10th Science Important Questions & Study Material [2026]

10th Science Important Questions

Comprehensive Study Material for Exam Preparation

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Uses

• 1.Uses of radioactivity in Agriculture, Medicine, Industries and Archaeological research.
• 2.Uses of a Nuclear reactor.
• 3.Uses of Aluminum, Copper, Iron, Ethanol, Ethanoic acid, Solar cells, Biogas, Simple microscope and Control rods.

Applications

• 1.Applications of Convex lenses and Concave lenses.
• 2.Applications of Echo.
• 3.Applications of Torque.
• 4.Applications of Newton's law of gravitation.
• 5.Applications of Heating effect.
• 6.Applications of Reflection of sound.
• 7.Applications of Doppler Effect.
• 8.Applications of Avogadro's law.
• 9.Applications of DNA fingerprinting.

Role

• 1.Role of fuse.
• 2.Role of PH in daily life. (rainwater, tooth decay and digestive system and agriculture)

Importance

• 1.Importance of Transpiration.
• 2.Importance of Fossil.
• 3.Importance of Ethnobotany.
• 4.Importance of Forest.
• 5.Importance of Pollination.

Difference Between

• 1.Mass and Weight.
• 2.Balanced force and unbalanced force.
• 3.Convex lens and concave lens.
• 4.Myopia and Hypermetropia.
• 5.Linear, Superficial and Cubical expansion.
• 6.Real gas and Ideal gas.
• 7.Series circuit and Parallel circuit.
• 8.Sound and Light.
• 9.Natural radioactivity and Artificial radioactivity.
• 10.Controlled chain reaction and Uncontrolled chain reaction.
• 11.Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion.
• 12.Atoms and Molecules.
• 13.Combination reaction and Decomposition reaction.
• 14.Soaps and Detergents.
• 15.Reversible reaction and Irreversible reaction.
• 16.Dicot root and Monocot root.
• 17.Dicot stem and Monocot stem.
• 18.Dicot leaf and Monocot leaf.
• 19.Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration.
• 20.Artery and Veins.
• 21.Inbreeding and Out breeding.
• 22.Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• 23.Hygroscopic and deliquescence substances.
• 24.Endocrine and Exocrine glands.
• 25.Continous variation and Discontinuous variation.

Advantages and Disadvantages

• 1.Advantages of Telescope, LED television.
• 2.Advantages of Detergents over soaps.
• 3.Self pollination and Cross pollination.
• 4.Advantages of Solar energy, Wind energy, Biogas, Tidal energy.
• 5.Advantages of Detergents.

Significance

• 1.Significance of Fertilization, DNA.

Functions

• 1.Fuse wire or MCB, Epidermis, Chloroplast, Mitochondria, Blood, Lymph, Myelin sheath, CNS, Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Pons, Medulla oblongata, Spinal cord, CSF, Thyroid hormone, Parathormone, Insulin, Glucagon, Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids, Adrenal medullary hormones, Testosterone, Estrogens, Progesterone, Thymosin.
• 2.Over view of Brain functions.

Aims / Achievements / Objectives

• 1.Aims of Crop improvement.
• 2.Achievements of Polyploidy breeding, Mutation breeding.
• 3.Objectives of Animal breeding.

Post Fertilization Changes

• 1.Post fertilization changes occur in plants.

Types

• 1.Inertia, forces, scattering, lenses, other types of lenses, telescopes, chain reaction, nuclear reactor, alloys, corrosion, blood circulation, nerve fibre, auxins, pollination, variations, gene therapy, stem cells and cancers.
• 2.Different types of expansion of solid.
• 3.Three types of extraction of metals from metal oxide.
• 4.Types of solvent based on solution.
• 5.Types of solution based on the amount of solute.

Sources

• 1.Sources of e-waste, wastewater.

Merits

• 1.Merits of LED.

Agents

• 1.Agents of soil erosion.

Properties

• 1.Properties of alpha, beta and gamma rays.
• 2.Properties of light.
• 3.Properties of metals both physical and chemical properties.
• 4.Physical and chemical properties of aluminium, copper, iron and ethanol.

