Virudhunagar District
First Mid Term Test - 2023
Standard 10 - SOCIAL SCIENCE
Time: 1.30 Hours | Marks: 50
PART - I (6x1=6)
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Choose the correct answer:
- Who said "imperialism" is the highest stage of capitalism?
- Choose the correct statement
Assertion (A): President Roosevelt realised that the United States had to change its policy of isolation.
Reason (R): He started a programme of Lend Lease in 1941. - .................. is not a part of the world network biosphere reserves of UNESCO.
- The longest dam in the world is .....................
- What is minimum age laid down for a candidate to seek election to the Lok Sabha?
- GATT's first round held in
PART - II (4x1=4)
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Fill in the blanks:
- The Secret State Police in Nazi Germany was known as ..................
- .................. River is known as 'Sorrow of Bihar'.
- The constitution of India was adopted on ...................
- GDP is the indicator of ................... economy.
PART - III (6x2=12)
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Answer any 6 questions. Question No: 20 is compulsory.
- What do you know of Trench Warfare?
- Who were the three prominent dictators of the Post World War I?
- What do you know of the White Terror in Indo-China?
- Name the neighbouring countries of India.
- What is meant by "normal lapse rate"?
- State the types of agriculture practices in India.
- What is meant by Citizenship?
- What is the qualification of Judges of the Supreme Court?
- Define National Income.
- Write short note on Multinational Corporation.
PART - IV (2x5=10)
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Write in detail (Any 2 questions)
- Analyse the effects of the World War II?
-
A) Distinguish between the following
- Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
- Weather and Climate
Himalayas are called young fold mountains.
- Describe the Executive and Judicial powers of the President of India.
- Briefly explain various terms associated with measuring of national income.
PART - V (5x1=5)
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Time Line:
- Write any five important events from the Year 1910 - 1940.
PART - VI (1x8=8)
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Answer the following questions:
- Discuss the main causes of the First World War.
(OR) - Explain the divisions of Northern Mountains and its importance to India.
- Discuss the main causes of the First World War.
PART - VII (5x1=5)
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Mark the following places on the India Outline map:
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- Aravalli
- Mt. Everest
- Direction of South West Monsoon Wind
- Alluvial Soil Region
- River Ganga
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Solved Paper: Answers
PART-I: Choose the correct answer
1. Who said "imperialism" is the highest stage of capitalism?
a) Lenin
2. Choose the correct statement (Assertion/Reason)
a) Both A and R are correct. (The Lend-Lease program was a clear departure from the US policy of isolationism, initiated by Roosevelt to aid the Allied nations.)
3. ................... is not a part of the world network biosphere reserves of UNESCO.
d) Kachch (Note: While all four are now designated UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, this is a common textbook question where Kachch is sometimes considered distinct or was added to the World Network later than the others.)
4. The longest dam in the world is .....................
c) Hirakud dam (Located in Odisha, it is the longest earthen dam in the world.)
5. What is minimum age laid down for a candidate to seek election to the Lok Sabha?
c) 25 years
6. GATT's first round held in
d) Geneva (The first round of GATT negotiations took place in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1947.)
PART-II: Fill in the blanks
7. The Secret State Police in Nazi Germany was known as ..................
Gestapo
8. .................. River is known as 'Sorrow of Bihar'.
Kosi
9. The constitution of India was adopted on ...................
26th November 1949
10. GDP is the indicator of ................... economy.
macro
PART-III: Answer any 6 questions
11. What do you know of Trench Warfare?
Trench warfare is a type of combat where opposing armies fight from a system of fortified ditches dug into the ground. It was a defining feature of World War I. Key characteristics include:
- A complex network of trenches, including frontline, support, and reserve trenches.
- The area between opposing trenches was called "No Man's Land."
- Soldiers faced harsh conditions like mud, disease, rats, and constant threat of shelling and sniper fire.
12. Who were the three prominent dictators of the Post World War I?
The three prominent dictators who rose to power after World War I were:
1. Benito Mussolini in Italy (Fascism)
2. Adolf Hitler in Germany (Nazism)
3. Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union (Communism)
13. What do you know of the White Terror in Indo-China?
The "White Terror" in Indo-China refers to the brutal campaign of repression and execution carried out by the French colonial authorities in the 1920s and 1930s. It was primarily aimed at crushing Vietnamese nationalist and communist movements that sought independence from French rule. Thousands of revolutionaries were arrested, tortured, or executed without trial.
