty in China, leading to increased foreign intervention and internal revolutionary movements.
- Japan gained control of Taiwan and the Liaotung Peninsula, marking the beginning of its imperial expansion.
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Define "Dollar Imperialism"?
Dollar Imperialism refers to the policy of the United States to extend its influence over other countries, not through direct military conquest, but through economic power. This is achieved by using its financial strength, loans, and investments to dominate the economies and politics of less developed nations.
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Who were the three prominent dictators of the post World War I?
The three prominent dictators of the post-World War I era were:
- Benito Mussolini in Italy (Fascism)
- Adolf Hitler in Germany (Nazism)
- Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union (Communism)
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Write a note on Mao's Long March.
The Long March (1934-1935) was a massive military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China. Led by Mao Zedong, they marched over 9,000 kilometers to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party). Though a retreat, it solidified Mao's leadership and preserved the core of the Communist forces, becoming a foundational event in Chinese communist history.
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List the social evils eradicated by Brahma Samaj.
The Brahma Samaj, founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, worked to eradicate several social evils, including:
- Sati (the practice of a widow immolating herself on her husband's pyre)
- Child Marriage
- Polygamy
- The rigidities of the caste system
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State the west flowing rivers of India.
The two major west-flowing rivers of Peninsular India are:
- Narmada: Rises in the Amarkantak Plateau and flows through a rift valley into the Arabian Sea.
- Tapti (or Tapi): Rises in the Satpura Range and also flows westwards into the Arabian Sea.
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Name the four distinct seasons of India.
According to the Indian Meteorological Department, India has four distinct seasons:
- Winter Season (January - February)
- Summer Season (March - May)
- Southwest Monsoon Season or Rainy Season (June - September)
- Northeast Monsoon Season or Retreating Monsoon (October - December)
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State any two characteristics of black cotton soil?
Two key characteristics of black cotton soil (Regur soil) are:
- High Moisture Retentivity: It is fine-textured and clayey, allowing it to hold moisture for a long time, which is ideal for cotton cultivation.
- Develops Cracks when Dry: During the dry season, it shrinks and develops wide, deep cracks, which helps in soil aeration.
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Define the resource and state its types?
Resource: Anything that can be used to satisfy human needs and has utility and value is called a resource.
Types of Resources:- On the basis of Origin: Biotic and Abiotic resources.
- On the basis of Renewability: Renewable and Non-renewable resources.
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What is communication? What are its types?
Communication: It is the process of conveying information, ideas, feelings, and messages from one person or group to another.
Types of Communication:- Personal Communication: Exchange of information between individuals (e.g., letters, telephone, email).
- Mass Communication: Conveying information to a large audience simultaneously (e.g., newspapers, radio, television).
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How is President of India elected?
The President of India is elected not directly by the people but by the members of an electoral college. This electoral college consists of:
- The elected members of both the Houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha).
- The elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the States and the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry.
The election is held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote.
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What are qualifications for the appointment of Governor?
To be appointed as a Governor, a person must meet the following qualifications:
- Must be a citizen of India.
- Must have completed 35 years of age.
- Should not be a member of the Parliament or any State Legislature.
- Should not hold any other office of profit.
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Write any two positive impact of Globalization?
Two positive impacts of Globalization are:
- Increased Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Globalization has led to a greater flow of capital and investment from developed to developing countries, boosting economic growth.
- Access to Technology and Markets: It facilitates the spread of advanced technology and provides domestic producers with access to larger international markets.
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Write names of some nutrition programmes in Tamilnadu. (Compulsory)
Some prominent nutrition programmes implemented in Tamilnadu are:
- Puratchi Thalaivar M.G.R. Nutritious Meal Programme: A pioneering mid-day meal scheme providing nutritious meals to school children.
- Chief Minister's Comprehensive Health Insurance Scheme: Provides quality healthcare and reduces out-of-pocket expenditure on health, which indirectly impacts nutrition.
- Dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy Maternity Benefit Scheme: Provides financial assistance to pregnant women, ensuring better maternal and child nutrition.
Answer any 10 questions. Q.No. 42 is compulsory.
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Fill in the blanks.
i) The secret state police in Nazi Germany was known as Gestapo.
ii) Dr. Sun Yat-sen was known as the "Father of Modern China".
iii) The National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) is located at Hyderabad.
iv) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was elected as the temporary President of the constituent assembly.
v) Agriculture is the primary sector in India.
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Estimate the work done by the league of Nations.
The League of Nations, formed after World War I, had both successes and failures in its work:
Aims:
- To prevent future wars through collective security and disarmament.
- To settle international disputes through negotiation and arbitration.
- To promote international cooperation in social and economic affairs.
Achievements (Work Done):
- Dispute Resolution: It successfully settled several minor disputes, such as the Aaland Islands dispute between Sweden and Finland (1921) and the conflict between Greece and Bulgaria (1925).
- Humanitarian Work: Its agencies, like the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the Health Organisation, made significant progress in improving labour conditions, combating diseases, and helping refugees.
