Ans. UTF stands for UCS (Unicode Character Set) Transformation Formats. UTF-8 encodes each of the more than 1 million Unicode characters using one to four 8-bit bytes (called octets in the Unicode Standard) of 1s and 0s.
Different keyboards use different inputting mechanism for entering a character. UTF-8 encoding standard ensures that data and documents are stored in a consistent manner so that there is no problem while transporting documents across operating systems, proof checking,
translation and searching.
|
Unicode
code point |
character
|
UTF-8
(hex.) |
name
|
|
U+0000
|
|
00
|
<control>
|
|
U+0001
|
|
01
|
<control>
|
|
U+0002
|
|
02
|
<control>
|
|
U+0003
|
|
03
|
<control>
|
|
U+0004
|
|
04
|
<control>
|
|
U+0005
|
|
05
|
<control>
|
|
U+0006
|
|
06
|
<control>
|
|
U+0007
|
|
07
|
<control>
|
|
U+0008
|
|
08
|
<control>
|
|
U+0009
|
|
09
|
<control>
|
|
U+000A
|
|
0a
|
<control>
|
|
U+000B
|
|
0b
|
<control>
|
|
U+000C
|
|
0c
|
<control>
|
|
U+000D
|
|
0d
|
<control>
|
|
U+000E
|
|
0e
|
<control>
|
|
U+000F
|
|
0f
|
<control>
|
|
U+0010
|
|
10
|
<control>
|
|
U+0011
|
|
11
|
<control>
|
|
U+0012
|
|
12
|
<control>
|
|
U+0013
|
|
13
|
<control>
|
|
U+0014
|
|
14
|
<control>
|
|
U+0015
|
|
15
|
<control>
|
|
U+0016
|
|
16
|
<control>
|
|
U+0017
|
|
17
|
<control>
|
|
U+0018
|
|
18
|
<control>
|
|
U+0019
|
|
19
|
<control>
|
|
U+001A
|
|
1a
|
<control>
|
|
U+001B
|
|
1b
|
<control>
|
|
U+001C
|
|
1c
|
<control>
|
|
U+001D
|
|
1d
|
<control>
|
|
U+001E
|
|
1e
|
<control>
|
|
U+001F
|
|
1f
|
<control>
|
|
U+0020
|
20
|
SPACE
|
|
|
U+0021
|
!
|
21
|
EXCLAMATION MARK
|
|
U+0022
|
"
|
22
|
QUOTATION MARK
|
|
U+0023
|
#
|
23
|
NUMBER SIGN
|
|
U+0024
|
$
|
24
|
DOLLAR SIGN
|
|
U+0025
|
%
|
25
|
PERCENT SIGN
|
|
U+0026
|
&
|
26
|
AMPERSAND
|
|
U+0027
|
'
|
27
|
APOSTROPHE
|
|
U+0028
|
(
|
28
|
LEFT PARENTHESIS
|
|
U+0029
|
)
|
29
|
RIGHT PARENTHESIS
|
|
U+002A
|
*
|
2a
|
ASTERISK
|
|
U+002B
|
+
|
2b
|
PLUS SIGN
|
|
U+002C
|
,
|
2c
|
COMMA
|
|
U+002D
|
-
|
2d
|
HYPHEN-MINUS
|
|
U+002E
|
.
|
2e
|
FULL STOP
|
|
U+002F
|
/
|
2f
|
SOLIDUS
|
|
U+0030
|
0
|
30
|
DIGIT ZERO
|
|
U+0031
|
1
|
31
|
DIGIT ONE
|
|
U+0032
|
2
|
32
|
DIGIT TWO
|
|
U+0033
|
3
|
33
|
DIGIT THREE
|
|
U+0034
|
4
|
34
|
DIGIT FOUR
|
|
U+0035
|
5
|
35
|
DIGIT FIVE
|
|
U+0036
|
6
|
36
|
DIGIT SIX
|
|
U+0037
|
7
|
37
|
DIGIT SEVEN
|
|
U+0038
|
8
|
38
|
DIGIT EIGHT
|
|
U+0039
|
9
|
39
|
DIGIT NINE
|
|
U+003A
|
:
|
3a
|
COLON
|
|
U+003B
|
;
|
3b
|
SEMICOLON
|
|
U+003C
|
<
|
3c
|
LESS-THAN SIGN
|
|
U+003D
|
=
|
3d
|
EQUALS SIGN
|
|
U+003E
|
>
|
3e
|
GREATER-THAN SIGN
|
|
U+003F
|
?
