10th Social Science Quarterly Exam 2024 - Original Question Paper with Solutions | Chennai District

10th Social Science Quarterly Exam 2024 - Original Question Paper with Solutions

District: Chennai | Medium: English

Part - I: Choose the best answer (14 × 1 = 14)

1) To which country did the first secretary general of league of Nations belong?

• a) Britain
• b) France
• c) Dutch
• d) USA

Answer: a) Britain (Sir Eric Drummond)

2) Which part of the world disliked dollar imperialism?

• a) Europe
• b) Latin America
• c) India
• d) China

Answer: b) Latin America

3) Where did the US drop its first atomic bomb?

• a) Kavaski
• b) Tokyo
• c) Hiroshima
• d) Nagasaki

Answer: c) Hiroshima

4) i) Ramakrishna Mission was actively involved in social causes such as education health
ii) Ramakrishna established the Ramakrishna Mission
iii) Ramakrishna emphasized the spiritual union with god through ecstatic practices.

• a) (i) is correct
• b) (i) and (ii) are correct
• c) (iii) is correct
• d) (i) and (iii) correct

Answer: d) (i) and (iii) correct (The mission was established by Swami Vivekananda, not Ramakrishna.)

5) ________ is a line joining the places of equal rainfall

• a) Isohyets
• b) Isobar
• c) Isotherm
• d) Latitudes

Answer: a) Isohyets

6) Which crop is called as "Golden Fibre" in India

• a) Cotton
• b) Wheat
• c) Jute
• d) Tobacco

Answer: c) Jute

7) The major import item of India is

• a) Cement
• b) Jewells
• c) Tea
• d) Petroleum

Answer: d) Petroleum

8) ________ has the largest installation of wind turbines in India.

• a) Tamilnadu
• b) Kerala
• c) Gujarat
• d) Odiya

Answer: a) Tamilnadu

9) We borrowed the fundamental Duties from the

• a) Amerian constitution
• b) Canadian constitution
• c) Russian constitution
• d) Irish constitution

Answer: c) Russian constitution (from the former USSR)

10) The Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by

• a) The President
• b) The Allomey General
• c) The Governor
• d) The Prime Minister

Answer: a) The President

11) The state council of Ministers is headed by

• a) The Chief Minister
• b) The Governor
• c) The speaker
• d) The Prime Minister

Answer: a) The Chief Minister

12) India's life expectancy at birth is ________ years

• a) 65
• b) 60
• c) 70
• d) 55

Answer: c) 70 (As of recent data, life expectancy is around 70 years)

13) India signed the Dunkel proposal in

• a) 1984
• b) 1976
• c) 1950
• d) 1994

Answer: d) 1994 (India signed the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the WTO in April 1994, which was based on the Dunkel Draft)

14) ________ revolution was born in India paving way for self sufficiency in food grain production.

• a) Blue Revolution
• b) White Revolution
• c) Green Revolution
• d) Grey Revolution

Answer: c) Green Revolution

Part - II (10 × 2 = 20)

Answer any 10 questions. Question No.28 is compulsory.

15) What do you know of trench warfare?

Trench warfare is a type of combat where opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other. These trenches were long, narrow ditches dug into the ground, which protected soldiers from small arms fire and artillery. This form of warfare was a characteristic feature of World War I on the Western Front.

16) How did Great Depression impact on the Indian agriculture.

The Great Depression severely impacted Indian agriculture. Prices of agricultural products fell sharply, by over 50%. However, the colonial government refused to reduce land revenue demands. This led to extreme hardship for farmers, widespread rural indebtedness, and peasant uprisings in many parts of India.

17) Name the Bretton woods Twins.

The "Bretton Woods Twins" are the two major international financial institutions created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944. They are:

• The International Monetary Fund (IMF)
• The World Bank (initially the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development - IBRD)

18) Write a note on third world countries.

The term "Third World countries" originated during the Cold War to describe nations that were not aligned with either the capitalist First World (led by the USA) or the communist Second World (led by the USSR). These countries were typically newly independent, non-aligned, and often developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

19) Write a note on reforms of Ramalinga Adigal.

Ramalinga Adigal, also known as Vallalar, was a prominent 19th-century saint and social reformer in Tamil Nadu. His major contributions include:

• He founded the "Samarasa Suddha Sanmarga Satya Sangam" in 1865, advocating a casteless society.
• He established the "Satya Dharma Salai" in 1867 at Vadalur, a free food kitchen for all, irrespective of caste, to combat hunger.
• He condemned superstition, ritualism, and caste-based discrimination.

20) Write a short note on Decan plateau.

The Deccan Plateau is a large, triangular plateau in southern India. It covers most of the southern part of the country. It is bordered by the Western Ghats to the west and the Eastern Ghats to the east. The plateau is rich in minerals and is made up of volcanic basalt rocks, which form the black soil (regur soil) that is ideal for cotton cultivation.

21) Mention the plantation crops of India.

Plantation crops are grown on large estates for commercial purposes. The major plantation crops of India include:

• Tea
• Coffee
• Rubber
• Spices (like cardamom, pepper, cloves)

22) What is migration? State its types.

