Identification of Endocrine Glands - Bio-Zoology Laboratory Practical Experiment
Aim:
To identify the endocrine gland, its location, hormone secreted and functions - Thyroid gland and Pancreas
Materials Required:
Endocrine glands – (a) Thyroid gland (b) Pancreas – Islets of Langerhans
Any one endocrine gland should be flag labelled.
For the purpose of flag labelling a model / a chart / photograph showing all endocrine glands should be used. (Mark the endocrine glands mentioned for the practical)
Identification:
Identify the flagged endocrine gland, write its location, the hormones secreted and its functions.
(a) Thyroid gland
Identification: The flag labelled endocrine gland is identified as Thyroid gland
Location: Thyroid gland is a bilobed gland located in the neck region on either side of the trachea.
Hormones secreted: Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)
Functions of Hormones:
- Thyroid hormones increases the basal metabolic rate (BMR).
- It increases the body temperature.
- It regulates metabolism
- It is required for normal growth and development
- It is also known as personality hormone.
- Deficiency of thyroxine results in simple goiter, myxoedema (in adults) and cretinism (in children).
- Excess secretion causes Grave’s diseases.
(b) Pancreas – Islets of Langerhans
Identification:
The flag labelled endocrine gland is identified as Islets of Langerhans in the Pancreas.
Location:
Islets of Langerhans are seen embedded in the pancreas which is located in the abdominal region.
Hormones secreted:
- α cells secrete glucagon
- β cells secrete insulin
Functions of Hormones:
- Insulin converts glucose into glycogen and stores it in liver and muscles.
- Glucagon converts glycogen into glucose.
- Insulin and glucagon maintain the blood sugar level (80 – 120 mg/dl) by their antagonistic function.
- Decrease in insulin secretion causes diabetes mellitus.