|
3f
|
QUESTION MARK
|
|
U+0040
|
@
|
40
|
COMMERCIAL AT
|
|
U+0041
|
A
|
41
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A
|
|
U+0042
|
B
|
42
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B
|
|
U+0043
|
C
|
43
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C
|
|
U+0044
|
D
|
44
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D
|
|
U+0045
|
E
|
45
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E
|
|
U+0046
|
F
|
46
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F
|
|
U+0047
|
G
|
47
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G
|
|
U+0048
|
H
|
48
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H
|
|
U+0049
|
I
|
49
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
|
|
U+004A
|
J
|
4a
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
|
|
U+004B
|
K
|
4b
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K
|
|
U+004C
|
L
|
4c
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L
|
|
U+004D
|
M
|
4d
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M
|
|
U+004E
|
N
|
4e
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N
|
|
U+004F
|
O
|
4f
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O
|
|
U+0050
|
P
|
50
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P
|
|
U+0051
|
Q
|
51
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q
|
|
U+0052
|
R
|
52
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R
|
|
U+0053
|
S
|
53
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S
|
|
U+0054
|
T
|
54
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T
|
|
U+0055
|
U
|
55
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U
|
|
U+0056
|
V
|
56
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V
|
|
U+0057
|
W
|
57
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W
|
|
U+0058
|
X
|
58
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X
|
|
U+0059
|
Y
|
59
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y
|
|
U+005A
|
Z
|
5a
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z
|
|
U+005B
|
[
|
5b
|
LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
|
|
U+005C
|
\
|
5c
|
REVERSE SOLIDUS
|
|
U+005D
|
]
|
5d
|
RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET
|
|
U+005E
|
^
|
5e
|
CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT
|
|
U+005F
|
_
|
5f
|
LOW LINE
|
|
U+0060
|
`
|
60
|
GRAVE ACCENT
|
|
U+0061
|
a
|
61
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER A
|
|
U+0062
|
b
|
62
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER B
|
|
U+0063
|
c
|
63
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER C
|
|
U+0064
|
d
|
64
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER D
|
|
U+0065
|
e
|
65
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER E
|
|
U+0066
|
f
|
66
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER F
|
|
U+0067
|
g
|
67
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER G
|
|
U+0068
|
h
|
68
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER H
|
|
U+0069
|
i
|
69
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER I
|
|
U+006A
|
j
|
6a
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER J
|
|
U+006B
|
k
|
6b
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER K
|
|
U+006C
|
l
|
6c
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER L
|
|
U+006D
|
m
|
6d
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER M
|
|
U+006E
|
n
|
6e
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER N
|
|
U+006F
|
o
|
6f
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER O
|
|
U+0070
|
p
|
70
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER P
|
|
U+0071
|
q
|
71
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER Q
|
|
U+0072
|
r
|
72
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER R
|
|
U+0073
|
s
|
73
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER S
|
|
U+0074
|
t
|
74
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER T
|
|
U+0075
|
u
|
75
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER U
|
|
U+0076
|
v
|
76
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER V
|
|
U+0077
|
w
|
77
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER W