Migration is the movement of people from one place to another with the intention of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location.
Types of Migration:

• Internal Migration: Movement within a country (e.g., rural to urban).
• International Migration: Movement from one country to another.

23) What are the classical languages in India?

The Government of India has recognized six languages as "Classical Languages". They are:

1. Tamil (declared in 2004)
2. Sanskrit (declared in 2005)
3. Telugu (declared in 2008)
4. Kannada (declared in 2008)
5. Malayalam (declared in 2013)
6. Odia (declared in 2014)

24) How is president of India elected?

The President of India is elected indirectly by an electoral college. This electoral college consists of:

• Elected members of both houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha).
• Elected members of the Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabhas) of all states and the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry.

The election is held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote.

25) What is Per Capita income?

Per Capita Income (PCI) is the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the total National Income of a country by its total population.
Formula: Per Capita Income = National Income / Population.

26) Write some name of the nutrition programmes in TamilNadu.

Some key nutrition programmes in Tamil Nadu are:

• Puratchi Thalaivar M.G.R. Nutritious Meal Programme.
• Chief Minister's Comprehensive Health Insurance Scheme.
• Dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy Maternity Benefit Scheme.
• Amma Baby Care Kit Scheme.

27) List the factors affecting climate of India.

The factors affecting the climate of India are:

• Latitude
• Altitude (height above sea level)
• Distance from the Sea
• Monsoon Winds
• Relief Features (like the Himalayas and Western Ghats)
• Jet Streams

28) What is Equable Climate?

Equable climate, also known as maritime climate, is a climate that lacks extreme variations in temperature, both diurnally (between day and night) and annually (between summer and winter). This type of climate is typically found in coastal areas, where the moderating influence of the sea prevents temperatures from becoming too hot or too cold.

Part - III (10 × 5 = 50)

Answer any 10 questions. Question No.42 is compulsory.

32) Fill in the blanks

i) The secret state police in Nazi Germany was known as Gestapo.

ii) Oru paisa Tamilan was started by Iyothee Thass Pandithar.

iii) The longest dam in the world is Hirakud Dam (in Odisha, India).

iv) Coimbatore city is called as the Manchester of South India.

v) Governor of the state government surrender his resignation to the President.

33) a) Distinguish between:

i) Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats

Feature	Western Ghats	Eastern Ghats
Continuity	Continuous range, can be crossed only through passes.	Discontinuous and irregular, dissected by rivers.
Elevation	Higher, average elevation is 900-1600 meters.	Lower, average elevation is 600 meters.
Rivers	Origin of major peninsular rivers like Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri.	Rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna flow through them to the Bay of Bengal.
Rainfall	Receives heavy orographic rainfall from the Southwest Monsoon.	Receives comparatively lower rainfall.

ii) Agrobased industry and Mineral based industry

Feature	Agro-based Industry	Mineral-based Industry
Raw Material	Uses agricultural products as raw materials.	Uses minerals and ores as raw materials.
Examples	Cotton textile industry, sugar industry, jute industry, food processing.	Iron and steel industry, cement industry, aluminum industry.
Location Factor	Often located near the source of raw materials (farms).	Often located near mining areas or ports for importing ores.

33) b) Give Reason: Mountains are cooler than the plain.

Mountains are cooler than plains due to a phenomenon called the "normal lapse rate".

• Decrease in Air Density: As altitude increases, the air becomes less dense. Thinner air is not able to absorb and retain heat as effectively as the dense air at sea level.
• Lapse Rate: For every 1000 meters increase in altitude, the temperature decreases by approximately 6.5°C. This is because the Earth's surface is heated by the sun's radiation, and this heat then warms the atmosphere from below. Places at higher altitudes are further away from this main source of heat.
• Therefore, even if they receive the same amount of direct sunlight, the surrounding air in mountainous regions remains much cooler than in the plains.

41) Draw a timeline for the following: Write any five important events between 1900-1940.

Timeline of Important Events (1900-1940)

• 1905: Partition of Bengal - A major political event by Lord Curzon that triggered widespread protests and the Swadeshi Movement.
• 1914: Outbreak of World War I - The start of the Great War, which had significant political and economic consequences for India.
• 1920: Launch of Non-Cooperation Movement - Mahatma Gandhi launched this first mass-based political movement against British rule.
• 1930: Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) - A pivotal event in the Civil Disobedience Movement, where Gandhi marched to the sea to produce salt, defying the British salt tax.
• 1939: Outbreak of World War II - The beginning of the second global conflict, leading to the resignation of Congress ministries in India in protest of being included without consultation.

42) Mark the following places on the map of World.
1) England 2) Italy 3) Moscow 4) Hawai Island 5) Japan

Note for students: For this question, you would be provided with an outline map of the World. You need to accurately locate and label the following places:

• England: The largest country within the United Kingdom, an island in Northwestern Europe.
• Italy: A peninsula in Southern Europe, famous for its boot-like shape, extending into the Mediterranean Sea.
• Moscow: The capital city of Russia, located in the western part of the country.
• Hawaii Island: An archipelago of volcanic islands in the central Pacific Ocean, a state of the USA.
• Japan: An island country in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean.

Part - IV (2 × 8 = 16)

Answer the following questions.