Failures:
- Lack of Enforcement Power: It had no army of its own and relied on member states, who were often unwilling to act.
- Major Aggressions: It failed to stop major acts of aggression by powerful nations, such as the Japanese invasion of Manchuria (1931) and the Italian invasion of Abyssinia (1935).
- Inability to Prevent WWII: Its ultimate failure was its inability to prevent the outbreak of World War II.
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Analyse the effect of the World War II.
World War II had profound and lasting effects on the world:
- Enormous Human and Economic Cost: The war resulted in an estimated 60-80 million deaths. It caused unprecedented destruction of cities, industries, and infrastructure, crippling the economies of many nations.
- End of European Dominance: The war severely weakened major European powers like Britain and France, ending their era of global dominance.
- Emergence of Superpowers: The United States and the Soviet Union emerged as the two dominant global superpowers, leading to a bipolar world order.
- The Cold War: Ideological conflict between the capitalist USA and the communist USSR led to the Cold War, a period of geopolitical tension and proxy wars that lasted for decades.
- Formation of the United Nations (UN): To prevent future global conflicts, the United Nations was established in 1945, replacing the ineffective League of Nations.
- Decolonization: The weakened state of European colonial powers accelerated the process of decolonization, leading to the independence of many nations in Asia and Africa.
- Division of Germany: Germany was divided into four occupation zones, which later became West Germany (capitalist) and East Germany (communist), symbolizing the division of Europe.
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Discuss the circumstances that led to the Reform movements of 19th century.
The 19th-century reform movements in India arose from a complex interplay of social, religious, and intellectual circumstances:
- Degraded Social Conditions: Indian society was plagued by numerous social evils like Sati, female infanticide, child marriage, polygamy, and a rigid caste system that promoted untouchability and social hierarchy.
- Status of Women: Women were denied education, property rights, and had a very low status in society. Practices like Sati and the prohibition of widow remarriage made their lives miserable.
- Influence of Western Education and Ideas: The introduction of English education by the British exposed a section of the Indian intelligentsia to Western ideas of rationalism, humanism, liberty, and equality. This led them to critically re-examine their own society and traditions.
- Role of Christian Missionaries: Christian missionaries actively criticized Hindu social practices and religious beliefs. While this created a defensive reaction, it also prompted Indian reformers to address the social evils within their own society.
- Efforts of Enlightened Indians: Visionary leaders and intellectuals like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, and Jyotiba Phule felt an urgent need to reform society from within. They believed that social and religious reform was a prerequisite for political advancement and national regeneration.
- Growth of Press and Public Opinion: The emergence of newspapers and journals provided a platform for reformers to spread their ideas and build public opinion against social evils.
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(A) Distinguish between :- (i) Weather and Climate. (ii) Internal trade and International trade.
(B) Give reasons. 1) Agriculture is the backbone of India.(A) Distinctions
(i) Weather and Climate
Feature Weather Climate Definition Refers to the day-to-day atmospheric conditions of a place at a specific time (e.g., temperature, humidity, rainfall). Refers to the average weather conditions of a large area over a long period of time (typically 30-35 years). Time Scale Short-term (hours, days). Long-term (years, decades). Area Covers a small, localized area. Covers a large geographical region. Variability Changes frequently and rapidly. Remains relatively stable and changes slowly over time. (ii) Internal trade and International trade
Feature Internal Trade International Trade Definition Trade of goods and services within the geographical boundaries of a country. Trade of goods and services between two or more countries. Currency Involves the use of a single, domestic currency. Involves the use of multiple foreign currencies and exchange rates. Regulations Subject to domestic laws, taxes, and regulations. Subject to international laws, tariffs, quotas, and customs duties. Scope Limited to the national boundary. Global in scope. (B) Give Reasons
1) Agriculture is the backbone of India.
Agriculture is considered the backbone of the Indian economy for the following reasons:
- Livelihood Source: It is the primary source of livelihood for more than 50% of the Indian population.
- Contribution to GDP: Although its share has decreased, it still contributes a significant portion to the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
- Food Security: It ensures food security for the country's vast population by producing food grains and other essential commodities.
- Source of Raw Materials: It provides raw materials for major industries like cotton textiles, sugar, and food processing.
- Support to Trade: Agricultural products like tea, spices, and cotton are major items of India's exports, contributing to foreign exchange earnings.
(Note: As the instruction is to answer any 10, solutions for the remaining optional questions are not provided to maintain exam format. All compulsory questions are answered.)
Answer the following questions.
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a) Trace the circumstances that led to the rise of Hitler in Germany. (OR) b) Write an essay on the role played by the 19th century reformers towards the cause of woman.
a) Circumstances that led to the rise of Hitler in Germany
The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany was not a sudden event but the result of a combination of severe political, economic, and social crises that plagued Germany after World War I.
1. Humiliation of the Treaty of Versailles (1919):
- The treaty, which officially ended WWI, imposed harsh terms on Germany.
- War Guilt Clause: Germany was forced to accept full responsibility for the war.