14. Name the neighbouring countries of India.
India shares its land borders with:
- North-west: Pakistan and Afghanistan
- North: China, Nepal, and Bhutan
- East: Bangladesh and Myanmar
15. What is meant by "normal lapse rate"?
The normal lapse rate is the rate at which atmospheric temperature decreases with an increase in altitude. On average, the temperature drops by about 6.5°C for every 1000 meters (or 1 km) of ascent in the troposphere.
16. State the types of agriculture practices in India.
The major types of agricultural practices in India are:
- Subsistence Farming: Growing crops mainly for the farmer's own consumption. (e.g., Shifting Agriculture, Intensive Subsistence Farming).
- Commercial Farming: Growing crops for sale in the market. (e.g., Commercial Grain Farming).
- Plantation Agriculture: A type of commercial farming where a single crop is grown on a large scale (e.g., tea, coffee, rubber).
- Mixed Farming: Cultivating crops and raising livestock simultaneously.
17. What is meant by Citizenship?
Citizenship is the legal status of a person as a member of a particular country. It grants the individual civil and political rights and imposes duties and responsibilities. According to the Indian Constitution (Part II, Articles 5-11), citizenship can be acquired by birth, descent, registration, and naturalization.
18. What is the qualification of Judges of the Supreme Court?
To be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court, a person must:
- Be a citizen of India.
- Have been a Judge of a High Court for at least 5 years; OR
- Have been an advocate of a High Court for at least 10 years; OR
- Be a distinguished jurist in the opinion of the President.
19. Define National Income.
National Income is the total monetary value of all final goods and services produced by a country during a specific period, typically one financial year. It represents the sum of factor incomes (wages, profit, rent, interest) earned by the residents of a country.
20. Write short note on Multinational Corporation.
A Multinational Corporation (MNC) is a large company that operates in its home country and also has production or service facilities in at least one other country. MNCs have a significant impact on the global economy through foreign direct investment, technology transfer, and job creation. Examples include Google, Coca-Cola, and Toyota.
PART-IV: Write in detail
21. Analyse the effects of the World War II?
World War II had profound and lasting effects on the world.
1. Political Effects:
- End of Colonialism: The war weakened European colonial powers like Britain and France, accelerating the independence movements in Asia and Africa.
- Rise of Superpowers: The USA and the USSR emerged as the two dominant world superpowers, leading to the Cold War.
- Formation of the United Nations (UN): The UN was established in 1945 to promote international peace, security, and cooperation, replacing the failed League of Nations.
- Division of Germany: Germany was divided into four occupation zones, which later became West Germany (capitalist) and East Germany (communist).
2. Economic Effects:
- Massive Devastation: Europe and parts of Asia suffered immense destruction of infrastructure, industries, and agriculture.
- Economic Dominance of the USA: The US economy boomed due to war production and emerged as the world's leading economic power.
- Creation of International Financial Institutions: The Bretton Woods Conference led to the establishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank to regulate the global economy.
3. Social Effects:
- Huge Loss of Life: The war resulted in an estimated 60-80 million deaths, including millions of civilians. The Holocaust led to the systematic genocide of six million Jews.
- Advancement in Technology: The war spurred rapid advancements in science and technology, including nuclear energy, computers, and jet engines.
- Increased Role of Women: Women entered the workforce in large numbers to support the war effort, leading to a shift in their societal roles.
22. A) Distinguish between... B) Give Reason...
A) i) Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
| Feature | Western Ghats | Eastern Ghats |
|---|---|---|
| Continuity | Continuous mountain range, can be crossed only through passes. | Discontinuous and irregular, eroded by rivers. |
| Height | Higher, with an average elevation of 900-1600 meters. | Lower, with an average elevation of about 600 meters. |
| Rivers | Origin of major peninsular rivers like Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri. | No major rivers originate here; rivers from Western Ghats cut through them. |
| Rainfall | Receive heavy orographic rainfall from the South-West Monsoon. | Receive comparatively lower rainfall. |
A) ii) Weather and Climate
| Feature | Weather | Climate |
|---|---|---|
| Time Period | Describes atmospheric conditions over a short period (day-to-day). | Describes the average weather conditions over a long period (30+ years). |
| Scope | Refers to a specific place at a specific time. | Refers to a larger region over many years. |
| Variability | Changes frequently and can be unpredictable. | Relatively stable and changes very slowly over centuries. |
| Study | The study of weather is called Meteorology. | The study of climate is called Climatology. |
B) Give Reason: Himalayas are called young fold mountains.
The Himalayas are called "young fold mountains" for the following reasons:
- Recent Geological Formation: They were formed relatively recently in geological history (around 40-50 million years ago) by the collision of the Indo-Australian tectonic plate with the Eurasian plate.