43) a) Assess the structure and activities of UN. [or] b) Write about the distribution of Cotton textile industries in India.

b) Distribution of Cotton Textile Industries in India

The cotton textile industry is one of the oldest and most widespread industries in India. Initially, it was concentrated in the cotton-growing belts of Maharashtra and Gujarat, but has now become decentralized and spread across various states.

Key States and Centers:

• Maharashtra: Mumbai is known as the 'Manchester of India' and is the most important center. Other major centers include Sholapur, Pune, Kolhapur, and Nagpur. The state has favourable humid climate, proximity to ports for import/export, and a large market.
• Gujarat: Ahmedabad is called the 'Manchester of the East' or 'Boston of India'. It is the second-largest center after Mumbai. Other centers are Vadodara, Surat, and Rajkot. Proximity to cotton-growing areas and a strong entrepreneurial base are key factors.
• Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore is the most important center in the state, known as the 'Manchester of South India'. It specializes in spinning and yarn production. Other centers include Tirupur (the knitwear capital), Salem, Madurai, and Chennai.
• Uttar Pradesh: Kanpur is a major center in North India. Other important centers are Modinagar, Moradabad, and Agra. The industry here caters to the large population of the Gangetic plain.
• West Bengal: The industry is centered around Kolkata-Howrah. Proximity to the port, coal fields for power, and a large local market are advantages.
• Other States: The industry is also present in states like Karnataka (Bengaluru, Hubli), Madhya Pradesh (Indore, Gwalior), and Punjab (Ludhiana, Amritsar).

Factors for Decentralization: The decentralization of the cotton textile industry is due to factors like the development of hydroelectric power, a good transport network, and government policies promoting industrial dispersal to reduce regional imbalances.

44) Mark the following places on the given outline map of India.

Note for students: The specific places for this question are not listed on the paper and would typically be announced during the exam. However, here are some highly probable and important locations for a 10th Standard map of India:

• Delhi: The national capital.
• Mumbai: Capital of Maharashtra, a major port, and financial hub.
• Chennai: Capital of Tamil Nadu, a major port on the east coast.
• Kolkata: Capital of West Bengal, a major port on the River Hooghly.
• River Ganga: The major river of the North Indian Plain.
• Himalayas: The mountain range in the north of India.
• Western Ghats: The mountain range along the west coast.
• Deccan Plateau: The large plateau in southern India.

10th Social Science Quarterly Exam 2024 Original Question Paper - Tamil Medium

காலாண்டுத் தேர்வு – 2024

10 - ஆம் வகுப்பு - சமூக அறிவியல்

காலம் : 3.00 மணி மதிப்பெண்கள் : 100

பிரிவு - I

சரியான விடையை தேர்ந்தெடுக்கவும். (14 X 1 = 14)