|
|
U+0078
|
x
|
78
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER X
|
|
U+0079
|
y
|
79
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER Y
|
|
U+007A
|
z
|
7a
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER Z
|
|
U+007B
|
{
|
7b
|
LEFT CURLY BRACKET
|
|
U+007C
|
|
|
7c
|
VERTICAL LINE
|
|
U+007D
|
}
|
7d
|
RIGHT CURLY BRACKET
|
|
U+007E
|
~
|
7e
|
TILDE
|
|
U+007F
|
|
7f
|
<control>
|
|
U+0080
|
|
c2 80
|
<control>
|
|
U+0081
|
|
c2 81
|
<control>
|
|
U+0082
|
|
c2 82
|
<control>
|
|
U+0083
|
|
c2 83
|
<control>
|
|
U+0084
|
|
c2 84
|
<control>
|
|
U+0085
|
|
c2 85
|
<control>
|
|
U+0086
|
|
c2 86
|
<control>
|
|
U+0087
|
|
c2 87
|
<control>
|
|
U+0088
|
|
c2 88
|
<control>
|
|
U+0089
|
|
c2 89
|
<control>
|
|
U+008A
|
|
c2 8a
|
<control>
|
|
U+008B
|
|
c2 8b
|
<control>
|
|
U+008C
|
|
c2 8c
|
<control>
|
|
U+008D
|
|
c2 8d
|
<control>
|
|
U+008E
|
|
c2 8e
|
<control>
|
|
U+008F
|
|
c2 8f
|
<control>
|
|
U+0090
|
|
c2 90
|
<control>
|
|
U+0091
|
|
c2 91
|
<control>
|
|
U+0092
|
|
c2 92
|
<control>
|
|
U+0093
|
|
c2 93
|
<control>
|
|
U+0094
|
|
c2 94
|
<control>
|
|
U+0095
|
|
c2 95
|
<control>
|
|
U+0096
|
|
c2 96
|
<control>
|
|
U+0097
|
|
c2 97
|
<control>
|
|
U+0098
|
|
c2 98
|
<control>
|
|
U+0099
|
|
c2 99
|
<control>
|
|
U+009A
|
|
c2 9a
|
<control>
|
|
U+009B
|
|
c2 9b
|
<control>
|
|
U+009C
|
|
c2 9c
|
<control>
|
|
U+009D
|
|
c2 9d
|
<control>
|
|
U+009E
|
|
c2 9e
|
<control>
|
|
U+009F
|
|
c2 9f
|
<control>
|
|
U+00A0
|
|
c2 a0
|
NO-BREAK SPACE
|
|
U+00A1
|
¡
|
c2 a1
|
INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK
|
|
U+00A2
|
¢
|
c2 a2
|
CENT SIGN
|
|
U+00A3
|
£
|
c2 a3
|
POUND SIGN
|
|
U+00A4
|
¤
|
c2 a4
|
CURRENCY SIGN
|
|
U+00A5
|
¥
|
c2 a5
|
YEN SIGN
|
|
U+00A6
|
¦
|
c2 a6
|
BROKEN BAR
|
|
U+00A7
|
§
|
c2 a7
|
SECTION SIGN
|
|
U+00A8
|
¨
|
c2 a8
|
DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00A9
|
©
|
c2 a9
|
COPYRIGHT SIGN
|
|
U+00AA
|
ª
|
c2 aa
|
FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR
|
|
U+00AB
|
«
|
c2 ab
|
LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION
MARK
|
|
U+00AC
|
¬
|
c2 ac
|
NOT SIGN
|
|
U+00AD
|
c2 ad
|
SOFT HYPHEN
|
|
|
U+00AE
|
®
|
c2 ae
|
REGISTERED SIGN
|
|
U+00AF
|
¯
|
c2 af
|
MACRON
|
|
U+00B0
|
°
|
c2 b0
|
DEGREE SIGN
|
|
U+00B1
|
±
|
c2 b1
|
PLUS-MINUS SIGN
|
|
U+00B2
|
²
|
c2 b2
|
SUPERSCRIPT TWO
|
|
U+00B3
|
³
|
c2 b3
|
SUPERSCRIPT THREE
|
|
U+00B4
|
´
|
c2 b4
|
ACUTE ACCENT
|
|
U+00B5
|
µ
|
c2 b5
|
MICRO SIGN
|
|
U+00B6
|
¶
|
c2 b6
|
PILCROW SIGN
|
|
U+00B7
|
·
|
c2 b7
|
MIDDLE DOT
|
|
U+00B8
|
¸
|
c2 b8
|
CEDILLA
|
|
U+00B9
|
¹
|
c2 b9
|
SUPERSCRIPT ONE
|
|
U+00BA
|
º
|
c2 ba
|
MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR
|
|
U+00BB
|
»
|
c2 bb
|
RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE
QUOTATION MARK
|
|
U+00BC
|
¼
|
c2 bc
|
VULGAR FRACTION ONE QUARTER
|
|
U+00BD
|
½
|
c2 bd
|
VULGAR FRACTION ONE HALF
|
|
U+00BE
|
¾
|
c2 be
|
VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS
|
|
U+00BF
|
¿
|
c2 bf
|
INVERTED QUESTION MARK
|
|
U+00C0
|
À
|
c3 80
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00C1
|
Á
|
c3 81
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00C2
|
Â
|
c3 82
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH
CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00C3
|
Ã
|
c3 83
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH TILDE
|
|
U+00C4
|
Ä
|
c3 84
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH
DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00C5
|
Å
|
c3 85
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING
ABOVE
|
|
U+00C6
|
Æ
|
c3 86
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE
|
|
U+00C7
|
Ç
|
c3 87
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
|
|
U+00C8
|
È
|
c3 88
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00C9
|
É
|
c3 89
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00CA
|
Ê
|
c3 8a
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH
CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00CB
|
Ë
|
c3 8b
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH
DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00CC
|
Ì
|
c3 8c
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00CD
|
Í
|
c3 8d
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00CE
|
Î
|
c3 8e
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH
CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00CF
|
Ï
|
c3 8f
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH
DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00D0
|
Ð
|
c3 90
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH
|
|
U+00D1
|
Ñ
|
c3 91
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH TILDE
|
|
U+00D2
|
Ò
|
c3 92
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00D3
|
Ó
|
c3 93
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00D4
|
Ô
|
c3 94
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH
CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00D5
|
Õ
|
c3 95
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH TILDE
|
|
U+00D6
|
Ö
|
c3 96
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH
DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00D7
|
×
|
c3 97
|
MULTIPLICATION SIGN
|
|
U+00D8
|
Ø
|
c3 98
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH STROKE
|
|
U+00D9
|
Ù
|
c3 99
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00DA
|
Ú
|
c3 9a
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00DB
|
Û
|
c3 9b
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH
CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00DC
|
Ü
|
c3 9c
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH
DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00DD
|
Ý
|
c3 9d
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00DE
|
Þ
|
c3 9e
|
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER THORN
|
|
U+00DF
|
ß
|
c3 9f
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S
|
|
U+00E0
|
à
|
c3 a0
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00E1
|
á
|
c3 a1
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00E2
|
â
|
c3 a2
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00E3
|
ã
|
c3 a3
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE
|
|
U+00E4
|
ä
|
c3 a4
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00E5
|
å
|
c3 a5
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE
|
|
U+00E6
|
æ
|
c3 a6
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
|
|
U+00E7
|
ç
|
c3 a7
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
|
|
U+00E8
|
è
|
c3 a8
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00E9
|
é
|
c3 a9
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00EA
|
ê
|
c3 aa
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00EB
|
ë
|
c3 ab
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00EC
|
ì
|
c3 ac
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00ED
|
í
|
c3 ad
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00EE
|
î
|
c3 ae
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00EF
|
ï
|
c3 af
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00F0
|
ð
|
c3 b0
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH
|
|
U+00F1
|
ñ
|
c3 b1
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
|
|
U+00F2
|
ò
|
c3 b2
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00F3
|
ó
|
c3 b3
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00F4
|
ô
|
c3 b4
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00F5
|
õ
|
c3 b5
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE
|
|
U+00F6
|
ö
|
c3 b6
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00F7
|
÷
|
c3 b7
|
DIVISION SIGN
|
|
U+00F8
|
ø
|
c3 b8
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE
|
|
U+00F9
|
ù
|
c3 b9
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE
|
|
U+00FA
|
ú
|
c3 ba
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00FB
|
û
|
c3 bb
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
|
U+00FC
|
ü
|
c3 bc
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS
|
|
U+00FD
|
ý
|
c3 bd
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
|
|
U+00FE
|
þ
|
c3 be
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN
|
|
U+00FF
|
ÿ
|
c3 bf
|
LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS
|
