Social Transformation in Tamil Nadu

10th Social Science : History : Chapter 10 : Social Transformation in Tamil Nadu

V. Answer briefly

1. Write a note on Tamil Renaissance.

The cultural hegemony of colonialism and the rise of humanism brought several changes in the socio-cultural life of Indian sub-continent.
The introduction of printing press, linguistic research on Dravidian languages, etc. underpinned the process of Tamil renaissance.
The publication of ancient literary texts created an awareness among the Tamil people about their historical tradition, language, literature and religion.

2. Highlight the contribution of Caldwell for the cause of South Indian languages.

Caldwell expanded the theory that the South Indian languages belonged to a separate family which was unrelated to the Indo. Aryan family of languages in a book titled. 'A comparative grammar of the Dravidian or South Indian family of languages'.

He established a close affinity between the Dravidian languages in contrast with Sanskrit and also established the antiquity of Tamil.

3. List out the personalities who contributed to the revival of Tamil literature through their writings.

Damotharanar
U.V. Swaminathar
Thiru. Vi. Kalyana Sundaram
Maraimalai Adigal
Subramania Bharathi
S. Vaiyapuri
Bharathidasan
Parithimar Kalaignar

4. Discuss the importance of Hindu Religious Endowment Act passed by the Justicite ministry ?

The huge resources of the temples of Tamil Nadu were monopolised and exploited by the dominant caste in the society and led to mismanagement of public resources.

It introduced the Hindu Religious Endowment Act in 1926. This Act enabled any individual, irrespective of their caste affiliation, to become member of the temple committee and govern the resources of the religious institutions.

5. Name the newspapers published by the South Indian Liberal Foundation.

Dravidian in Tamil
Justice in English
Andhra Prakasika in Telugu

6. Estimate Periyar as a feminist

Periyar was critical of patriarchy.
He condemned child marriage and devadasi system.
He raised his voice over the plight of women.
He emphasised women's right to divorce and property.
He believed that property rights for women would provide them social status and protection.

Social Transformation in Tamil Nadu

10th Social Science: History: Chapter 10 - One Mark Questions & Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

1. ________ established a full-fledged printing press in 1709, at Tranquebar.

a) Caldwell
b) F.W. Ellis
c) Ziegenbalg
d) Meenakshisundaram

Ans: (c)

2. ________ founded Adi Dravida Mahajana Sabha in 1893.

a) Rettaimalai Srinivasan
b) B. R. Ambedkar
c) Rajaji
d) M. C. Rajah

Ans: (a)

3. India’s first organised trade union, the Madras Labour Union was formed in _____ .

a) 1918
b) 1917
c) 1916
d) 1914

Ans: (a)

4. ________ was established by the Justice Party Government for the selection of Government officials.

a) Staff Selection Board
b) Public Service Commission
c) Provincial Staff Recruitment Board
d) Staff Selection Commission

Ans: (a)

5. _______ was the first elected Legislative Council Member from the depressed class in Madras Province.

a) M. C. Rajah
b) Rettaimalai Srinivasan
c) T.M. Nair
d) P. Varadarajulu

Ans: (a)

II. Fill in the blanks

Tamil was the first non-European language that went into print.
The College of Fort St. George was founded by F.W.Ellis.
Maraimalai Adigal is considered the father of Tamil linguistic purism.
Justice Party government was the first to approve participation of women in the electoral politics.
The name Suriyanarayana Sastri changed in Tamil as Parithimar Kalaigar.
Abraham Pandithar gave prominence to Tamil music.
The first Woman Legislator in India was Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar.

III. Choose the correct statement

(i) Thirukkural was one of the earliest Tamil literary texts to be published in 1812.

(ii) Maraimalai Adigal collected and edited different palm leaf manuscripts of the Tamil grammars and literature.

(iii) Robert Caldwell established the close affinity between the Dravidian languages in contrast with Sanskrit and also established the antiquity of Tamil.

(iv) Thiru.Vi. Kalyanasundaram was an early pioneer in Trade union movement.

a) (i) and (ii) are correct
b) (i) and (iii) are correct
c) (iv) is correct
d) (ii) and (iii) are correct

Ans: (b)

Assertion (A): The Justice Party continued to remain in government from 1920-1937 in Madras Presidency.

Reason (R): The Congress Party boycotted the Madras Legislature during this period of Dyarchy.

a) Both A and R are correct
b) A is correct, but R is not the correct explanation
c) Both A and R are wrong
d) R is correct, but it has no relevance to A

Ans: (a)

IV. Match the following

Match the items in Column A with Column B

Column A

1. Dravidian Home
2. Thozhilalan
3. Tani Tamil Iyakkam
4. Jeeviya Saritha Surukkam

Column B

a) Rettaimalai Srinivasan
b) Singaravelar
c) Natesanar
d) Maraimalai Adigal

Answer

1. Dravidian Home - Natesanar
2. Thozhilalan – Singaravelar
3. Tani Tamil Iyakkam - Maraimalai Adigal
4. Jeeviya Saritha Surukkam - Rettaimalai Srinivasan

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