1. பத்தொன்பதாம் நூற்றாண்டு முடிவடையுந் தருவாயில் கிழக்கு ஆசியாவில் உதயமான வலிமை வாய்ந்த நாடு எது?
   • அ) சீனா
   • ஆ) ஜப்பான்
   • இ) கொரியா
   • ஈ) மங்கோலியா
2. அமெரிக்கா தனது முதல் அணுகுண்டை எங்கே வீசியது?
   • அ) கவாசாகி
   • ஆ) இன்னோசிமா
   • இ) ஹிரோஷிமா
   • ஈ) நாகசாகி
3. அமெரிக்க ஐக்கிய நாடும் அதன் ஐரோப்பிய நேச நாடுகளும் சேர்ந்து சோவியத் நாட்டின் ஆக்கிரமிப்பைத் தவிர்க்க ஏற்படுத்திய அமைப்பின் பெயர் _____ ஆகும்.
   • அ) சீட்டோ
   • ஆ) நேட்டோ
   • இ) சென்டோ
   • ஈ) வார்சா ஒப்பந்தம்
4. எந்த ஆண்டில் உடன் கட்டை ஏறுதல் (சதி) ஒழிக்கப்பட்டது?
   • அ) 1827
   • ஆ) 1829
   • இ) 1826
   • ஈ) 1927
5. 'ராஸ்ட் கோப்தார்' யாருடைய முழக்கம்?
   • அ) பார்சி இயக்கம்
   • ஆ) அலிகார் இயக்கம்
   • இ) இராமகிருஷ்ணர்
   • ஈ) திராவிட மகாஜன சபை
6. பாக் நீர்சந்தி மற்றும் மன்னார் வளைகுடா _____ ஐ இந்தியாவிடமிருந்து பிரிக்கிறது.
   • அ) கோவா
   • ஆ) மேற்கு வங்காளம்
   • இ) இலங்கை
   • ஈ) மாலத்தீவு
7. ஒரே அளவு மழைபெறும் இடங்களை இணைக்கும் கோடு _____ ஆகும்.
   • அ) சமவெப்ப கோடுகள்
   • ஆ) சம மழைக்கோடுகள்
   • இ) சம அழுத்தக் கோடுகள்
   • ஈ) அட்சக் கோடுகள்
8. யுனெஸ்கோவின் (UNESCO) உயிர்க்கோளப் பாதுகாப்பு பெட்டகத்தின் ஒரு அங்கமாக இல்லாதது _____.
   • அ) நீலகிரி
   • ஆ) அகத்திய மலை
   • இ) பெரிய நிக்கோபார்
   • ஈ) கட்ச்
9. இந்தியாவில் தங்க இழைப்பயிர் என அழைக்கப்படுவது _____.
   • அ) பருத்தி
   • ஆ) கோதுமை
   • இ) சணல்
   • ஈ) புகையிலை
10. தென்னிந்தியாவின் மான்செஸ்டர் என்று அழைக்கப்படும் நகரம் _____.
    • அ) சேலம்
    • ஆ) சென்னை
    • இ) மதுரை
    • ஈ) கோயம்புத்தூர்
11. சரியான கூற்றினை தேர்ந்தெடுக்கவும்.
    i) மாநிலங்களவையின் மொத்த உறுப்பினர்களின் எண்ணிக்கை 250.
    ii) இலக்கியம் அறிவியல், கலை, சமூக சேவை ஆகிய துறைகளில் சிறந்த அறிவு மற்றும் அனுபவம் பெற்ற 12 நபர்களை மாநிலங்களவைக்கு குடியரசுத் தலைவர் நியமிக்கிறார்.
    iii) மாநிலங்களவை உறுப்பினராவதற்கு 30 வயதுக்குக் குறைவாக இருத்தல் கூடாது.
    iv) மாநிலங்களவை உறுப்பினர்கள் நேரடியாக மக்களால் தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்படுகின்றனர்.
    • அ) ii,iv சரியானவை
    • ஆ) iii, iv சரியானவை
    • இ) i, iv சரியானவை
    • ஈ) i, ii, iii சரியானவை
12. கீழ்க்காணும் மாநிலங்களில் எந்த ஒன்று ஈரவை சட்டமன்றத்தைப் பெற்றிருக்கவில்லை?
    • அ) ஆந்திரப் பிரதேசம்
    • ஆ) தெலுங்கானா
    • இ) தமிழ்நாடு
    • ஈ) உத்திரப் பிரதேசம்
13. 1632 இல் ஆங்கிலேயர்களுக்கு 'கோல்டன் ஃபயர்மான்" வழங்கியவர் யார்?
    • அ) ஜஹாங்கீர்
    • ஆ) கோல்கொண்டா சுல்தான்
    • இ) அக்பர்
    • ஈ) ஔரங்கசீப்
14. உலகளாவிய பொது வழங்கல் முறையை ஏற்றுக்கொண்ட ஒரே மாநிலம் _____.
    • அ) கேரளா
    • ஆ) ஆந்திர பிரதேசம்
    • இ) தமிழ்நாடு
    • ஈ) கர்நாடகா

பிரிவு - II

எவையேனும் பத்து வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்கவும். (10 X 2 = 20)
வினா எண். 28க்கு கட்டாயமாக விடையளிக்கவும்.

15. சீன - ஜப்பானியப் போரின் முக்கியத்துவத்தை நீ எவ்வாறு மதிப்பீடு செய்வாய்?
16. “டாலர் ஏகாதிபத்தியம்" - தெளிவுபட விளக்குக.
17. முதல் உலகப்போருக்குப் பிந்தைய உலகத்தின் மூன்று முக்கிய சர்வாதிகாரிகள் யாவர்?
18. மாவோவின் நீண்ட பயணம் பற்றிக் குறிப்பு வரைக.
19. பிரம்ம சமாஜத்தால் ஒழிக்கப்பட்ட சமூகத் தீமைகள் யாவை?
20. இந்தியாவின் மேற்கு நோக்கி பாயும் ஆறுகளைப் பற்றி கூறுக.
21. இந்தியாவின் நான்கு பருவக் காலங்களைக் குறிப்பிடுக.
22. கரிசல் மண்ணின் ஏதேனும் இரண்டு பண்புகளை எழுதுக.
23. வளத்தை வரையறுத்து அதன் வகைகளை குறிப்பிடுக.
24. தகவல் தொடர்பு என்றால் என்ன? அதன் வகைகள் யாவை?
25. இந்தியக் குடியரசுத் தலைவர் எவ்வாறு தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்படுகிறார்?
26. ஆளுநராக நியமிக்கப்படுவதற்கான தகுதிகள் யாவை?
27. உலகமயமாக்கலின் நேர்மறையான தாக்கங்கள் இரண்டினை எழுதுக.
28. தமிழ்நாட்டிலுள்ள சில ஊட்டச்சத்து திட்டங்களின் பெயரை எழுதுக.

பிரிவு - III

எவையேனும் பத்து வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்கவும். (10 X 5 = 50)
வினா எண். 42க்கு கட்டாயமாக விடையளிக்கவும்.

