Ts-10SS
Tenkasi District Common Examinations
Common First Mid Term Test - 2022
STANDARD 10 - SOCIAL SCIENCE
Time: 1.30 Hrs.
Marks: 50
I. Choose the correct answer:
7x1=7
- Which country was expelled from the league of Nations for attacking Finland?
- Which part of world disliked dollar imperialism?
- When did the Japanese formally sign of their surrender?
- _________ is a part of the world network biosphere reserves of UNESCO.
- Pick the odd one out.
- How can the Fundamental Rights be suspended?
- India signed the Dunkel proposal in
II. Write any five short answer:
5x2=10
- How do you assess the importance of Sino-Japanese war?
- What do you know of Beveridge Report?
- State the type of Agriculture practices in India.
- What are Jet streams?
- What is writ?
- What is short note Money Bill?
- Write any two positive impact of Globalisation.
III. Write any five brief answer:
5x5=25
- Assess the structure and the activities of the UN.
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A) Give Reason : Agriculture is the backbone of India.
B) Distinguish between the following:
i) Weather and Climate
ii) Alluvial soils and Black soils - Write the important world events between 1930 - 1950. Draw a time line.
- Write about South West Monsoon.
- What are the duties and functions of Prime Minister of India?
- Briefly explain the advantages and disadvantages of MNC.
- Mark the following countries on the World Map:
IV. Answer the following:
1x8=8
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i)
- Highlight the provisions of the treaty of Versailles relating to Germany.
- Trace the circumstances that led to the rise of Hitler in Germany.
(OR)
ii) Mark the following in the outline map of India:
Solved Answers
I. Choose the correct answer
- b) Russia - The Soviet Union (Russia) was expelled from the League of Nations in December 1939 for its aggression against Finland in the Winter War.
- a) Latin America - The United States' policy of economic influence and intervention in Latin American countries during the 20th century was widely resented and termed "dollar imperialism".
- d) 2 September 1945 - The formal surrender ceremony was held aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, officially ending World War II.
- d) Great Nicobar - While Nilgiri and Agathiyamalai are also part of the network, Great Nicobar is a significant biosphere reserve in India recognized by UNESCO.
- c) Tanks - Inundational canals, Perennial canals, and Canals are all related to canal irrigation systems. Tanks represent a different method of water storage and irrigation.
- c) If the President orders it during the national emergency. - Under Article 359 of the Indian Constitution, the President can suspend the enforcement of Fundamental Rights (except Articles 20 and 21) during a national emergency.
- d) 1994 - India signed the Dunkel Proposal as part of the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations, which culminated in the Marrakesh Agreement in April 1994, establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO).
II. Short Answers
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Importance of the Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895):
- It marked the emergence of Japan as a major military power and an imperialist force in East Asia.
- It exposed the military weakness and corruption of the Qing dynasty in China, leading to a loss of regional dominance.
- The victory gave Japan control over Taiwan and influence in Korea, setting the stage for further Japanese expansion in the 20th century.
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Beveridge Report:
The Beveridge Report was an influential 1942 British government report authored by Sir William Beveridge. It proposed a comprehensive social insurance system to combat the "Five Giant Evils": Want (poverty), Disease, Ignorance, Squalor (poor housing), and Idleness (unemployment). This report laid the foundation for the UK's post-war welfare state, including the creation of the National Health Service (NHS).
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Types of Agricultural Practices in India:
- Subsistence Farming: Farmers grow crops mainly for their own consumption and their family.
- Commercial Farming: Crops are grown for sale in the market to earn profit.
- Plantation Agriculture: A type of commercial farming where a single crop (like tea, coffee, rubber) is grown on a large scale.
- Intensive Farming: Practiced in areas of high population, it involves high inputs of capital and labour on small plots of land to maximize yield.
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Jet Streams:
Jet streams are fast-flowing, narrow, meandering air currents found in the upper atmosphere, near the tropopause. They blow from west to east and play a crucial role in influencing weather systems on the Earth's surface by steering cyclones and anticyclones.
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Writ:
A writ is a formal written order issued by a court, typically the Supreme Court (under Article 32) or a High Court (under Article 226), for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. There are five main types of writs: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Certiorari, Prohibition, and Quo-Warranto.
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Money Bill:
As defined in Article 110 of the Constitution, a Money Bill deals with financial matters such as taxation, public expenditure, and government borrowing. It can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha with the prior recommendation of the President. The Rajya Sabha has limited powers; it can only suggest amendments but cannot reject the bill.
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Two Positive Impacts of Globalisation:
- Economic Growth: Increased flow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and access to global markets have stimulated economic growth and created jobs.
