SSC 10th Science Part 2 March 2024 Question Paper Solution Maharashtra Board

Science and Technology Part II (E) - March 2024 Full Solution

Examination Details:

• Subject: Science and Technology Part II (English Medium)
• Time: 2 Hours | Max Marks: 40
• Note: All questions are compulsory. Scientifically correct, labeled diagrams should be drawn wherever necessary.

Q. 1 (A) Choose and write correct option number as answer:

(i) Regeneration occurs in:

Answer: (D) planaria

(ii) Lactobacillus brevis gives us the beverage:

Answer: (D) cider

(iii) A minor change occurs due to change in position of any nucleotide is termed as:

Answer: (C) mutation

(iv) Atomic power plant in Maharashtra is:

Answer: (C) Tarapur

(v) Example of phylum Arthropoda is:

Answer: (A) scorpion

Q. 1 (B) Solve the following:

(i) Pick the odd man out: duckbill platypus, pomfret, lungfish, peripatus.

Answer: Pomfret. (Reason: Others are connecting links between different groups of organisms, while pomfret is a true fish).

(ii) Write co-relation: Skin: Melanin :: Pancreas: _________

Answer: Insulin (Melanin is a pigment of the skin, Insulin is a hormone secreted by the Pancreas).

(iii) State, true or false: Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water is called blue revolution.

Answer: True.

(iv) Write full form of WHO.

Answer: World Health Organization.

(v) Match the pair: Male

Answer: (1) Male — (b) $44+XY$

Q. 2 (A) Give scientific reasons (any two):

(i) Though tortoise lives on land as well as in water, it cannot be included in class-Amphibia.

Answer:

• Tortoises have dry and scaly skin, whereas amphibians have moist skin used for respiration.
• Tortoises breathe only through lungs, while amphibians can respire through their skin (cutaneous respiration) in water.
• Tortoises lay hard-shelled eggs on land, which is a characteristic of Class Reptilia.

(ii) Hydroelectric energy, solar energy and wind energy are called renewable energies.

Answer:

• These energy sources are derived from natural processes that are continuous and inexhaustible.
• Unlike fossil fuels, they are replenished by nature over short periods and do not run out with usage.

(iii) We feel tired after exercise.

Answer:

• During vigorous exercise, the body’s demand for oxygen exceeds the supply.
• To produce energy under these conditions, muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, which produces lactic acid.
• The accumulation of lactic acid leads to muscle fatigue and the feeling of tiredness.

Q. 2 (B) Answer any three:

(i) Write four adverse effects of radiations on human body.

1. Genetic mutations in DNA can occur.
2. High risk of developing various cancers, particularly leukemia.
3. Damage to the eyes (cataracts).
4. Destruction of cells in the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract.

(ii) Redraw and complete the given chart: Factors affecting Social Health.

Answer: The four empty circles can be completed with: (1) Financial status, (2) Education, (3) Social security, and (4) Health services.

(iii) Write any four important facts which must be thought over while considering the scope of disaster.

1. Pre-disaster phase (preparedness).
2. Warning phase (alertness).
3. Emergency phase (rescue operations).
4. Rehabilitation and Recovery phase (restoring normalcy).

(iv) Name two fuels obtained by microbial processes. Why is it necessary to increase the use of such fuels?

Answer: Methane and Ethanol. It is necessary to increase their use because they are "clean" fuels that produce less pollution, are renewable, and help reduce our reliance on depleting fossil fuels.

(v) What is DNA fingerprinting? Where is it mainly useful?

Answer: DNA fingerprinting is a laboratory technique used to identify the unique genetic pattern of an individual. It is primarily useful in forensic science (to identify criminals) and in paternity testing (to determine biological parents).

Q. 3 Answer any five:

(i) (a) What are vitamins? (b) Classify them according to their solubility. (c) Give one example of each type.

(a) Vitamins are organic compounds required in small quantities for the normal growth and maintenance of the body.
(b/c) Fat-soluble vitamins: Vitamin A, D, E, or K. Water-soluble vitamins: Vitamin B or C.

(ii) Explain the following terms: (a) Stem cells, (b) Cloning, (c) Genetically modified crops.

(a) Stem cells: Specialized cells that have the potential to develop into many different cell types in the body.
(b) Cloning: The process of producing genetically identical copies of a cell, tissue, or organism.
(c) Genetically modified crops: Crops produced by introducing specific DNA sequences from other organisms to enhance traits like yield or pest resistance.

(iii) Complete the given paragraph: Spilling of...

Answer: Spilling of petroleum oil occurs in ocean... oil may prove fatal and toxic... remove the oil layer... by mechanical method... bacteria... ability to destroy the pyridines and other chemicals... reaction of carbon with oxygen.

(iv) Observe the wind turbine picture and answer: (a) Identify diagram, (b) Source of energy, (c) Why ecofriendly?

(a) Components of a Windmill / Wind Turbine.
(b) Wind energy.
(c) It is ecofriendly because it does not involve the combustion of fuel, meaning it emits no greenhouse gases or pollutants.

(v) Complete the following chart: Hobbies helpful to overcome stress.

[Image of hobbies for stress management chart] Answer: 1. Music/Singing, 2. Reading, 3. Gardening, 4. Painting, 5. Outdoor sports, 6. Photography.

(vi) Write names of any six materials which are to be in the first aid box.

1. Band-aids / Adhesive bandages.
2. Antiseptic liquid (like Dettol or Savlon).
3. Sterile cotton/gauze pads.
4. Adhesive tape.
5. Pair of scissors.
6. Antiseptic ointment.

(vii) (a) Define vestigial organs. (b) Write names of any two vestigial organs in the human body. (c) Write name of those animals in which these are functional.

(a) Vestigial organs are degenerated or underdeveloped useless organs of organisms.
(b) Appendix and Ear muscles (Pinna).
(c) The Appendix is functional in ruminants for cellulose digestion; Ear muscles are functional in monkeys for moving the ear pinna.

(viii) Identify: (a) Phylum with calcareous spines, (b) Phylum of small intestine dweller with pseudocoelom, (c) Class with spindle shape and gills.

(a) Phylum: Echinodermata (Example: Starfish).
(b) Phylum: Aschelminthes (Example: Ascaris).
(c) Class: Pisces (Example: Rohu/Shark).

Q. 4 Answer any one:

(i) Questions based on human male reproductive system: (a) Organ of sperm formation, (b) Length of sperm, (c) Work of vas deferens, (d) Cell division type, (e) Two unpaired organs.

[Image of the human male reproductive system] (a) Testes.
(b) Approximately 60 micrometers.
(c) It carries the sperms from the epididymis toward the ejaculatory duct.
(d) Meiosis.
(e) Prostate gland and Penis.

(ii) Environmental conservation: (a) Complete flow chart of Classification of threatened species.

Answer: 1. Endangered Species, 2. Rare Species, 3. Vulnerable Species, 4. Indeterminate Species.

(b) How can biodiversity be conserved? Give any four points.

Answer:

• Protecting the rare species of organisms to prevent extinction.
• Establishing national parks and sanctuaries to provide safe natural habitats.
• Declaring 'Bio-reservoirs' to protect specific areas of high biodiversity.
• Conserving all the local diversity of plants and animals by involving local communities.

(c) Complete the flow chart: Colour of the pages in Red List of Endangered Species.

Pink colour (Endangered)

← Red List →

Green colour (Previously Endangered/Recovered)

Answer: The empty boxes should be filled with Pink and Green respectively.