29. கோடிட்ட இடங்களை நிரப்புக.
    1) நாசிச ஜெர்மனியின் ரகசிய காவல் படை _____ என அழைக்கப்பட்டது.
    2) நவீன சீனாவின் தந்தை என்று அழைக்கப்படுபவர் _____ ஆவார்.
    3) தேசிய தொலையுணர்வு மையம் அமைந்துள்ள இடம் _____ .
    4) அரசியல் நிர்ணய சபையின் தற்காலிக தலைவராக _____ தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்டார்.
    5) இந்தியாவில் _____ துறை முதன்மை துறையாகும்.
30. பன்னாட்டுச் சங்கத்தின் பணிகளை மதிப்பிடுக.
31. இரண்டாம் உலகப்போரின் விளைவுகளை ஆய்வு செய்க.
32. 19-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டில் சீர்திருத்த இயக்கங்கள் நடைபெறுவதற்கு இட்டுச் சென்ற சூழ்நிலைகளை விவாதிக்கவும்.
33. அ) வேறுபடுத்துக. i) வானிலை மற்றும் காலநிலை ii) உள்நாட்டு வணிகம் மற்றும் பன்னாட்டு வணிகம்.
    ஆ) காரணம் கூறுக. வேளாண்மை இந்தியாவின் முதுகெலும்பு.
34. தீபகற்ப ஆறுகளைப் பற்றி விவரி.
35. இந்திய மண் வகைகள் ஏதேனும் ஐந்தினைக் குறிப்பிட்டு, மண்ணின் பண்புகள் மற்றும் பரவல் பற்றி விவரி.
36. இந்தியத் தொழிலகங்கள் எதிர்கொள்ளும் முக்கிய சவால்கள் பற்றி எழுதுக.
37. இந்திய அரசியலமைப்பின் சிறப்புக் கூறுகளை விளக்குக.
38. இந்திய பிரதம அமைச்சரின் பணிகள் மற்றும் கடமைகள் யாவை?
39. நாட்டு வருமானத்தை கணக்கிடுவதற்கு தொடர்புடைய பல்வேறு கருத்துகளை விவரி.
40. பொது விநியோக முறையை விவரிக்கவும்.
41. 1910 முதல் 1940 வரையிலான முக்கிய ஐந்து உலக நிகழ்வுகளை காலக்கோட்டில் எழுதுக.
42. உலக வரைபடத்தில் பின்வரும் இடங்களை குறிக்கவும்.
    1. ஜெர்மனி
    2. இத்தாலி
    3. ஜப்பான்
    4. சான்பிரான்சிஸ்கோ
    5. சீனா

பிரிவு - IV

பின்வரும் வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்கவும். (2 X 8 = 16)

43. அ) ஜெர்மனியில் ஹிட்லரின் எழுச்சிக்கு இட்டுச்சென்ற சூழ்நிலைகளைக் கண்டறியவும்.
    (அல்லது)
    ஆ) பெண்களின் மேம்பாட்டிற்கு 19-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு சீர்திருத்தவாதிகள் ஆற்றிய பணிகள் குறித்து ஒரு கட்டுரை வரைக.
44. அ) கொடுக்கப்பட்டுள்ள இந்திய வரைபடத்தில் கீழ்க்கண்ட இடங்களை குறிக்கவும்.
    1. தார் பாலைவனம்
    2. தக்காண பீடபூமி
    3. மலைக் காடுகள்
    4. தென்மேற்கு பருவக்காற்று வீசும் திசை
    5. பருத்தி விளையும் பகுதி
    6. அந்தமான் மற்றும் நிக்கோபார் தீவுகள்
    7. ஏதேனும் ஒரு சர்வதேச விமான நிலையம்
    8. ரான் ஆப் கட்ச்
    (அல்லது)
    1. K₂
    2. மாளவ பீடபூமி
    3. மேற்குத் தொடர்ச்சி மலைகள்
    4. பாக் நீரிணைப்பு
    5. வண்டல் மண்
    6. காவிரி ஆறு
    7. ஏதேனும் இரும்புத் தாது கிடைக்கும் இடம்
    8. பாரதீப்

10th Social Science Quarterly Exam 2024 - Original Question Paper with Solutions | Tirupattur District

10th Social Science Quarterly Exam 2024-25 | Tirupattur District

Solutions & Answer Key

PART - I (14x1=14)

Choose the correct Answer.

1. What were the three major empires shattered by the end of First World War?

• a) Germany, Austria Hungary, and the Ottomans
• b) Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia
• c) Spain, Portugal and Italy
• d) Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Show Answer

Correct Answer: a) Germany, Austria Hungary, and the Ottomans

Explanation: The First World War led to the collapse of four major empires: the German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian Empires. The options provided in 'a' list three of these.

2. Which part of the world disliked dollar imperialism?

• a) Europe
• b) Latin America
• c) India
• d) China

Show Answer

Correct Answer: b) Latin America

Explanation: Latin American countries particularly resented the economic dominance and political interference of the United States, which was termed "dollar imperialism."

3. Where did the US drop its first atomic bomb?

• a) Kavashaki
• b) Innoshima
• c) Hiroshima
• d) Nagasaki

Show Answer

Correct Answer: c) Hiroshima

Explanation: The United States dropped the first atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. The second was dropped on Nagasaki three days later.

4. When was the Warsaw Pact dissolved?

• a) 1979
• b) 1989
• c) 1990
• d) 1991

Show Answer

Correct Answer: d) 1991

Explanation: The Warsaw Pact, a collective defense treaty among the Soviet Union and its satellite states, was formally dissolved on July 1, 1991.