- Consumer Benefits: Globalisation has led to a wider variety of goods and services available to consumers at more competitive prices due to increased competition.
III. Brief Answers
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Structure and Activities of the UN:
The United Nations (UN) is an international organisation founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and cooperation.
Structure: The UN has six principal organs:- The General Assembly: The main deliberative body where all 193 member states are represented.
- The Security Council: Responsible for maintaining international peace and security. It has 15 members, including 5 permanent members (China, France, Russia, UK, USA) with veto power.
- The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC): Coordinates the economic and social work of the UN and its specialized agencies.
- The International Court of Justice (ICJ): The principal judicial organ, which settles legal disputes between states.
- The Secretariat: Headed by the Secretary-General, it carries out the day-to-day work of the UN.
- The Trusteeship Council: Established to supervise the administration of trust territories (now inactive as all territories have gained self-governance).
- Peacekeeping and Security: Deploying peacekeeping missions to conflict zones.
- Human Rights: Promoting and protecting human rights through declarations and monitoring.
- Humanitarian Aid: Providing food, shelter, and medical assistance in emergencies.
- Sustainable Development: Working towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty and protect the planet.
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A) Reason: Agriculture is the backbone of India.
Agriculture is considered the backbone of the Indian economy for the following reasons:
- Employment: It is the largest source of livelihood, employing nearly 50% of the country's workforce.
- Food Security: It ensures food for India's vast population and contributes to national food security.
- Industrial Raw Materials: It provides raw materials for major industries like cotton textiles, sugar, and food processing.
- Contribution to GDP: Though its share has declined, it still contributes significantly to the national income and supports a large part of the population.
B) Distinguish between:i) Weather and Climate
Weather Climate Refers to the day-to-day atmospheric conditions of a specific place. Refers to the average weather conditions over a long period (typically 30-35 years). It is a short-term phenomenon and can change rapidly. It is a long-term pattern and changes very slowly over decades or centuries. Example: "It is a sunny day in Chennai today." Example: "Chennai has a tropical wet and dry climate."
ii) Alluvial soils and Black soils
Alluvial Soils Black Soils Formed by the deposition of silt by rivers. Formed from the weathering of volcanic rocks (lava). Found in the Indo-Gangetic plains, deltas, and coastal plains. Found in the Deccan Plateau region (Maharashtra, Gujarat, MP). Rich in potash and lime but poor in nitrogen. Very fertile. Rich in iron, lime, and magnesium. Known for its high moisture retention. Ideal for growing wheat, rice, sugarcane, and pulses. Ideal for growing cotton, hence also called "cotton soil". Also known as "Regur soil". -
Important World Events (1930 - 1950) - Timeline:
- 1930: The Salt March (Dandi March) is led by Mahatma Gandhi in India.
- 1933: Adolf Hitler becomes the Chancellor of Germany.
- 1939: Germany invades Poland, marking the beginning of World War II.
- 1942: The Quit India Movement is launched against British rule in India.
- 1945: World War II ends. The United Nations is officially established.
- 1947: India achieves independence from British rule.
- 1949: The People's Republic of China is founded under Mao Zedong.
- 1950: The Constitution of India comes into full effect, making India a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic.
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South West Monsoon:
The South West Monsoon is a crucial climatic feature for India, bringing over 75% of the country's annual rainfall. It typically lasts from June to September.
- Origin: These moisture-laden winds originate from the high-pressure area over the southern Indian Ocean. After crossing the equator, they are deflected towards the northeast due to the Coriolis force, approaching the Indian subcontinent as the South-West Monsoon.
- Two Branches: Upon reaching the Indian peninsula, the monsoon splits into two branches:
- The Arabian Sea Branch: Strikes the Western Ghats, causing heavy rainfall on the windward side (e.g., Kerala, coastal Karnataka). It then travels north along the coast and into central India.
- The Bay of Bengal Branch: Moves towards Northeast India, where the Garo, Khasi, and Jaintia hills cause it to shed heavy moisture (Mawsynram receives the world's highest rainfall). It is then deflected westward by the Himalayas, bringing rain to the Indo-Gangetic plains.
- Importance: The monsoon is vital for India's agriculture, replenishing water reservoirs and influencing the economy.
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Duties and Functions of the Prime Minister of India:
The Prime Minister is the real executive authority and the head of the government.
- Head of the Council of Ministers: The Prime Minister selects, allocates portfolios to, and presides over the Council of Ministers. He can ask a minister to resign or advise the President to dismiss him.
- Link between President and Cabinet: He is the principal channel of communication between the President and the Council of Ministers.
