Social Sciences (73) Paper-I Solution
Subject: History and Political Science | Set: N 661 | Year: 2024
HISTORY
(1) The ________ saw the rise of Mathura School.
(2) Bhilar near Mahabaleshwar is known as the ‘Village of ______.’
(3) According to ______, “human history is the history of class struggle.”
Set 1:
Wrong Pair: Ramman – Dance form in West Bengal
(Corrected: Ramman – Religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas).
Set 2:
Wrong Pair: Dashavatara – Tyagraj
(Corrected: Dashavatara – Folk theatre of Konkan).
Set 3:
Wrong Pair: James Mill – Feminist Historian
(Corrected: James Mill – Imperialist Historian).
(Solutions for all three are provided below for reference)
(1) Complete the concept map: Types of Tourism
(Other valid answers: Sports Tourism, International Tourism)
(2) Complete the timeline: World Natural Heritage Sites in India
| AD Year / Site | Answer |
|---|---|
| Year (for Kaziranga) | 1985 |
| Site (for 1987) | Sundarbans National Park |
| Year (for Western Ghats) | 2012 |
| Site (for 2014) | Great Himalayan National Park |
(3) Complete the following table: Lalit vs Bharud
| Point | Lalit | Bharud |
|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | A form of folk theatre performed during festivals in Goa and Konkan. | Metaphorical songs with spiritual and moral lessons, often satirizing bad habits. |
| Example | Lalit of Goa or Konkan. | Bharuds composed by Saint Eknath. |
(Solutions for all three are provided below)
(1) Sthalakosh:
(2) Orientalist Historiography:
(3) The role of newspapers in the Indian struggle for independence:
- They criticized government policies and awakened the masses (e.g., 'Kesari' and 'Maratha' by Tilak and Agarkar).
- They spread the ideas of freedom and nationalism to the common people.
- They discussed social issues like widow remarriage and caste system (e.g., 'Darpan' by Balshastri Jambhekar).
- They acted as a mouthpiece for national leaders to communicate with the public.
(Solutions for all four are provided below)
(1) Foucault called his method, ‘the archaeology of knowledge.’
(2) It is necessary to preserve the tradition like Chitrakathi, which is on the verge of extinction.
(3) Toys can tell us about history.
- They throw light on the history and technological development of that period.
- They reveal religious and cultural traditions (e.g., clay models of forts made during Diwali in Maharashtra).
- They indicate trade relations between countries (e.g., an ivory doll found at Pompeii revealed trade between India and Rome).
- They provide information about the games and lifestyle of people in the past.
(4) The list of World Heritage Sites is announced by UNESCO.
(1) Who is called the ‘Wizard of Hockey’?
Ans: Major Dhyan Chand is called the ‘Wizard of Hockey’.
(2) In India, Major Dhyan Chand’s birthday is celebrated as?
Ans: His birthday (29th August) is celebrated as National Sports Day.
(3) Write in short about the contribution of Major Dhyan Chand in Olympics.
Ans: Major Dhyan Chand was a pivotal player and captain of the Indian hockey team. He was part of the teams that won Gold Medals in the 1928 and 1932 Olympics. In the 1936 Berlin Olympics, he captained the team to a Gold Medal victory.
(Solutions for all four are provided below)
(1) What is feminist historiography?
- It challenges the male-dominated perspective of history.
- It was significantly influenced by the writings of Simone de Beauvoir.
- It focuses on various aspects of women's lives such as their employment, role in trade unions, family life, and institutions working for them.
- In India, scholars like Tarabai Shinde and Pandita Ramabai contributed to this by writing about the hardships faced by women.
(2) Why is library management important?
- Preservation: It ensures that books, manuscripts, and historical sources are preserved properly and protected from damage.
- Organization: It involves systematic cataloging and indexing, making it easy for readers to find the information they need.
- Dissemination: It helps in the effective spread of knowledge to society.
- Digitization: Modern management includes digitizing old texts to preserve them for the future.
(3) What kind of professional opportunities are available in the field of arts?
- Art History & Research: Opportunities in journalism (art criticism), teaching, and heritage management.
- Museums and Archives: Jobs as curators, archivists, and conservators.
- Applied Arts: Careers in graphic design, commercial art, interior design, photography, and art direction for films and television.
- Performing Arts: Opportunities for actors, directors, scriptwriters, and technicians in theatre and cinema.
(4) Write about the Dashavatara theatre.
- Origin: Dashavatara is a traditional folk theatre form of the Konkan region.
- Theme: It depicts the ten incarnations (Avatars) of Lord Vishnu, such as Matsya, Kurma, Rama, etc.
- Performance: The play usually begins with the 'Sutradhara' invoking Lord Ganesha. The characters use wooden masks, and the makeup is traditional and vibrant.
- Significance: It serves as a medium of entertainment and moral education for the rural masses.
- Influence: Vishnudas Bhave, the pioneer of Marathi theatre, was inspired by the Dashavatara tradition.
POLITICAL SCIENCE
(1) 73rd and 74th Amendment to the Indian constitution gave a constitutional status to ______ .
(2) The major challenge faced by all democratic nations in the world is ________ .
(Solutions for all three are provided below)
(1) Under special circumstances the Election Commission holds elections in a particular constituency for a second time.
Reason: The Election Commission is responsible for conducting free and fair elections. If there are instances of booth capturing, large-scale malpractice, or if a candidate dies during the election process in a constituency, the Election Commission cancels the election there and holds it again (by-election) to ensure democratic integrity.
(2) Coalition politics leads to instability.
Reason: While it was initially believed that coalition governments are unstable, the Indian political experience (especially since 1989) has proved otherwise. Political parties have learned to form coalitions based on a 'Common Minimum Programme'. This has led to stable governments at the center, completing their full terms (e.g., NDA and UPA governments).
(3) Consumer movement came into existence.
Reason: Consumers often faced issues like adulteration, incorrect weights and measures, and overpriced goods. To protect consumers from such frauds and to ensure their rights to safety and information, the consumer movement emerged. This led to the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act in 1986.
(Solutions for both are provided below)
(1) Criminalisation of politics:
(2) Rights based approach:
(Solutions for both are provided below)
(1) Complete the concept map: Process of Elections
- Establishment of Constituencies
- Finalising Voter's List
- Nomination of candidates and scrutiny of their nomination forms
- Election Campaign
- Actual voting
- Counting of Votes
- Results of elections
- Resolution of disputes regarding elections
(2) Complete the concept map: Challenges before Indian democracy
(Other valid answers: Social Challenges, Regionalism)
(Solutions for both are provided below)
(1) What is meant by establishment of social justice?
(2) What is meant by midterm elections?