5. Who was the author of the book Satyarthaprakash?

• a) Dayananda Saraswathi
• b) Iyothee Thassar
• c) Annie Besant
• d) Guru N

Show Answer

Correct Answer: a) Dayananda Saraswathi

Explanation: Satyarthaprakash ("The Light of Truth") is a seminal work by Swami Dayananda Saraswathi, the founder of the Arya Samaj.

6. Pulicat Lake is located between the states of

• a) West Bengal and Odisha
• b) Karnataka and Kerala
• c) Odisha and Andhra Pradesh
• d) Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

Show Answer

Correct Answer: d) Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

Explanation: Pulicat Lake, India's second-largest brackish water lagoon, straddles the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

7. Western disturbances causes rainfall in

• a) Tamil Nadu
• b) Kerala
• c) Punjab
• d) Madhya Pradesh

Show Answer

Correct Answer: c) Punjab

Explanation: Western disturbances are extra-tropical storms originating in the Mediterranean region that bring sudden winter rain to the north-western parts of the Indian subcontinent, including Punjab.

8. Which crop is called as "Golden Fibre" in India?

• a) Cotton
• b) Wheat
• c) Jute
• d) Tobacco

Show Answer

Correct Answer: c) Jute

Explanation: Jute is known as the "Golden Fibre" due to its shiny golden color and its economic importance.

9. The most abundant source of energy is

• a) Bio mass
• b) Sun
• c) Coal
• d) Oil

Show Answer

Correct Answer: b) Sun

Explanation: The Sun is the ultimate source of almost all energy on Earth and is considered the most abundant, inexhaustible source of energy.

10. The major import item of India is?

• a) Cement
• b) Jewels
• c) Tea
• d) Petroleum

Show Answer

Correct Answer: d) Petroleum

Explanation: Crude petroleum and petroleum products constitute the largest share of India's import bill due to high domestic demand and limited production.

11. Which one of the following rights was described by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the heart and soul of the Constitution?

• a) Right to freedom of religion
• b) Right to equality
• c) Right to Constitutional remedies
• d) Right to property

Show Answer

Correct Answer: c) Right to Constitutional remedies

Explanation: Dr. Ambedkar considered Article 32, the Right to Constitutional Remedies, as the "heart and soul" because it empowers citizens to move the Supreme Court to enforce their fundamental rights, making the other rights meaningful.

12. What is minimum age laid down for a candidate to seek election to the Lok Sabha?

• a) 18 years
• b) 21 years
• c) 25 years
• d) 30 years

Show Answer

Correct Answer: c) 25 years

Explanation: To be a member of the Lok Sabha (House of the People), a person must be a citizen of India and not less than 25 years of age.

13. Who is the head of the World Trade Organisation (WTO)?

• a) Ministerial conference
• b) Director General
• c) Deputy Director General
• d) None of these

Show Answer

Correct Answer: b) Director General

Explanation: While the Ministerial Conference is the highest decision-making body, the organization is headed by a Director-General who is responsible for supervising the administrative functions.

14. .......... is the only state in India to adopt universal PDS.

• a) Kerala
• b) Andhra Pradesh
• c) Tamil Nadu
• d) Karnataka

Show Answer

Correct Answer: c) Tamil Nadu

Explanation: Tamil Nadu has a long history of implementing a Universal Public Distribution System (PDS), which provides essential commodities to all ration card holders without targeting specific income groups.

PART - II (10x2=20)

Note: Answer any ten questions. (Question No 28 is compulsory)

15. Name the countries in the Triple Entente.

Show Answer

The countries in the Triple Entente were Britain (United Kingdom), France, and Russia.

16. What was the result of Mussolini's march on Rome?

Show Answer

The result of Mussolini's March on Rome in 1922 was that King Victor Emmanuel III, fearing a civil war, refused to use the army against the Fascists. Instead, he invited Mussolini to form a government, and Mussolini became the Prime Minister of Italy.

17. Name the Bretton Woods Twins.

Show Answer

The "Bretton Woods Twins" are the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (originally the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development - IBRD).

18. What was Marshall Plan?

Show Answer

The Marshall Plan, officially the European Recovery Program, was an American initiative to provide economic aid to Western European countries after World War II. Its goals were to rebuild war-torn regions, remove trade barriers, modernize industry, and prevent the spread of communism.

19. Write a note on reforms of Ramalinga Adigal.

Show Answer

Ramalinga Adigal's reforms focused on universal love and brotherhood. He condemned the caste system and religious divisions. He founded the "Samarasa Suddha Sanmarga Satya Sangam" in 1865. His concept of 'Jeeva Karunya' (compassion towards all living beings) led him to establish a free feeding house, the "Sathya Dharma Salai," in Vadalur for everyone, irrespective of caste.

20. Name the neighbouring countries of India

Show Answer

India's neighbouring countries are:
Land Borders: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.
Sea Borders: Sri Lanka and Maldives.

21. List the factors affecting climate of India

Show Answer

The factors affecting the climate of India are:
1. Latitude
2. Altitude
3. Distance from the Sea
4. Monsoon Winds
5. Relief Features
6. Jet Streams

22. State any two characteristics of black cotton soil.

Show Answer

Two characteristics of black cotton soil are:
1. It has high clay content, which gives it high moisture retention capacity.
2. It is sticky when wet and develops deep cracks when dry, which helps in soil aeration (a phenomenon called self-ploughing).