- Leader of the Nation and Parliament: He is the leader of the Lok Sabha and the chief spokesperson of the government. He announces major government policies on the floor of the House.
- Advisor to the President: He advises the President on the appointment of important officials like the Attorney General, CAG, UPSC Chairman, Election Commissioners, etc.
- Head of various organisations: He is the chairman of NITI Aayog, the National Development Council, and the National Integration Council.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Multinational Corporations (MNCs):
MNCs are large corporations that operate in many countries.
Advantages:- Foreign Investment: They bring in significant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), which helps in the economic development of the host country.
- Job Creation: MNCs create large-scale employment opportunities, reducing unemployment.
- Technology Transfer: They introduce advanced technology, machinery, and modern management skills to the host country.
- Resource Utilisation: They help in the efficient use of a country's natural resources.
- Harm to Local Businesses: Small, local businesses often cannot compete with the vast resources of MNCs and may be forced to shut down.
- Exploitation: MNCs may exploit the host country's cheap labor and natural resources for profit, sometimes leading to poor working conditions.
- Profit Repatriation: A large portion of the profits generated are sent back to the MNC's home country, which can be a drain on the host country's foreign exchange reserves.
- Political Interference: Due to their economic power, MNCs can sometimes influence the policies of the host government to suit their own interests.
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Location of Countries on the World Map:
- Germany: A major country in Central Europe, bordered by France to the west, Poland to the east, and Denmark to the north.
- Great Britain: An island nation located in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of mainland France. It is the largest island of the British Isles.
- China: A very large country in East Asia, bordered by India to the south, Russia to the north, and facing the Pacific Ocean to the east.
- Japan: An archipelago (island nation) in the Pacific Ocean, located to the east of the Asian mainland (east of China and Korea).
- Moscow: The capital city of Russia. It is located in the western, or European, part of Russia.
IV. Answer the following
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i) A) Provisions of the Treaty of Versailles relating to Germany:
The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, imposed very harsh terms on Germany after its defeat in World War I.
- War Guilt Clause (Article 231): Germany was forced to accept sole responsibility for starting the war. This was a major source of national humiliation.
- War Reparations: Germany was required to pay enormous reparations for war damages, initially set at £6.6 billion, crippling its economy.
- Military Restrictions: Germany's armed forces were severely limited. Its army was restricted to 100,000 men, it was forbidden from having an air force, submarines, or tanks, and its navy was significantly reduced. The Rhineland region was demilitarized.
- Territorial Losses: Germany lost about 13% of its European territory. Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France, and it lost territories to Belgium, Denmark, and Poland. All its overseas colonies in Africa and Asia were taken away.
i) B) Circumstances that led to the rise of Hitler in Germany:- Humiliation of the Treaty of Versailles: The treaty's harsh terms created deep-seated anger and a desire for revenge among the German people. Hitler and the Nazi Party skillfully exploited this sentiment.
- Economic Depression: The Great Depression of 1929 devastated the German economy, leading to mass unemployment, hyperinflation, and widespread poverty. People lost faith in the democratic Weimar Republic and were drawn to extremist parties offering radical solutions.
- Political Instability of the Weimar Republic: The democratic government was weak, fragmented, and unable to effectively handle the economic crisis. This created a political vacuum that Hitler filled.
- Hitler's Charisma and Propaganda: Hitler was a powerful and charismatic speaker. The Nazi party used sophisticated propaganda techniques to spread its message, blaming Jews and Communists for Germany's problems and promising to restore Germany's national pride and economic stability.
ii) Marking locations on the outline map of India:- Gangetic plain: The vast, fertile plain in North India, stretching from east to west, south of the Himalayas. It covers major parts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.
- Karakoram: A major mountain range located in the northernmost part of India, in the Ladakh region, north of the Himalayas.
- Eastern Ghats: A discontinuous range of mountains running along the eastern coast of India, parallel to the Bay of Bengal.
- Chota Nagpur plateau: A plateau in eastern India, covering most of Jharkhand and adjacent parts of Odisha, West Bengal, and Chhattisgarh. It is a storehouse of minerals.
- Gulf of Kutch: An inlet of the Arabian Sea located along the west coast of India, in the state of Gujarat.
- Lakshadweep Island: A group of islands (archipelago) in the Laccadive Sea, located off the southwestern coast of India.
- Bay of Bengal: The large bay forming the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, bordered by India on its west and northwest.
- North East Monsoon directions: Arrows should be drawn originating from the northeast of India and blowing towards the southeast coast (affecting mainly Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh), indicating the direction of these winter monsoon winds.