Classification

• 1.Classify the types of forces.
• 2.Classify the two types of organic compounds.
• 3.Draw a flow chart of classification of organic compounds.

Relations

• 1.Relation between g and G.

Do You Know? (Short Notes & Reasoning)

• 1.What is colloid? Give example.
• 2.What is nichrome?
• 3.Define horse power.
• 4.What is pitchblende?
• 5.What is electron volt (eV)?
• 6.What is 'little boy' and 'fat man'?
• 7.What is nuclear fusion?
• 8.Write a note on acoustical wonder of Golconda fort.
• 9.What is meant by rarer and denser medium?
• 10.What is known as Doppler effect?
• 11.How old is our mother earth?
• 12.Define dosimeter.
• 13.What is gram atomic mass?
• 14.What is gram molecular mass?
• 15.State Henry's law.
• 16.What is fermentation?
• 17.Is noble gas have any tendency to accept electron?
• 18.Dilute or concentrated nitric acid does not attack aluminium why?
• 19.How will you prepare marble?
• 20.What happens when hydrogen peroxide is applied on wound?
• 21.Food kept at room temperature spoils faster than that kept in the refrigerator why?
• 22.What is aerated drinks?
• 23.Why ordinary soap is not suitable for using with hard water?
• 24.What do you mean the term "TFM"?
• 25.Write the contributory work of C.N.R.Rao.
• 26.Write the medicinal value of Leech.
• 27.Write a short note on pygmy rabbit.
• 28.What is guttation?
• 29.What is hydathodes?
• 30.Why does mammalian RBC lacks cell organelles and nucleus?
• 31.Write a note on a) anaemia b) leucocytosis c) leukopenia d) thrombocytopenia.
• 32.Who is regarded as father of modern physiology? Why it so?
• 33.Name some heart chambers of vertebrates with examples.
• 34.What is neurogenic and myogenic heart beat?
• 35.What is called bundle of his?
• 36.Write the functions of neuron.
• 37.What is meningitis?
• 38.What is electroencephalogram?
• 39.Write a short note on essential fatty acids.
• 40.Name some natural auxins.
• 41.Name some synthetic auxins.
• 42.What is endocrinology?
• 43.What is melatonin?
• 44.Who and when the molecular structure of thyroxine identified? How much it requires per day?
• 45.Who discovered the human insulin? When it was used first?
• 46.Why cortisol is known as life saving hormone?
• 47.What is menstruation?
• 48.What is non-identical twins and identical twins?
• 49.What is colostrums? Write its functions.
• 50.Why May 28 is observed as menstrual hygiene day?
• 51.What is punnett square?
• 52.Telometres act as a aging clock in every cell- justify your answer.
• 53.Who and when got the noble prize for the work of role of chromosome in heredity?
• 54.State Erwin chargaff law.
• 55.Write a note on sickle cell anaemia.
• 56.Write the relationship between mutation and variation.
• 57.What is living fossils? Give example.
• 58.What is Geological time scale?
• 59.Write a note on Thiruvakkarai fossil wood park.
• 60.What is astrobiology?
• 61.Write a note on Dr. M.S.Swaminathan.
• 62.Write a note on Dr.G.Nammalvar.
• 63.Write a note on gamma garden.
• 64.Define plasmid.
• 65.What is called restriction site?
• 66.Which company started commercial production of Insulin? What techniques are used in the production of Insulin?
• 67.Write a short note on the development of Dolly.
• 68.What is POCSO act? Write its objectives.
• 69.What is NCPCR? Write its principles.
• 70.On which day the anti-tobacco act was passed? What is the expectations of anti-tobacco act? On which day the No tobacco day was observed?
• 71.What are HDL and LDL?
• 72.Explain the types of tumours.
• 73.Write a note on Dr.Suniti Solomon.
• 74.Write a short note on chipko movement.
• 75.Write a note on the contributory works of Rathika ramasamy.
• 76.Write a short note on the case study of Taj mahal.
• 77.List out the six basin areas of shale gas exploration.
• 78.Write a note on Kallanai dam or Grand anicut.
• 79.Write the chemical composition of e-waste.
• 80.Write a note on the health effects of e-waste.

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