23. State the uses of magnesium.

Show Answer

The uses of magnesium include:
1. It is used to make lightweight alloys, especially with aluminium, for aircraft and automobile parts.
2. It is used in pyrotechnics, flares, and incendiary bombs due to its bright burning property.

24. Define "International trade".

Show Answer

International trade is the exchange of goods, services, and capital across international borders or territories. It allows countries to expand their markets and access goods and services that may not be available domestically.

25. What are the classical languages in India?

Show Answer

There are six languages in India that have been designated as Classical Languages:
1. Tamil (2004)
2. Sanskrit (2005)
3. Telugu (2008)
4. Kannada (2008)
5. Malayalam (2013)
6. Odia (2014)

26. Write short note: Money Bill

Show Answer

A Money Bill is a bill that deals with financial matters such as taxation, government borrowing, and expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India. It can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha with the President's prior recommendation. The Rajya Sabha can only suggest amendments but cannot reject or amend it; it must return the bill within 14 days.

27. What is per capita income?

Show Answer

Per capita income is the average income earned per person in a country or a region over a specific period, usually a year. It is calculated by dividing the country's total national income (or GDP) by its total population.

28. Define food security according to FAO

Show Answer

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), "Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life."

PART - III (10x5=50)

Note: Answer any ten questions. (Question No. 42 is compulsory)

29. Fill in the Blanks :

Show Answer

• i) Locarno Treaty was signed in the year 1925.
• ii) The alliance between Italy, Germany and Japan is known as the Axis Powers.
• iii) In India the first census was carried out in the year 1872 (the first synchronous census was in 1881).
• iv) The Vice President of India is the Ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.
• v) Agriculture (or related activities) is the primary sector in India.

30 to 42: Detailed solutions for these long-answer questions would be extensive. Key points for each are provided below for reference.

Click to see key points for Long Answers

30. Estimate the work done by the League of Nations.
Successes: Settled disputes between smaller nations (e.g., Aaland Islands, Upper Silesia). Did significant humanitarian work through agencies like the Health Organisation and ILO.
Failures: Failed to enforce its decisions on major powers. Could not stop Japanese aggression in Manchuria, Italian invasion of Ethiopia, or German rearmament, ultimately failing to prevent WWII.

31. Analyse the effects of the World War II.
Huge loss of life and property. End of colonialism. Division of Germany. Formation of the United Nations (UN). Emergence of USA and USSR as superpowers, leading to the Cold War. Bipolar world order and ideological conflict between capitalism and communism.

32. (a) Distinguish between :
i) Western Coastal Plains and Eastern Coastal Plains:
Western: Narrow, located between Western Ghats and Arabian Sea, has estuaries, receives more rainfall from SW monsoon, ports like Mumbai, Kandla.
Eastern: Broader, located between Eastern Ghats and Bay of Bengal, has fertile deltas (Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri), receives rainfall from both SW and NE monsoons, ports like Chennai, Visakhapatnam.
ii) Metallic and non-metallic minerals:
Metallic: Contain metal in raw form, have lustre, are malleable and ductile, good conductors of heat/electricity (e.g., Iron ore, Copper, Gold).
Non-metallic: Do not contain metals, lack lustre, are brittle, poor conductors (e.g., Limestone, Mica, Gypsum).

32. (b) Give Reasons for the following: Agriculture is the backbone of India
Provides livelihood for over 50% of the population. Ensures food security for the nation. Supplies raw materials for major industries (textile, sugar). Contributes significantly to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Earns foreign exchange through exports of agricultural products.

33. Estimate the role of Mao Tse tung in making China a communist country.
Led the Long March to preserve communist forces. Led the Communist Party of China (CPC) to victory against the Nationalists (Kuomintang) in the Chinese Civil War. Established the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. Implemented land reforms and collectivization. Launched campaigns like the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution to transform China's society and economy along communist lines.

34. Explain the divisions of Northern Mountains and its importance to India.
Divisions: 1. The Trans-Himalayas. 2. The Himalayas (Himadri, Himachal, Siwaliks). 3. The Purvanchal Hills (Eastern Hills).
Importance: Act as a natural barrier against foreign invasions and cold winds from Central Asia. Source of perennial rivers like Ganga and Brahmaputra. Rich in biodiversity and forest wealth. Promote tourism and pilgrimage. Influence the climate, especially the monsoon.

35. Write about South West Monsoon.
Originates due to intense low pressure over the Tibetan plateau. Blows from the sea to the land from June to September. Splits into two branches: the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch. The Arabian Sea branch causes heavy rain on the Western Ghats. The Bay of Bengal branch strikes Myanmar and is deflected towards North India. It accounts for over 75% of India's annual rainfall.

36. Write about the distribution of cotton textile industries in India.
Concentrated in cotton-growing states. Maharashtra: Mumbai is the "Cottonopolis of India." Gujarat: Ahmedabad is the "Manchester of India." Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore is the "Manchester of South India." Other major centers are in Uttar Pradesh (Kanpur), West Bengal, and Madhya Pradesh. Factors for concentration include raw material availability, humid climate, market, transport, and skilled labor.