- Reparations: It was required to pay enormous financial reparations to the Allied powers, crippling its economy.
- Military Restrictions: Its army was severely limited, and its Rhineland was demilitarized.
- Territorial Losses: Germany lost significant territories and all its overseas colonies.
- This treaty was seen as a national humiliation, and Hitler skillfully exploited the widespread resentment against it, promising to restore German honour and tear up the treaty.
2. Political Instability of the Weimar Republic:
- The new democratic government, the Weimar Republic, was associated with the defeat in the war and the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, making it unpopular from the start.
- The system of proportional representation led to many small political parties and coalition governments that were weak, unstable, and short-lived.
- The Republic faced threats from both the extreme left (Communists) and the extreme right (Nationalists), leading to constant political turmoil.
3. The Great Depression (1929):
- The Wall Street Crash of 1929 had a devastating impact on the German economy, which was heavily dependent on American loans.
- Businesses failed, banks collapsed, and unemployment skyrocketed, with millions of Germans losing their jobs.
- The economic misery created a fertile ground for extremist ideologies. The people lost faith in the democratic government's ability to solve the crisis.
4. Appeal of Nazism and Hitler's Charisma:
- The Nazi Party, led by Hitler, offered simple solutions to complex problems.
- Propaganda: Using powerful propaganda led by Joseph Goebbels, the Nazis blamed Jews, Communists, and the Weimar politicians for Germany's problems.
- Promise of Stability and Strength: Hitler promised to restore order, create jobs, and make Germany a strong, unified nation once again.
- Charismatic Oratory: Hitler was a powerful and captivating speaker who could sway large crowds with his passionate speeches, inspiring hope and a sense of national pride.
- Use of Force: The Nazi stormtroopers (SA) were used to intimidate political opponents and create an image of strength and discipline.
In conclusion, the combination of national shame, political weakness, and severe economic hardship created a desperate population that was receptive to Hitler's radical promises of national salvation, leading to his appointment as Chancellor in 1933 and the subsequent establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship.
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Mark the following places on the given outline map of India.
a) i) Thar Desert ii) Deccan Plateau. iii) Mountain Forest iv) Direction of South West Monsoon Wind v) Areas of cultivation of cotton vi) Andaman and Nicobar Island. vii) Major International Airport (any one) (viii) Rann of Kachch
(OR)
B) (i) K2 (ii) Malwa Plateau (iii) Western Ghats (iv) Palk Strait (v) Alluvial soil (vi) Kaveri River (viii) any one Iron ore production centres) (viii) Paradeep
Location Guide for India Map Marking
Since a map cannot be drawn here, this guide describes the location of each feature as it would be marked on an outline map of India.
Part (a) Locations:
- i) Thar Desert: Located in Northwestern India, primarily covering a large part of Rajasthan and extending into Gujarat, Haryana, and Punjab.
- ii) Deccan Plateau: A large triangular plateau in Southern India, covering most of the southern peninsula, south of the Narmada river. It is bordered by the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
- iii) Mountain Forest: These are found in the Himalayan region (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh) and also in the higher elevations of the Western Ghats in South India. Marking the Himalayan range would be appropriate.
- iv) Direction of South West Monsoon Wind: Shown by arrows originating from the Arabian Sea, moving in a northeasterly direction onto the west coast of India, and from the Bay of Bengal, moving northwest over West Bengal and Bangladesh.
- v) Areas of cultivation of cotton: Major areas include the Deccan Plateau (Maharashtra, Gujarat), parts of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh where black soil is prevalent.
- vi) Andaman and Nicobar Island: A group of islands located in the Bay of Bengal to the southeast of the Indian mainland.
- vii) Major International Airport (any one): For example, Indira Gandhi International Airport (Delhi), Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (Mumbai), or Anna International Airport (Chennai). Mark the respective city.
- viii) Rann of Kachch: A large area of salt marshes located in the Kutch district of Gujarat, on the border with Pakistan.
Part (B) Locations (OR):
- i) K2 (Mount Godwin-Austen): The second-highest mountain in the world, located in the Karakoram Range in the northernmost part of India (in the region of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir).
- ii) Malwa Plateau: Located in west-central India, covering parts of Madhya Pradesh and southeastern Rajasthan. It is situated north of the Vindhya Range.
- iii) Western Ghats: A mountain range that runs parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, starting from Gujarat and running through Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.
- iv) Palk Strait: The strait between the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the Mannar district of Sri Lanka.
- v) Alluvial soil: Found extensively in the Northern Plains (Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal) and also in the deltas of east-flowing rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri.
- vi) Kaveri River: Originates in the Western Ghats in Karnataka, flows through Tamil Nadu, and drains into the Bay of Bengal.
- viii) any one Iron ore production centre: For example, Singhbhum in Jharkhand, Mayurbhanj in Odisha, or Bailadila in Chhattisgarh. Mark the approximate location within the state.
- viii) Paradeep: A major seaport located on the coast of Odisha, on the eastern coast of India.