V. Answer the following in a paragraph

1. Write about the distribution of cotton textile industries in India.

Cotton Textile industries in India:

Cotton Textile industries are Agro - based industries.

  • Traditional sectors like hand loom, handicrafts and small power-loom units are the biggest source of employment for millions of people in rural and semi urban areas.
  • It is one of the largest sources of employment generation in the country.
  • India is the third largest producer of cotton in the world.
  • At present, cotton textile industry is the largest organized modern industry of India.
Manchester of India:

Mumbai is called the Manchester of India. The higher concentration of textile mills in and around Mumbai makes it the Manchester of India.

Causes for high concentration of textiles in Mumbai .
  • i) Presence of black cotton soil in Maharashtra
  • ii) Humid climate
  • iii) Presence of Mumbai port
  • iv) Availability of hydro power
  • v) Good market
  • vi) Well developed transport facility
Manchester of South India:

Coimbatore is the most important textile centre in Tamil Nadu. So it is called the Manchester of South India.

Distribution of Cotton textile industries in India:

Maharashtra, Gujarat, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are important centers in India.

Distribution of Cotton textile industries in Tamil Nadu:

Erode, Tiruppur, Karur, Chennai, Tirunelvely, Madurai, Thoothukudi, Salem and Virudhunagar are important centres in Tamil Nadu.

2. Describe the major challenges of Indian industries.

  • Shortage and fluctuation in power supply.
  • Poor access to credit
  • Non-availability of cheap labourers.
  • Inappropriate living conditions nearby industrial estates.
  • Non-availability of large blocks of land.
  • High rate of interest for borrowed loan.
  • Lack of technical and vocational training for employees.