37. What are the powers and functions of the Chief Minister?
Head of the State Council of Ministers. Allocates portfolios to ministers. Presides over Cabinet meetings. Principal advisor to the Governor. Communicates all decisions of the Council of Ministers to the Governor. Can advise the Governor to dissolve the Legislative Assembly.

38. Explain the salient features of the Constitution of India.
Lengthiest written constitution in the world. Drawn from various sources. A blend of rigidity and flexibility. Federal system with a strong unitary bias. Parliamentary form of government. Independent judiciary. Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and Fundamental Duties. Universal Adult Franchise. Secular state.

39. Write the challenges of Globalization.
Loss of domestic industries due to intense foreign competition. Job losses in some sectors (outsourcing). Increased income inequality between skilled and unskilled labor. Potential for economic instability due to global financial crises. Environmental degradation due to increased industrial activity. Erosion of national sovereignty.

40. What are the methods of calculating Gross Domestic Product? and explain it.
1. Expenditure Method: GDP = C + I + G + (X-M), where C=Consumption, I=Investment, G=Government Spending, X=Exports, M=Imports. It sums up all spending on final goods and services.
2. Income Method: Sums up all income earned by factors of production: Wages + Rent + Interest + Profit.
3. Value Added (or Product) Method: Sums the value added at each stage of production across all sectors (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary). It is calculated as Gross Value of Output minus the value of Intermediate Consumption.

41. (Timeline) / 42. (World Map) are practical exercises.
For Q41, key events between 1920-1950 are: Non-Cooperation Movement (1920), Dandi March (1930), Govt. of India Act (1935), Quit India Movement (1942), Indian Independence (1947), India becomes Republic (1950). For Q42, locations are Japan, Moscow, Hawaii, Italy, Turkey.

PART - IV (2x8=16)

Note: Answer the following questions. (Map questions require practical marking on a map).

43. (a) Discuss the main causes of the First World War.
OR
(b) State any five types of soil in India and explain the characteristics and distribution of soil.

Show Answer Key Points

(a) Causes of WWI:
1. Militarism: Arms race, build-up of armies and navies (e.g., Anglo-German naval race).
2. Alliances: The Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy) vs. The Triple Entente (Britain, France, Russia) created a rigid, two-bloc system.
3. Imperialism: Competition for colonies and resources led to conflicts (e.g., Moroccan crises).
4. Nationalism: Aggressive patriotism and desire for self-determination among ethnic groups (e.g., in the Balkans, the "powder keg of Europe").
5. Immediate Cause: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist on June 28, 1914.

(b) Five Types of Soil in India:
1. Alluvial Soil: Distribution - Northern Plains, river valleys. Characteristics - Formed by river deposits, very fertile, rich in potash, poor in phosphorous.
2. Black Soil: Distribution - Deccan Plateau (Maharashtra, Gujarat). Characteristics - Clayey, high moisture retention, ideal for cotton, rich in lime and iron.
3. Red and Yellow Soil: Distribution - Eastern and Southern parts of Deccan plateau. Characteristics - Develops on crystalline igneous rocks, reddish due to iron content, less fertile.
4. Laterite Soil: Distribution - Areas with high temperature and rainfall (Western Ghats). Characteristics - Formed by intense leaching, acidic, poor in nutrients, suitable for plantation crops.
5. Arid/Desert Soil: Distribution - Western Rajasthan. Characteristics - Sandy, saline, low in humus and moisture, requires irrigation for cultivation.

44. (a) Mark the following places on the given outline Map of India...
OR
(b) Mark the following places on the given outline Map of India...

Show Location Guide for Map Marking

(a) Map Locations:
1. Western Ghats: Mountain range running parallel to the western coast of India.
2. River Ganga: Originates in the Himalayas (Uttarakhand) and flows east through the Gangetic Plain into Bangladesh.
3. Deccan Plateaus: Large triangular plateau in southern India, south of the Narmada river.
4. Thar Desert: Large arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent (mainly in Rajasthan).
5. Direction of North East Monsoon wind: Arrows pointing from the northeast towards the southwest, primarily over the Bay of Bengal and affecting the Coromandel coast.
6. Tea growing area: Mark the state of Assam or the Darjeeling region in West Bengal.
7. Tuticorin: A major port city in southern Tamil Nadu.
8. Everest: The world's highest peak, located in the Himalayas on the border of Nepal and China (Tibet).

(b) Map Locations (OR):
1. Black Soil: Shade the region of the Deccan Trap, covering large parts of Maharashtra, and parts of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh.
2. Gulf of Mannar: The large shallow bay between the southeastern tip of India and the west coast of Sri Lanka.
3. Mettur Dam: On the Cauvery River in the Salem district of Tamil Nadu.
4. Agasthiyamalai biosphere reserve: At the southern end of the Western Ghats, in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
5. Cauvery Delta: The fertile delta region in eastern Tamil Nadu where the Cauvery river drains into the Bay of Bengal.
6. Iron ore production centres: Mark any one major center like Bellary (Karnataka), Singhbhum (Jharkhand), or Bailadila (Chhattisgarh).
7. Palk Strait: The strait between the Tamil Nadu state of India and the Jaffna District of Sri Lanka.
8. State of highest literacy in India: Mark the entire state of Kerala.