Chapter: 10th Social Science : Geography : Chapter 1 : India - Location, Relief and Drainage
Distinguish between the following
1. Himalayan rivers and Peninsular rivers.
Himalayan rivers
- Originate from the Himalayas.
- Long and wide
- Perennial in nature
- Unsuitable for hydro-power generation
- Useful for navigation
Peninsular rivers.
- Originate from Western Ghats.
- Short and narrow
- Non-perennial in nature
- Suitable for hydro-power generation
- Not useful for navigation.
2. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
Western Ghats
- The Western Ghats form the western edge of the peninsular plateau.
- The Western Ghats run parallel to the Arabian sea coast.
- There are three important passes in the Western Ghats
- The Western Ghats are continuous range of mountains
- Anaimudi is the highest peak in the Western Ghats.
Eastern Ghats
- The Eastern Ghats run from southwest to northeast from the eastern edge of Peninsular plateau.
- The Eastern Ghats run parallel to the Bay of Bengal.
- There is no pass. These are a series of intersected hills.
- The Eastern Ghats are not continuous as the Western Ghats.
- Mahendragiri is the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats.
3. Western Coastal Plains and Eastern Coastal Plains.
Western Coastal Plains
- It lies between the Western Ghats and the Arabian sea.
- It extends from Rann of Kutch in the north to Kanniyakumari in the south
- It has sandy beaches, coastal sand dunes, lagoons, mudflats and residual hills.
- The northern part of this coast is known as Konkan coast and the southern part is known as Malabar coast.
Eastern Coastal Plains
- It lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal.
- It extends from West Bengal in the north to Tamil Nadu in the south
- It consists of alluvial deposits. The coastal plain has regular shore line with beaches.
- The northern part of this coast is known as Northern Circars and the southern part is known as Coromandal coast.