- Ongoing Formation: The Indian plate is still pushing against the Eurasian plate, causing the Himalayas to continue to rise in height. This makes them geologically active and "young."
- Physical Features: They exhibit features of youth, such as rugged peaks, deep V-shaped valleys, and fast-flowing rivers, which indicate that the processes of erosion have not yet had enough time to wear them down into a more rounded, older landscape.
PART-V: Time Line
25. Write any five important events from the Year 1910 - 1940.
- 1914: Outbreak of World War I.
- 1917: The Russian Revolution.
- 1919: The Treaty of Versailles is signed, officially ending WWI.
- 1929: The Great Depression begins with the Wall Street Crash.
- 1939: Germany invades Poland, leading to the outbreak of World War II.
PART-VI: Answer the following questions
26. Discuss the main causes of the First World War. (OR)
27. Explain the divisions of Northern Mountains and its importance to India.
Answer for Q.26: Main Causes of the First World War
The main causes of World War I can be summarized by the acronym M.A.I.N.:- Militarism: This was a policy of building up a strong military to prepare for war. European nations engaged in an arms race, with Germany and Britain competing to build the most powerful navy. The belief that war was a valid tool of foreign policy created a tense atmosphere.
- Alliances: A complex system of military alliances divided Europe into two hostile camps.
- The Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
- The Triple Entente: France, Britain, and Russia.
- Imperialism: The competition for colonies and economic resources in Africa and Asia led to rivalries and conflicts among European powers. This quest for empire fueled tensions, particularly between Germany, Britain, and France.
- Nationalism: Intense patriotism and the desire of ethnic groups to have their own nations created instability. In the Balkan region ("the powder keg of Europe"), Slavic nationalism, supported by Russia, conflicted with the interests of Austria-Hungary.
Answer for Q.27: Divisions of Northern Mountains and its importance to India
The Northern Mountains of India are a vast mountain system, primarily consisting of the Himalayas. They can be divided into three main parallel ranges:- The Himalayas:
- The Greater Himalayas (Himadri): The northernmost and highest range, with an average height of 6,000 meters. It contains the world's highest peaks, including Mt. Everest and Kanchenjunga. It is the source of the Ganga and Yamuna rivers.
- The Lesser Himalayas (Himachal): Located south of the Himadri, with an average height of 3,700-4,500 meters. It includes famous hill stations like Shimla, Mussoorie, and Darjeeling.
- The Outer Himalayas (Siwaliks): The southernmost range, with an average height of 900-1,100 meters. These are foothills composed of unconsolidated sediments and are prone to landslides.
- The Trans-Himalayas: Located to the north of the Himadri, mainly in Tibet. Ranges like Karakoram, Ladakh, and Zaskar are part of it.
- The Purvanchal Hills (Eastern Highlands): The eastern extension of the Himalayas along the border with Myanmar. They include ranges like Patkai Bum, Naga Hills, and Mizo Hills.
- Natural Barrier: They act as a formidable natural wall, protecting India from foreign invasions from the north.
- Climate Influence: They block the cold, dry winds from Central Asia, keeping the Indian subcontinent warmer in winter. They also force the monsoon winds to shed their moisture, causing widespread rainfall across North India.
- Source of Perennial Rivers: The Himalayan glaciers feed major perennial rivers like the Ganga, Indus, and Brahmaputra, which are vital for agriculture, industry, and drinking water.
- Fertile Plains: The rivers originating from the Himalayas deposit rich alluvial soil, forming the fertile Northern Plains, which are the food basket of India.
- Rich Biodiversity: The mountains are home to a vast variety of flora and fauna, forming a rich biodiversity hotspot.
- Tourism and Pilgrimage: They attract tourists from all over the world and are home to numerous important pilgrimage sites like Amarnath and Badrinath.
PART-VII: Mark the following places on the India Outline map
28. Mark the following places on the India Outline map
- Aravalli: A mountain range running from northeast to southwest across Rajasthan in Western India, also extending into Haryana and Gujarat.
- Mt. Everest: The world's highest peak, located in the Greater Himalayas on the border between Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. (It should be marked just outside the northern border of India, near Sikkim).
- Direction of South West Monsoon Wind: Draw arrows originating from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, pointing towards the Indian mainland in a south-westerly to north-easterly direction.
- Alluvial Soil Region: Shade the vast Indo-Gangetic Plains, covering the states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and Assam, as well as the coastal plains on the east and west coasts.
- River Ganga: Trace the river starting from its source at the Gangotri glacier in the Himalayas, flowing through the Northern Plains (Uttarakhand, UP, Bihar, West Bengal), and finally draining into the Bay of Bengal.