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Change the voice



Read the following sentences:

He is writing a letter. (Active)

A letter is being written by him. (Passive)

You will have noticed that the verb changes its form when the sentence is changed from the active voice to the passive voice. The passive form of the verb is constructed by putting appropriate auxiliary verbs before the past participle form of the active verb.

The active and passive forms of the verb write are given below:

When the active verb is in the simple present tense

Active verb: write/writes

Passive verb: is/am/are written

 He writes a letter.

A letter is written by him.
When the active verb is in the present continuous tense

Active verb: is/am/are writing

Passive verb: is/am/are being written

 He is writing a letter. (Active)

 A letter is being written by him. (Passive)

When the active verb is in the present perfect tense

Active verb: has/have written

Passive verb: has/have been written

 He has written a letter. (Active)

 A letter has been written by him. (Passive)

When the active verb is in the simple past tense

Active verb: wrote

Passive verb: was/were written

 He wrote a letter. (Active)

 A letter was written by him. (Passive)

When the active verb is in the past continuous tense

Active: was/were writing

Passive: was/were being written



 He was writing a letter. (Active)

 A letter was being written by him. (Passive)

When the active verb is in the past perfect tense

Active verb: had written

Passive verb: had been written

 He had written a letter.

A letter had been written by him.
When the active verb is in the simple future tense

Active verb: will/shall write

Passive verb: will/shall be written

 He will write a letter. (Active)

 A letter will be written by him. (Passive)

When the active verb is in the future perfect tense

Active verb: will/shall have written

Passive verb: will/shall have been written

He will have written a letter.


A letter will have been written by him.

Find the verbs in the following sentences and state whether they are in the active voice or the passive voice.

1. The tiger killed the deer.

2. The boy is learning his lessons.

3. This house was built by my grandfather.

4. Alice has been waiting for a long time.

5. Mother was making a cake.

6. The postman was bitten by the dog.

7. The thief was caught.

8. The accused were sent to jail.

9. The loud noise frightened the baby.

10.  The dog chased the cat.

11.  The letter was posted yesterday.

12.  The oldman takes snuff.

13.  The cat drank all the milk.

14.  That boy of yours has broken my window again.

15.  These shoes of mine pinch me terribly.

Answers

1. verb – killed (simple past); voice – active

2. verb – is learning (present continuous); voice – active

3. verb – was built (simple past); voice – passive

4. verb – has been waiting (present perfect continuous); voice – active

5. verb – was making (past continuous); voice – active

6. verb – was bitten (simple past); voice – passive

7. verb – was caught (simple past); voice – passive

8. verb – were sent (simple past); voice – passive

9. verb – frightened (simple past); voice – active



10.  verb -chased (simple past); voice – active

11.  verb – was posted (simple past); voice – passive

12.  verb – takes (simple present); voice – active

13.  verb – drank (simple past); voice – active

14.  verb – has broken (present perfect); voice – active

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