How do acids and bases react with each other? What is the name of the process? What product is obtained out of these reactions?
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Acid reacts with base to form salt and water.
$$ \underset{\text{Acid}}{HA} + \underset{\text{Base}}{BOH} \rightarrow \underset{\text{Salt}}{BA} + \underset{\text{water}}{H_2O} $$
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It is known that, acid generates H⁺ and base generates OH⁻ ions.
$$ \text{H}^+_{\text{(aq)}} + \text{OH}^-_{\text{(aq)}} \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}_{\text{(l)}} $$
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The H⁺ ions of an acid and OH⁻ ions of a base react with each other to form unionized water. The process is termed as neutralization.
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The product obtained out of this reaction is salt and water.